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Page No 289: - Chapter 10 Haloalkanes & Halo Arenes Intext Solutions class 12 ncert solutions Chemistry - SaraNextGen [2024]


Question 10.2:

Why is sulphuric acid not used during the reaction of alcohols with KI?

Answer:

In the presence of sulphuric acid (H2SO4), KI produces HI

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6868/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_3fb52cd9.gif

Since

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6868/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_735b8b5f.gif  is an oxidizing agent, it oxidizes HI (produced in the reaction to I2).

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6868/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m11a110a2.gif

As a result, the reaction between alcohol and HI to produce alkyl iodide cannot occur. Therefore, sulphuric acid is not used during the reaction of alcohols with KI. Instead, a non-oxidizing acid such as H3POis used.

Question 10.3:

Write structures of different dihalogen derivatives of propane.

Answer:

There are four different dihalogen derivatives of propane. The structures of these derivatives are shown below.

(i)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6870/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m6c17cb58.jpg

1, 1-Dibromopropane

(ii)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6870/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_138134ca.jpg

2, 2-Dibromopropane

(iii)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6870/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m542ab460.jpg

1, 2-Dibromopropane

(iv)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6870/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_659fb72d.jpg

1, 3-Dibromopropane

Question 10.4:

Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C5H12, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields

(i) A single monochloride.

(ii) Three isomeric monochlorides.

(iii) Four isomeric monochlorides.

Answer:

(i) To have a single monochloride, there should be only one type of H-atom in the isomer of the alkane of the molecular formula C5H12. This is because, replacement of any H-atom leads to the formation of the same product. The isomer is neopentane.

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6871/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_384e50bf.jpg

Neopentane

(ii) To have three isomeric monochlorides, the isomer of the alkane of the molecular formula C5H12 should contain three different types of H-atoms.

Therefore, the isomer is n-pentane. It can be observed that there are three types of H atoms labelled as ab and c in n-pentane.

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6871/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_6303f586.gif

(iii) To have four isomeric monochlorides, the isomer of the alkane of the molecular formula C5H12 should contain four different types of H-atoms. Therefore, the isomer is 2-methylbutane. It can be observed that there are four types of H-atoms labelled as abc, and d in 2-methylbutane.

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6871/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_c2e5e63.jpg

Question 10.5:

Draw the structures of major monohalo products in each of the following reactions:

(i)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_5639edc8.jpg

(ii)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m1f8e0b9d.jpg

(iii)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m4177ef94.jpg

(iv)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m4c1682ee.jpg

(v)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_4e28e35b.jpg

(vi)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_11ad5542.jpg

Answer:

(i)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m51e78382.jpg

(ii)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m406402e4.jpg

(iii)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m7675c028.jpg

(iv)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m2e355842.jpg

(v)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_41f3e480.jpg

(vi)

https://img-nm.mnimgs.com/img/study_content/curr/1/12/17/269/6872/NS(INTEXT)_4-12-08_Utpal_12_Chemistry_10_6_GSX_html_m53a407d9.jpg

Also Read : Page-No-291:-Chapter-10-Haloalkanes-&-Halo-Arenes-Intext-Solutions-class-12-ncert-solutions-Chemistry

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