Updated By SaraNextGen

On April 21, 2024, 11:35 AM

Question 1:

Why are we normally advised to take bland and nourishing food when we are sick?

Answer:

We are normally advised to consume bland and nourishing food when we are sick so that we can get the nutrients and energy quickly to fight off the foreign disease- causing agents.

Question 2:

What are the different means by which infectious diseases are spread?

Answer:

Diseases can be spread through various means such as air, water, sexual contact, blood, and vector.

(i) Certain disease-causing micro-organisms are expelled in air by coughing, sneezing, talking, etc. These micro-organisms can travel through dust particles or water droplets in air to reach other people. For example, tuberculosis, pneumonia, etc. spread through air.

(ii) Sometimes causal micro-organisms get mixed with drinking water and spread water borne diseases. Cholera for example is water borne disease.

(iii) Sexual act between two people can lead to the transfer of diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhoea, AIDS, etc.

(iv) Certain diseases such as AIDS can spread via blood to blood contact during blood transfusion or pregnancy.

(v) Certain diseases spread by animals called vectors. For example mosquitoes spread malaria.

Question 3:

What precautions can you take in your school to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases?

Answer:

Precautions to reduce incidence of infectious diseases are:

(i) Stay away from the diseased person.

(ii) Cover your mouth or nose while coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of disease.

(iii) Drink safe water.

(iv) Keep the environment clean to prevent mosquitoes from breeding.

Question 4:

What is immunization?

Answer:

Immunizationis defined as protection of the body from communicable diseases by administration of some agent that mimics the microbe. This suspension of killed microbes that mimics the disease-causing microbes is known as vaccine.

Question 5:

What are the immunization programmes available at the nearest health centre in your locality? Which of these diseases are the major health problems in your area?

Answer:

The immunization programmes available at the nearest health centre are DPT (Diphtheria, Pertusis, and Tetanus), polio vaccine, hepatitis B, MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella), jaundice, typhoid, etc.

Of all these diseases, jaundice and typhoid are major health problems.