Check here the Latest detailed Answers and Solutions as per the latest guidelines of Additional Questions - Chapter 11 Hydroxy Compounds and Ethers 12th Chemistry Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - [2024-2025]

Check here the Latest detailed Answers and Solutions as per the latest guidelines of Additional Questions - Chapter 11 Hydroxy Compounds and Ethers 12th Chemistry Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - [2024-2025]

Additional Questions - Chapter 11 Hydroxy Compounds and Ethers 12th Chemistry Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

Updated On August 15, 2024

By SaraNextGen

Additional Questions
1 Mark Questions and Answers
I. Choose the best answer.
Question 1.
Which one of the following is a trihydric alcohol?
(a) Glycol
(b) Ethanol
(c) Glycerol
(d) Sorbitol
Answer:
(c) Glycerol
Question 2.
Identify the monohydric unsaturated alcohol.

Answer:

Question 3 .
Which one of the following is named as sorbital?

Answer:

Question 4.
Which one of the following is a primary alcohol?

Answer:

Question 5.
Which of the following is a dihydric alcohol?
(a) Ethenol
(b) Ethanol ]
(c) Ethane - 1,2-diol
(d) Propan $-2-o l$
Answer:
(c) Ethane - 1,2-diol
Question 6.
Which one of the following is an example of secondary $\left(2^{\circ}\right)$ alcohol?
(a) Propan $-2-$ ol
(b) Phenyl methanol
(c) Ethenol
(d) 2-methyl-propan-2-ol
Answer:
(a) Propan -2-ol
Question 7.
Which one of the following is a tertiary alcohol?

Answer:

Question 8.
Which of the following is a primary alcohol?

Answer:

Question 9.
Which one of the following find application in proper functioning of our eyes?
(a) Cholesterol
(b) Retinol
(c) Phenol
(d) Ethanol
Answer:
(b) Retinol
Question 10.
Which is the storage of vitamin - A?
(a) Retinol
(b) Benzyl alcohol
(c) Phenol
(d) Ascorbic acid
Answer:
(a) Retinol
Question 11.
The important component in our cell membrane is
(a) Retinol
(b) Phenol
(c) Cholesterol
(d) Methanol
Answer:
(c) Cholesterol
Question 12 .
Which acts as an additive to petrol?
(a) Glycerol
(b) Ethanol
(c) Phenol
(d) Methanol
Answer:
(b) Ethanol
Question 13.
Which one of the following vitamin is stored in Retinol?
(a) Vitamin $-B_{12}$
(b) Vitamin - A
(c) Vitamin - C
(a) Vitamin - D
Answer:

(b) Vitamin -A
Question 14 .
Which alcohol is used as skin cleanser for injection?
(a) Methanol
(b) Ethanol
(c) 1 -propanol
(d) 2-propanol
Answer:
(d) 2-propanol
Question 15 .
Which one of the following is used as an industrial solvent?
(a) Methanol
(b) Benzyl alcohol
(c) Phenol
(d) Cholesterol
Answer:
(a) Methanol
Question 16 .
2 - methyl but -3 - en $-2-$ ol belongs to which type of alcohol?
(a) $3^{\circ}$ alcohol
(b) $2^{\circ}$ alcohol
(c) $1^{\circ}$ alcohol
(d) Aromatic alcohol
Answer:
(a) $3^{\circ}$ alcohol
Question 17.
The IUPAC name of
is
(a) 1-methyl-2-propanol
(b) $2-$ methyl $-\mathrm{p}$ ropan $-2-$ ol
(c) Tertibutyl alcohol
(d) 2-propanol
Answer:
(b) $2-$ methyl - p ropan $-2-$ ol
Question 18
The TUPAC name of $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$ is
(a) Allyl alcohol
(b) Propenc $-2-$ ol
(c) Prop $-2-$ en $-1-$ oI
(d) Isopropyl alcohol

Answer:
(c) Prop $-2-$ en $-1-$ oI
Question 19.
In methanol, $-\mathrm{OH}$ group attached to carbon is
(a) $\mathrm{sp}$ hybridised atom
(b) $\mathrm{sp}^3$ hybridised atom
(c) $\mathrm{sp}^2$ hybridised atom
(d) $\mathrm{dsp}^2$ hybridised atom
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{sp}^2$ hybridised atom
Question 20.
Which one of the following is $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}$ bond angle in methanol?
(a) $109.5^{\circ}$
(b) $104^{\circ}$
(c) $90^{\circ}$
(d) $108.9^{\circ}$
Answer:
(d) $108.9^{\circ}$
Question 21.
Primaiy alkyl halides undergoes substitution by
(a) $\mathrm{SN}^1$ reaction
(b) $\mathrm{SN}_{\mathrm{i}}$ reaction
(c) $\mathrm{SN}^2$ reaction
(d) $\mathrm{SN}$ reaction
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{SN}^2$ reaction
Question 22.
What is the product formed when propene is hydrolysed in the presence of mineral acid?
(a) Propan $-1-\mathrm{ol}$
(b) Propan $-2-$ ol
(c) Iso butyl alcohol
(d) 2 - mcthyl-propan-2-ol
Answer:
(b) Propan $-2-o l$
Question 23.
The product formed when phenyl magnesium bromide treated with methanal and hydrolysed is
(a) Phenyl methanal
(b) Phenol
(c) Phenyl methanol
(d) Benzyl benzoate
Answer:
(c) Phenyl methanol

Question 24.
To get Butan - - ol, Ethyl magnesium bromide is treated with followed by hydrolysis.
(a) $\mathrm{HCHO}$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COCH}_3$
(c) $\mathrm{CO}_2$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CHO}$
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CHO}$
Question 25 .
Which one of the following is formed when Butyl magnesium bromide is treated with propanone followed by hydrolysis?
(a) Tertiary butyl alcohol
(b) Isopropyl alcohol
(c) 2 - methyl hexan-2-ol
(d) Propan - -ol
Answer:
(c) 2 - methyl hexan $-2-$ ol
Question 26.
Which one of the tbllowing is used to get propan $-2-\mathrm{ol}$ by the reaction with $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{MgBr}$ ?
(a) Ethanol
(b) Ethanal
(c) Ethyl inethanoate
(d) Propanone
Answer:
(c) Ethyl inethanoate
Question 27.
Crotanaldehyde on reaction with $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$ and water produces
(a) Ethanol
(b) Propan - 2-ol
(c) Methanol
(d) But-2-en - 1-ol
Answer:
(d) But-2-en-1-ol

Question 28.
Which one of the following is used as a catalyst in the conversion of Bcnzoic acid to Benzyl alcohol?
(a) $\mathrm{Ni}$
(b) $\mathrm{LiAIH}_4 / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
(c) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
(d) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NaOH}$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{LiAIH}_4 / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
Question 29.
What is the product formed when acetone is treated with LiA1H4 and 1120 ?
(a) Isobutyl alcohol
(b) n-butyl alcohol
(c) Propan - 2-ol
(d) Propan - 1-ol
Answer:
(c) Propan $-2-$ ol
Question 30 .
Which one of the following is formed when ethene reacts with Baeyer's reagent?
(a) Ethane
(b) Ethylene glycol
(c) Propane $-1,2-$ diol
(d) Glycerol
Answer:
(b) Ethylene glycol
Question 31.
Which one of the following is named as Baeyer's reagent?
(a) acidified $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$
(b) acidified $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$
(c) Cold dilute alkaline $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$
(d) $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$
Answer:
(c) Cold dilute alkaline $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$

Question 32 .
The alkaline hydrolysis of fats to give glycerol is known as
(a) Esterification
(b) Hydroboration
(c) Hydration
(d) Saponification
Answer:
(d) Saponification
Question 33.
Which one of the following alcohol reacts immediately with Lucas reagent?
(a) Primaiy alcohol
(b) Tertiary alcohol
(c) Phenol
(d) Secondary alcohol
Answer:
(b) Tertiary alcohol
Question 34 .
Which one of the following is called Lucas reagent?
(a) Conc. $\mathrm{HCl}+$ Anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$
(b) Conc. $\mathrm{HCl}+$ Anhydrous $\mathrm{AlCI}_3$
(c) $\mathrm{LiAIH}_4+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
(d) Cold dilute alkaline $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$
Answer:
(a) Conc. $\mathrm{HCl}+$ Anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$
Question 35 .
Which alcohol gives red colour in Victor Meyer's test?
(a) $2^{\circ}$ alcohol
(b) $3^{\circ}$ alcohol
(c) Phenol
(d) $1^{\circ}$ alcohol
Answer:
(d) $1^{\circ}$ alcohol
Question 36.
Which colour is given by secondary alcohol in Victor Meyer's test?
(a) Red
(b) Green
(c) Blue
(d) Yellow
Answer:

Question 37.
Which mechanism is followed in the reaction of 2 - methyl - 2-propanol with $\mathrm{HBr}$ ?
(a) $\mathrm{E}_1$ mechanism
(b) $\mathrm{E}_2$ mechanism
(c) $\mathrm{SN}^2$ mechanism
(d) $\mathrm{SN}^1$ mechanism
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{SN}^1$ mechanism
Question 38 .
Which mechanism is followed in the conversion of ethanol to bromoethane by $\mathrm{HBr}$ ?
(a) $\mathrm{SN}^1$ mechanism
(b) $\mathrm{SN}^2$ mechanism
(c) $\mathrm{E}_1$ mechanism
(d) $\mathrm{E}_2$ mechanism
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{E}_1$ mechanism
Question 39 .
Which one of the following is used as a catalyst in the reaction of methanol with thionyl chloride?
(a) Pyridine
(b) pyrrole
(c) $\mathrm{THF}$
(d) Nickel
Answer:
(a) Pyridine
Question 40.
The mechanism of the reaction of ethanol with $\mathrm{PCl}_3$ is
(a) $\mathrm{SN}^1$
(b) $\mathrm{SN}^2$
(c) $E_2$
(d) $\mathrm{E}_1$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{SN}^2$
Question 41.
Which one of the following reagent is used in the conversion of Ethanol to ethene?
(a) $\mathrm{Zn}+\mathrm{Hg} / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
(b) $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$
(c) acidified $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$
(d) Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$
Answer:
(d) Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$

Question 42 .
Primary alcohol undergo dehydration by
(a) $\mathrm{E}_1$ mechanism
(b) $\mathrm{E}_2$ mechanism
(c) $\mathrm{SN}^1$ mechanism
(d) $\mathrm{SN}^2$ mechanism
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{E}_2$ mechanism
Question 43.
Tertiary alcohols undergo dehydration by
(a) $\mathrm{SN}^1$ mechanism
(b) $\mathrm{E}_2$ mechanism
(c) $E_1$ mechanism
(d) $\mathrm{SN}^2$ mechanism
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{E}_1$ mechanism
Question 44
Which one of the following is the correct order of relative reactivities of alcohols in the dehydration reaction?
(a) $1^{\circ}<2^{\circ}<3^{\circ}$
(b) $2^{\circ}<1^{\circ}<3^{\circ}$
(c) $3^{\circ}<2^{\circ}<1^{\circ}$
(d) $3^{\circ}<1^{\circ}<2^{\circ}$
Answer:
(a) $1^{\circ}<2^{\circ}<3^{\circ}$
Question 45.
Which of the following is the product formed when 3,3 - dimethyl-2-butanol reacts with conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ ?
(a) 2,3-dirnethyl but - 1 - ene
(b) 2,3-dimethyl but - 2 - ene
(c) 3,3-dimethyl but - 1 - ene
(d) all the above
Answer:
(d) all the above
Question 46.
The oxidising agent used to prepare aldehyde (or) ketone from alcohol, the reagent used is
(a) acidified $\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$
(b) alkaline $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$
(c) Pyridinium chlorochromate
(d) conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$
Answer:
(c) Pyridinium chlorochromate

Question 47.
The product formed when propan $-2-\mathrm{ol}$ is treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and oxalyl chloride followed by the addition of $\mathrm{Et}_3 \mathrm{~N}$ is
(a) Oxalyl chloride
(b) Propanal
(c) Ethanoic aicd
(d) Propanone
Answer:
(d) Propanone
Question 48 .
Which reaction is used to convert alcohol to ketone / aldehyde in the presence of DMSO?
(a) Lucas test
(b) Swern oxidation
(c) Biological oxidation
(d) Kolbe's reaction
Answer:
(b) Swern oxidation
Question 49.
Which product is formed when propan- $1-\mathrm{ol}$ is oxidised by pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)?
(a) Propanal
(b) Propanone
(c) Propane
(d) Propene
Answer:
(a) Propanal
Question 50 .
Which one of the enzyme is produced in liver to detoxify the alcohol?
(a) Diastase
(b) Zymase
(c) Invertase
(d) Dehydrogenase alcohol
Answer:
(d) Dehydrogenase alcohol
Question 51.
What is $\mathrm{ADH}$ and NAD?
(a) Alcohol dehydrogenase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
(b) Acid dehydration and Nitrogen addition
(c) Alcohol dehydration and Nicotine addition
(d) Adeninc hydrogenase and Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Answer:

(a) Alcohol dehydrogenase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Question 52 .
What is the main reaction take place when 2 - methyl propan - $2-$ ol reacts with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) Dehydrogenation
(b) Oxidation
(c) Dehydration
(d) Hydrogenation
Answer:
(c) Dehydration
Question 53.
Name the product formed when tertiary butyl alcohol is treated with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) 2-methyl prop-1-ene
(b) 2 - methyl prop - 2 - ene
(c) propene
(d) 1 - butene
Answer:
(a) 2 - methyl prop-1-ene
Question 54.
Which one of the following product is formed when propan $-2-\mathrm{ol}$ is treated with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) Propanal
(b) Propanone
(c) Propan $-1-o l$
(d) Propane
Answer:
(b) Propanone
Question 55 .
What is the name of the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid?
(a) Esterification
(b) Saponification
(c) Ethenfication
(d) Hydroxylation
Answer:
(a) Esterification
Question 56.
Which one of the following is formed when ethan $-1,2$ - diol is treated with $\mathrm{PI}_3$ ?
(a) Ethane
(b) Ethyne
(c) Ethene
(d) Ethanol

Answer:

Question 57.
Which reagent is used to convert ethylene glycol to ethylene?
(a) $\mathrm{HI}$
(b) $\mathrm{I}_2$
(c) $\mathrm{PI}_3$
(d) Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{PI}_3$
Question 58.
What is the product formed when ethylene glycol is heated at $773 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) Ethanal
(b) Ethene
(c) Ethane
(d) Oxirane
Answer:
(d) Oxirane
Question 59.
Which reagent is used to convert ethan - 1,2 - diol into Ethanal?
(a) Anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$
(b) Dilute. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$
(c) Either (a) or (b)
(d) Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$
Answer:
(c) Either (a) or (b)
Question 60.
Name the product formed when ethan- 1, 2-diol is treated with anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$.
(a) Ethanol
(b) Ethene
(c) Ethane
(d) Ethanal
Answer:
(d) Ethanal

Question 61 .
Which one of the following is formed when ethane $-1,2$ - diol is treated with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ ?
(a) 1,4-dioxane
(b) Ethanal
(c) Ethanoic acid
(d) Ethene
Answer:
(a) 1,4 - dioxane
Question 62 .
Which one of the following is formed when ethylene glycol is treated with periodic acid?
(a) Methanal
(b) Methanol
(c) Ethanol
(d) Ethanal
Answer:
(a) Methanal
Question 63.
Identify the product formed when glycerol is treated with nitric acid and conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ ?
(a) Nitroglycerine
(b) Glyceryl triacetate
(c) Prop $-2-$ enal
(d) Glyceric acid
Answer:
(a) Nitroglycerine
Question 64 .
What will be the product formed when propan - 1,2,3 - triol is treated with $\mathrm{KHSO}_4$ ?
(a) Nitroglycerine
(b) TNG
(c) Prop - 2 - enal
(d) Allyl alcohol
Answer:
(a) Nitroglycerine
Question 65 .
Oxidation of glycerol with dil. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ gives
(a) Meso oxalic acid
(b) Glyceric acid and tartronic acid
(c) Glycerose
(d) Glyceraldehyde and dihydroxy acetone

Answer:

(b) Glyceric acid and tartronic acid

Question 66 .
Oxidation of glycerol with Fenton reagent gives
(a) Glyceraldehyde + Dihydroxy acetone
(b) Glyceric acid + Tartronic acid
(c) Meso oxalic acid
(d) Oxalic acid
Answer:
(a) Glyceraldehyde + Dihydroxy acetone
Question 67.
Which one of the following product is formed when glycerol is oxidised with acidified $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$ ?
(a) Meso oxalic acid
(b) Oxalic acid
(c) Formic acid
(d) Glyceric acid
Answer:
(b) Oxalic acid
Question 68 .
Which one of the following is used as a solvent for paints, varnishes and gum?
(a) Ethanol
(b) Methanol
(c) Methanal
(d) Ethanal
Answer:
(b) Methanol
Question 69.
Which one of the following is used as fuel for aeroplane?
(a) Methanol + Ethanol
(b) Ethanol + Petrol
(c) Ethanol + Propanol
(d) Butanol + Methanol
Answer:
(b) Ethanol + Petrol
Question 70 .
Which one of the following is used as beverage as well as preservative for biological specimens?
(a) Ethanol
(b) Methanol
(c) Phenol
(d) Benzyl alcohol
Answer:
(a) Ethanol

Question 71.
Which one of the following is used as an anti-freezer in automobile radiator?
(a) Glycerol
(b) Phenol
(c) Benzyl alcohol
(d) Ethylene glycol
Answer:
(d) Ethylene glycol
Question 72.
Which one of the following is used as a sweetening agent in confectionery and beverages?
(a) Glycerol
(b) Phenol
(c) Benzyl alcohol
(d) Ethylene glycol
Answer:
(a) Glycerol
Question 73.
Which one of the following is used in the manufacture of cosmetics and transparent soaps?
(a) Methanol
(b) Ethanol
(c) Glycerol
(d) Phenol
Answer:
(c) Glycerol
Question 74.
Which one of the following is used in the manufacture of explosive dynamite and cordite by mixing it with clay?
(a) Glycol
(b) Glycerol
(c) Ethanol
(d) Benzaldehyde
Answer:
(b) Glycerol
Question 75 .
Which alcohols is used in making printing inks and stamp pad ink?
(a) Glycol
(b) Ethanol
(c) Glycerol
(d) Phenol
Answer:
(c) Glycerol

Question 76.
Except which alcohol, other alcohols are weaker acid than water?
(a) Ethanol
(b) Phenol
(c) Methanol
(d) Propanol
Answer:
(c) Methanol
Question 77.
Which one of the following is the correct decreasing order of acidity in alcohol?
(a) $1^{\circ}$ alcohol $>2^{\circ}$ alcohol $>3^{\circ}$ alcohol
(b) $3^{\circ}$ alcohol $>2^{\circ}$ alcohol $>1^{\circ}$ alcohol
(c) $2^{\circ}$ alcohol $>1^{\circ}$ alcohol $>3^{\circ}$ alcohol
(d) $3^{\circ}$ alcohol $>1^{\circ}$ alcohol $>2^{\circ}$ alcohol
Answer:
(a) $1^{\circ}$ alcohol $>2^{\circ}$ alcohol $>3^{\circ}$ alcohol
Question 78 .
Which one of the following is more acidic?
(a) Benzyl alcohol
(b) Phenol
(c) Ethanol
(d) Methanol
Answer:
(b) Phenol
Question 79.
The JUPAC name of Phioroglucinol is
(a) 4-methyl phenol
(b) 1,4-dihydroxy benzene
(c) 1, 3,5-trihydroxy benzene
(d) 1,2,3-trihydroxy benzene
Answer:
(c) 1, 3,5-trihydroxy benzene

Question 80 .
The other name of 1,2,3-trihydroxy benzene is called
(a) Pholoroglucinol
(b) Quinol
(c) Pyrogallol
(d) Hydroxy quinol
Answer:
(c) Pyrogallol
Question 81 .
The other name of 3,5 -dihydroxy toluene is known as
(a) Orcinol
(b) Quinol
(c) Pyrogallol
(d) Resorcinol
Answer:
(a) Orcinol
Question 82 .
The IUPAC name of Catechol is known as
(a) 1,3-dihydroxy benzene
(b) 1,2-dihydroxy benzene
(c) 1,4-dihydroxy benzene
(d) 1,3,5-trihydroxy benzene
Answer:
(b) 1,2-dihydroxy benzene
Question 83.
The name of

(a) Phloroglucinol
(b) pyrogallol
(c) Quinol
(d) Resorcinol
Answer:
(a) Phloroglucinol
Question 84.
The name of

(a) Pyrogallol
(b) Hydroxy cresol
(c) Orcinol
(d) Phloroglucinol
Answer:
(c) Orcinol
Question 85 .
The reaction of chiorobenzene with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ is known as
(a) Kolbe's reaction
(b) Riemcr - Ticmann reaction
(c) Dow's process
(d) Cumene synthesis
Answer:
(c) Dow's process
Question 86.
Which one of the product is formed when benzene and propene is heated at $523 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) Cumene
(b) 2 - ethyl benzene
(c) 2-propyl benzene
(d) Ethyl enthanoate
Answer:
(a) Cumene
Question 87.
What will be the product formed when phenol is treated with zinc dust?
(a) Cumene
(b) Toluene
(c) Ethyl benzene
(d) Benzene
Answer:
(d) Benzene
Question 88 .
The acetylation and benzoylation of phenol are called
(a) Dow's process
(b) Schotten - Baumann reaction
(c) Reimer - Tiemann reaction
(d) Williamson ether synthesis
Answer:
(b) Schotten - Baumann reaction

Question 89 .
Name the product formed when phenol is heated with ammonia in the presence of anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$.
(a) Benzene
(b) Aniline
(c) Anisole
(d) Phenyl acetate
Answer:
(b) Aniline
Question 90 .
What will be the product formed when phenol is treated with benzoyl chloride in the presence of a base?
(a) Phenyl acetate
(b) Phenyl cnthanoatc
(c) Phenyl benzoate
(d) Benzyl acetate
Answer:
(c) Phenyl benzoate
Question 91 .
Which one of the following is formed when phenol istreated with acidified $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$ ?
(a) Benzoic acid
(b) Phenyl amine
(c) Phenyl acetate
(d) 1,4 -benzo quinone
Answer:
(d) 1,4 - benzo quinone
Question 92 .
Hydrogenation of phenol in the presence of Nickel gives
(a) cyclo hexane
(b) cyclo hexanol
(c) benzene
(d) cumene
Answer:
(b) cyclo hexanol
Question 93.
Which one of the following is formed when phenol reacts with a mixture of Conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ and Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ ?
(a) Ortho nitro phenol
(b) Para nitro phenol
(c) 1,2-dinitro phenol
(d) 2,4,6-trinitro phenol
Answer:
(d) 2,4,6-trinitro phenol

Question 94 .
What will be the product formed when phenol reacts with bromine water?
(a) 0 -bromo phenol
(b) $\mathrm{P}$-bromo phenol
(c) 1,3,5-tri bromo phenol
(d) 2, 4,6-tri bromo phenol
Answer:
(d) 2, 4,6-tri bromo phenol
Question 95 .
The conversion reaction of phenol of salicylic acid is known as
(a) Schottan - Baumann reaction
(b) Riemer - Ticmann reaction
(c) Kolbe's Schmitt reaction
(d) Williamson's synthesis
Answer:
(c) Kolbe's Schmitt reaction
Question 96.
The reagent used for the conversion of phenol into salicylaldehyde is
(a) $\mathrm{CHCI}_3 / \mathrm{NaOH}$
(b) $\mathrm{I}_2 / \mathrm{KOH}$
(c) $\mathrm{Zn}$
(d) $\mathrm{Br}_2 / \mathrm{CCl}_4$
Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{CHCI}_3 / \mathrm{NaOH}$
Question 97.
What is the name of the reaction of phenol with chloroform and aqueous alkali?
(a) Kolbe's reaction
(b) Cumene synthesis
(c) Rlemer - Tiemann reaction
(d) Schottan - Baumann reaction
Answer:
(c) Rlemer - Tiemann reaction
Question 98 .
Which one of the following is formed when phenol is treated with chloroform and sodium hydroxide.
(a) Chiorobenzene
(b) Salicylaldehyde
(c) Salicylic acid
(d) Aniline
Answer:
(b) Salicylaldehyde

Question 99.
What are the reagents required to prepare phenolphthalein?
(a) Phenol + Phthalic acid
(b) Phenol + Benzene
(c) Phenol + Phthalic anhydride
(d) Phenol + Aniline
Answer:
(c) Phenol + Phthalic anhydride
Question 100.
Which one of the following is formed when Phenol reacts with benzene diazonium chloride?
(a) $\mathrm{P}$ - hyclroxy diazo phenol
(b) $P$ - hydroxy azo benzene
(c) $\mathrm{O}$-hydroxy benzene
(d) $\mathrm{O}$ - hydroxy azo benzene
Answer:
(b) $P$ - hydroxy azo benzene
Question 101.
Which reagent gives purple colouration with phenol?
(a) Anhydrous $\mathrm{AlCl}_3$
(b) Anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$
(c) Neutral $\mathrm{FeCl}_3$
(d) $\mathrm{HCI}+\mathrm{ZnCI}_2$
Answer:
(c) Neutral $\mathrm{FeCl}_3$
Question 102.
Bakelite is formed when phenol reacts with
(a) Methanol
(b) Methanal
(c) Ethanal
(d) Ethanol
Answer:
(b) Methanal

Question 103.
Which one of the following is used as an antiseptic - carbolic lotion and carbolic soaps?
(a) Benzyl alcohol
(b) Methanol
(c) Glycol
(d) Phenol
Answer:
(d) Phenol
Question 104.
The product formed when formaldehyde reacts with phenol is
(a) Bakelite
(b) Phenolphthalein
(c) Azodye
(d) Aniline
Answer:
(a) Bakelite
Question 105.
Which one of the following is a simple ether?

Answer:

Question 106.
Which one of the following is an example for mixed ether?
(a) Methoxy methane
(b) Phenoxy benzene
(c) Methoxy benzene
(d) Ethoxy ethane
Answer:
(c) Methoxy benzene
Question 107.
The IUPAC name of

(a) 1-methoxyl isopropyl ethane
(b) 2-methoxy-2-methyl propane
(c) 2,2-dimethyl 2-methoxy ethane
(d) Methoxy tertiary butane
Answer:
(b) 2-methoxy-2-methyl propane
Question 108.
The IUPAC name of $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5$ is
(a) Diphenyl ether
(b) Phenoxy methane
(c) Phenoxy benzene
(d) Ethoxy benzene
Answer:
(c) Phenoxy benzene
Question 109.
Which one of the following is not a simple ether?
(a) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3$
(c) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5$
(d) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5$
Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$
Question 110 .
What is the name of the reaction when ethanol is treated with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $413 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) Intermolecular dehydration
(b) Intra - molecular dehydration
(c) Dehydrogenation
(d) Dehydro halogenation
Answer:
(a) Intermolecular dehydration
Question 111.
Identify the product formed when ethanol is treated with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $413 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) Ethene
(b) Ethane
(c) 2 -butanol
(d) Diethyl ether
Answer:
(d) Diethyl ether

Question 112.
The reaction of sodium methoxide with ethyl bromide follows
(a) $\mathrm{SN}^1$ mechanism
(b) $\mathrm{SN}^2$ mechanism
(c) $E_1$ reaction
(d) $\mathrm{E}_2$ reaction
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{SN}^2$ mechanism
Question 113.
The product formed when tertiary butyl bromide and sodium methode are react together is
(a) 2-methyl-2-methoxy propane
(b) ethoxy ethane
(c) 2-methyl-prop-1-ene
(d) 2 - methyl but - 1 - ene
Answer:
(c) 2 - methyl- prop-1- ene
Question 114.
Identify the product formed when diazomethane reacts with Ethanol in the presence of $\mathrm{HBF}_4$ ?
(a) Methoxy ethane
(b) Ethoxy ethane
(c) Diethyl ether
(d) Ethyl isopropyl ether
Answer:
(a) Methoxy ethane
Question 115.
What arc the products formed when methoxy ethanc is treated with hydroiodic acid?
(a) Phenol + iodomethane
(b) Todomethane + Ethanol
(c) lodoethane + Methanol
(d) lodobenzene + Methane
Answer:
(b) Todomethane + Ethanol

Question 116.
What are the products formed when methoxy benzene is treated with $\mathrm{HI}$ ?
(a) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}+\mathrm{CH}_4$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{I}+\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6$
(c) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}+\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{I}$
(d) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{I}+\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}+\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{I}$
Question 117.
The mechanism involved in Williamson's synthesis is
(a) $\mathrm{E}_1$
(b) $\mathrm{E}_2$
(c) $\mathrm{SN}^2$
(d) $\mathrm{SN}^1$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{SN}^2$
Question 118.
When diethyl ether is exposed to excess oxygen, the reaction taken place is
(a) reduction
(b) hydrogenation
(c) dehydrogenation
(d) auto oxidation
Answer:
(d) auto oxidation
Question 119.
Which one of the following is formed when Diethyl ether is treated with dil. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ ?
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{HSO}_4$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}_2$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_3$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$
Question 120 .
Which one of the following is formed when diethyl ether reacts with $\mathrm{Cl} 2$ in the presence of light?

Answer:

Question 121.
$
\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3 \frac{\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COCl}}{\text { Anhydrous } \mathrm{ZnCl}_2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{A}+\mathrm{B}
$
In the above reaction $A$ and $B$ are
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}+\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{Cl}$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{Cl}+\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH}$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH}+\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOCH}_3$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CI}+\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOCH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_3$
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CI}+\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOCH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_3$

Question 122.
Anisole undergoes bromination with $\mathrm{Br}_2$ in acetic acid in the absence of catalyst, the major product formed is
(a) $\mathrm{O}$ - bromoan isole
(b) $\mathrm{P}$ - bromoan isole
(c) Benzyl bromide
(d) Bromo benzene
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{P}$ - bromoan isole
Question 123 .
Anisole reacts with methyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous $\mathrm{AICI}_3$ and $\mathrm{CS}_2$ to give
(a) 2-methoxy toluene
(b) 4 - methoxy toluene
(c) either (a) or (b)
(d) both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) both (a) and (b)
Question 124 .
Which one of the following is used as a surgical anesthetic agent in surgery?
(a) Ethanol
(b) Ethoxy ethane
(c) Methoxy ethane
(d) Methoxy propane
Answer:
(b) Ethoxy ethane
Question 125.
Which one of the following is a precursor to the synthesis of perfumes and insecticide pheromones?
(a) Phenol
(b) Benzyl alcohol
(c) Anisole
(d) Diethyl ether
Answer:
(c) Anisole
Question 126.
Among the alkenes which one produces tertiary butyl alcohol on acid hydration?
(a) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{C} \mathrm{CH}_2$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_3$

(c) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_2$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_2$
Answer:
(a) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{C} \mathrm{CH}_2$
Question 127.
An ether is more volatile than an alcohol having the same molecular formula. This is due to
(a) dipolar character of ethers
(b) alcohols having resonance structures
(c) inter molecular hydrogen bonding in ethers
(d) inter molecular hydrogen bonding in alcohols
Answer:
(d) inter molecular hydrogen bonding in alcohols
Question 128.
An organic compound $\mathrm{A}$ containing $\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H}$ and $\mathrm{O}$ has a pleasant odour. On boiling A with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$, a colourless gas is produced which decolourises bromine water and alkaline $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$. The organic liquid A is
(a) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{COOCH}_3$
(b) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{HOH}$
(c) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CI}$
(d) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{HOH}$
Question 129.
Chloroethane reacts with $\mathrm{X}$ to form diethyl ether. What is $\mathrm{X}$ ?
(a) $\mathrm{NaOH}$
(b) $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$
(c) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{ONa}$
(d) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{Cl}$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{ONa}$

Question 130 .
In the following sequence of reactions,
$
\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH} \stackrel{\mathrm{P}+\mathrm{I}_2}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{A} \stackrel{\mathrm{Mg} \text { / ether }}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{B} \stackrel{\mathrm{HCHO}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{C} \stackrel{\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{D}
$
the compound $\mathrm{D}$ is
(a) Butanal
(b) n-butyl alcohol
(c) propan $-1-\mathrm{ol}$
(d) Propanal
Answer:
(c) propan $-1-\mathrm{ol}$
Question 131.
Propan - $1-\mathrm{ol}$ and Propan $-2-\mathrm{ol}$ can be chemically distinguished by which reagent?
(a) $\mathrm{PCI}_5$
(b) Reduction
(c) Oxidation with $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 0_7$
(d) Ozonolysis
Answer:
(c) Oxidation with $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 0_7$

Question 132.
Phenol can be distinguished from ethanol by the following reagents except
(a) Sodium
(b) $\mathrm{NaOH} / \mathrm{I}_2$
(c) $\mathrm{Neutral} \mathrm{FeCl}_3$
(d) $\mathrm{Br}_2 / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
Answer:
(a) Sodium
Question 133.
in cold countries, ethylene glycol is added to water in the radiators to
(a) bring down the specific heat of water
(b) lower the viscosity
(c) reduce the viscosity
(d) make water a better lubricant
Answer:
(a) bring down the specific heat of water
(i.e.) lowering down the freezing point of water.
Question 134.
Main constituent of dynamite is
(a) nitro benzene
(b) nitro glycerine
(c) Picric acid
(d) $\mathrm{TNT}$
Answer:
(b) nitro glycerine
Question 135.
Diethyl ether finds use in medicine as
(a) a pain killer
(b) a hypnotic
(c) an antiseptic
(d) an anaesthetic
Answer:
(d) an anaesthetic
Question 136.
Benzene diazonium chloride on reaction with phenol in weakly basic medium gives
(a) Diphenyl ether
(b) $\mathrm{P}$ - hydroxy azo benzene
(c) Chlorobenzene
(d) Benzene
Answer:
(b) P-hydroxy azo benzene

Question 137.
The alcohol that produces turbidity immediately with $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2+\mathrm{Conc} \mathrm{HCl}$ at room temperature is
(a) Rutan-1-ol
(b) Butan-2-ol
(c) 2-methyl-propan-1-ol
(d) 2-methyl-propan-2-ol
Answer:
(d) 2-methyl-propan-2-ol

Question 138.
Propanone is the product obtained by dehydrogenation of
(a) Propan-2-ol
(b) Propan $-1-$ ol
(c) Propanal
(d) $\mathrm{n}$-propyl alcohol
Answer:
(a) Propan $-2-\mathrm{ol}$
Question 139.
Which of the following statement is correct?
(a) Phenol is less acidic than ethanol
(b) Phenol is more acidic than ethanol
(c) Phenol is more acidic than carboxylic acid
(d) Phenol is less acidic than carboxylic acid
Answer:
(b) Phenol is more acidic than ethanol
Question 140.
The reaction of ethylene glycol with $\mathrm{Pl}_3$ gives
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CHI}$
(b) $\mathrm{ICH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{I}$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}_2$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}$
Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CHI}$

Question 141.
During dehydration of alcohols to alkenes by heating with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$, the initiation step is
(a) protonatlon of alcohol
(b) formation of carbocation
(c) elimination of water
(d) formation of carbanion
Answer:
(a) protonatlon of alcohol
Question 142.
Sodium phenoxide reacts with $\mathrm{CO}_2$ at $400 \mathrm{~K}$ and $4-7$ bar pressure to give
(a) Sodium salicylate
(b) Salicylaldehyde
(c) Cate chol
(d) Pyrogallol
Answer:
(a) Sodium salicylate
Question 143.
The reaction of $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$ with Cone. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ does not give
(a) Ethylene
(b) Diethyl ether
(c) Acetylene
(d) Ethyl hydrogen sulphate
Answer:
(c) Acetylene

Question 144 .
Which of the following gives ketone on oxidation?
(a) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{COH}$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$

Answer:

Question 145.
Phenol is treated with $\mathrm{Br}_2 / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ and shaken well. The white precipitate formed during the process is
(a) $\mathrm{m}$-bromo phenol
(b) 2,4-dibromo phenol
(c) 2,4,6-tribromo phenol
(d) 1,2 -dibromo benzene
Answer:
(c) 2,4,6-tribromo phenol
Question 146.
Which compound has the highest boiling point?
(a) Acetone
(b) Diethyl ether
(c) Methanol
(d) Ethanol
Answer:
(d) Ethanol
Question 147.
When phenol reacts with $\mathrm{NH}_3$ in the presence of $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$ at $300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, it gives
(a) $1^{\circ}$ amine
(b) $2^{\circ}$ amine
(c) $3^{\circ}$ amine
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer:
(a) $1^{\circ}$ amine
Question 148 .
Azo dyes are prepared from
(a) Aniline + Phenol
(b) Phenol + Phthalic anhydride
(c) Phenol + Benzene diazonium chloride
(d) Aniline + Phthalic anhydride
Answer:
(c) Phenol + Benzene diazonium chloride

Question 149.
A compound that easily undergoes bromination is
(a) Phenol
(b) Toluene
(c) Benzene
(d) Diethyl ether
Answer:
(a) Phenol
Question 150 .
When glycerol is treated with $\mathrm{P}_2 \mathrm{O}_5$ (or) $\mathrm{KHSO}_4$ the product formed is
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_3$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CHO}$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CH}_2$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CHO}$
Question 151.
The ether that undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions is
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5$
(b) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3$
(c) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3$
Question 152 .
With anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$, ethylene glycol gives
(a) Formaldehyde
(b) Acetylene
(c) Acetaldehyde
(d) Dioxan
Answer:
(c) Acetaldehyde
Question 153.
Fats on alkaline hydrolysis give
(a) Oil + Soap
(b) Soap + Glycol
(c) Soap + Ester
(d) Soap + Glycerol
Answer:
(d) Soap + Glycerol

Question 154.
$\mathrm{A} \stackrel{\mathrm{Cu} / 573 \mathrm{~K}}{\longleftarrow} \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH} \stackrel{\mathrm{Al}_2 \mathrm{O}_3 / \Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{R}$
B. in this reaction $A$ and $B$ are respectively
(a) Alkene, Alkyne
(b) Alkanal, Alkene
(c) Alkyne, Alkanal
(d) Alkyne, Alkene
Answer:
(b) Alkanal, Alkene
Question 155.
Oxygen atom in ether is
(a) very active
(b) replacable
(c) comparatively inert
(d) less active
Answer:
(c) comparatively inert
Question 156.
Chlorination of toluene in the presence of light and heat followed by treatment with aqueous $\mathrm{NaOH}$ gives
(a) $\mathrm{O}-$ cresol
(b) $\mathrm{P}$ - cresol
(c) Phioroglucinol
(d) Benzyl alcohol
Answer:
(c) Phioroglucinol
Question 157.
Primary alcohols can be obtained from the reaction of $\mathrm{RMgX}$ with
(a) $\mathrm{CO}_2$
(b) $\mathrm{HCHO}$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CHO}$
(d) $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{HCHO}$

Question 158.
The dehydration of alcohol is an example of
(a) Bimolecular elimination reaction
(b) Nucleophilic substitution reaction
(c) Unimolecular elimination reaction
(d) internal substitution reaction
Answer:
(c) Unimolecular elimination reaction
Question 159.
Ethanol is converted into Ethoxy ethane
(a) by heating with cone. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $443 \mathrm{~K}$
(b) by heating with conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $413 \mathrm{~K}$
(c) by heating with excess oxygen
(d) by heating with hydrogen
Answer:
(b) by heating with conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $413 \mathrm{~K}$
Question 160.
Which of the following is not the product of dehydration of

Answer:

II. Fill in the blanks
1. Cholesteryl alcohol commonly known as ......................... is an important component in our ........................
2. ......... the storage form of vitamin A, finds application in proper functioning of our eyes.
3. Methanol s used as an ........... solvent.
4. Isopropyl alcohol is used as ........................ for injection.
5. $\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CHOH}$ is called as .................
6. An example of hexahydric alcohol is.. ....................
7. The IUPAC name of glycerol is ...................
8. The TUPAC name of Neopentyl alcohol is ..............
9. The TUPAC name of $\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CHOH}$ is .....................
10. In methanol, the $-\mathrm{OH}$ group attached to ................. hybridised carbon atom.
11. The bond angle $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{OH}$ in methanol is ........................
12. alkyl halides undergo substitution by $\mathrm{SN}^2$ reaction whereas .........................and .......................alkyl halides undergo substitution by $\mathrm{SN}^1$ reaction.
13. Addition of $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ to an unsymmetric alkene in the process of sulphuric acid follows .......................
14. Nucleophilic addition of Grignard reagent to aldehydes/ketones take place in the presence ........................ followed by acid hydrolysis gives .
15. With RMgx ...................... gives $1^{\circ}$ alcohol.
16. Butyl Magnesium bromide reacts with propanone to give ............................
17. .......... is used to prepare a secondary alcohol with identical group.
18. Hydroboration yields an ............ product.
19. ...................... is the best reagent to prepare unsaturated alcohol by reduction reaction of carbonyl compound.
20. .......... occurs in natural fats and in long chain fatty acids in form of triglycerides.
21. The alkaline hydrolysis of fats gives glycerol and the reaction is known as ...........................

22. In Lucas test ........... alcohol do not react at room temperature.
23. In Victor Meyer's test no colouration will be observed in case of ..................
24. Alkyl halide formation from primary alcohol follows ................... mechanism.
25. Alkyl halide formation from tertiary alcohol follows ........... mechanism.
26. The reaction between methanol and thionyl chloride in the presence of pyridine follows ................... mechanism.
27. .......... alcohols undergo dehydration by $\mathrm{E}_2$ mechanism whereas alcohols undergo dehydration by $\mathrm{E}_1$ mechanism.
28. To stop the oxidation reaction of alcohol at aldehyde / ketone stage ............ is used as an oxidising agent.
29. In ........ oxidation dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used as an oxidising agent.
30. The fermentation of food consumed by an animal produces ..................

31. The detoxify the alcohol, the liver produces an enzyme called ...................
32. .......... present in the animals act as an oxidising agent and ..................... catalyses the oxidation of toxic alcohol into non-toxic aldehydes.
33. Ethylene glycol, when heated to $773 \mathrm{~K}$, it forms .......................
34. The reagent used to convert ethane 1,2 -diol to ethanal is .................
35. When Ethane - 1,2 -diol is treated with conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$, it forms.. .....................
36. The intermediate product formed when ethylene glycol is treated with periodic acid is ........................
37. The final product formed when glycol reacts with periodic acid is ...................
38. The IUPAC name of Acrolein (or) $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CHO}$ is .....................
39. Oxidation of glycerol with dilute nitric acid gives ............... and ..................
40. Oxidation of glycerol with bismuth nitrate gives .......................
41. Oxidation of glycerol with Fenton's reagent gives. .....................
42. LTA is known as .....................
43. Oxidation of glycerol with acidified $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$ gives. ....................

44. $\mathrm{FeSO}_4+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}_2$ is called .............
45................................ is used as a substitute for petrol under the name and used as fuel for aeroplane.
46. ............................. is used as an anti-freezer in automobile radiators.
47. .................. is used as a sweetening agent in confectionery and beverages.
48 ............................ is used in the manufacture of transparent soap, printing ink and stamp pad ink.
49. Glycerol is used in the manufacture of explosives like and by mixing with ......................
50. Except .................... all other alcohols are weaker acid than water.

51. The electron withdrawing groups such as $-\mathrm{NO}_2,-\mathrm{Cl}$ enhances the acidic nature of phenol especially when they are present at ........................ positions
52. The LUPAC name of hydroxy quinol is ....................
53. The IUPAC name of orcinol is ............
54. The other name of $1,2,3$ - trihydroxy benzene is ...........
55. The reaction of chioro benzene with aqueous $\mathrm{NaOH}$ to give phenol is known as .......................
56. The product formed when benzene diazonium chloride is boiled with hot water is ......................
57. The IUPAC name of curnene is . ..............
58. Phenol is converted to benzene on heating with ............
59. The acetylation and benzoylation of phenol are called ......................
60 . The reagent used in the conversion of phenol to 1,4 -benzo quinone is ........................

61. When phenol is treated with Conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ and Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$, the product formed is .................
62. Phenol reacts with bromine water to give a precipitate of ....................
63. The conversion reaction of phenol to salicylic acid is known as ...........
64. The conversion reaction of phenol into salicylaldehyde is known as ...................
65. The product formed when phenol is treated with phthalic anhydride in the presence of Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ is ...........................
66 ........................... dye is Ibmied when phenol couples with benzene diazonium chloride in an alkalin solution.
67. Phenol gives ..................... colouration with neutral $\mathrm{FeCl}_3$.
68. Phenol formaldehyde is known as.......................

69. The IUPAC name of tertiary butyl methyL ether is known as ......................
70. $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$ is known as ......................
71. The mechanism take place when alkyl halide is treated with alcohol solution of sodiunalkoxide is.... ................................
72. The dipole moment of diethyl ether is. ..................................
73. The reaction take place when ethers are exposed to oxygen is.........................
74. ..................is used as a surgical anesthetic agent in surgery
75. ........................... is used as refrigerant.

Answer:
1. cholesteroL, cell membrane
2. Retinol
3. industrial
4. skin cleanser
5. vinyl alcohol (or) ethenol
6. Sorbitol
7. propan - 1,2,3-tnol,
8. 2,2-ditnethyl propan - $1-$ ol
9. prop $-2-$ en $-1-$ ol
10. $\mathrm{sp}^3$
11. $108.9^{\circ}$
12. $1^{\circ}, 2^{\circ}, 3^{\circ}$
13. Markownikoff's rule
14. dry ether, alcohol
15. formaldehyde, $\mathrm{HCHO}$
16. 2-methyl hexan $-2-$ ol
17. Formate ester
18. Anti-Markownikoft's
19. $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$
20. Glycerol
21. Saoinufucatuib
22. Primary
23. Tertiary alcohol
24. $\mathrm{SN}^2$
25. $\mathrm{SN}^1$
26. $\mathrm{SN}^2$
27. Pnmary, Tertiary
28. pyridinium chlorochromate
29. Swer
30. alcohol
31. alcohol dehydrogenase ALH
32. $\mathrm{NAD}, \mathrm{ADH}$
33. epoxide (or) 1,2-epoxy ethane (or) oxirane
34. dil. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}$ (or) anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$
35. 1,4-dioxane
36. cyclic periodate ester
37. formaldehyde
38. prop - - enal
39. glycenc acid, Tartronic acid
40. Meso oxalic acid
41. glycerose (or) a mixture of glyceraldehyde and dihydroxy acetone
42. Lead tetra acetate

43. Oxalic acid
44. 44. Fenton's reagent
45. Ethanol, Power alcohol
46. Ethylene glycol
47. Glycerol
48. Glycerol
49. dynamite, cordite, china clay
50. Methanol
51. ortho and para
52. 1, 2, 4-trihydroxy benzene
53. 3, 5-dihydroxy toluene
54. Pyrogallol
55. Dows process
56. Phenol
57. 2 - phenyl propane
58. Zinc dust
59. Schotten-Baumann reaction
60. acidified $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$
61. 2,4,6-trinitro phenol (or) Picric acid
62. white, 2,4, 6-tribromo phenol
63. Kolbe's Schmitt reaction
64. Riemer-Tiemann Reaction
65. Phenol phthalein
66. P-hydroxy azo benzene (or) Red orange dye
67. Purple
68. Bakelite
69. 2-methoxy - 2-methyl propane
70. Phenatole (or) Ethoxy benzene
71. $\mathrm{SN}^2$
72. $1.18 \mathrm{D}$
73. auto oxidation
74. Diethyl ether
75. Diethyl ether
III. Match the following Colum - I with Column - II given below.
Question 1.

Answer:
(a) 3412
Question 2 .

Answer:
(a) 2413
Question 3.

Answer:
(c) 4321
Question 4 .

Answer:
(a) 3142
Question 5.

Answer:
(b) 4312
Question 6 .

Answer:
(a) 3142
Question 7.

Answer:
(a) 3142
Question 8.

Answer:
(a) 2341
Question 9.

Answer:
(a) 3412
Question 10 .

Answer:
(a) 2341
Question 11 .

Answer:
(a) 3142
Question 12 .

Answer:
(a) 2341
Question 13.

Answer:
(a) 2341
Question 14.

Answer:
(a) 4123
Question 15 .

Answer:
(a) 3142
Question 16.

Answer:
(a) 4123
Question 17.

Answer:
(a) 4312
IV. Assertion and reasons.
Question 1.
Assertion(A): $\mathrm{P}$ - nitro phenol is having lower $\mathrm{pK}_{\mathrm{a}}$ value than phenol.
Reason (R): The electron with drawing group $-\mathrm{NO}_2$ at para position enhances the acidic nature.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b)BothAand Rare wrong
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
(d) $A$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 2.
Assertion(A): Alcohols cannot be used as solvent for Grignard reagent.
Reason (R): Alcohols are decomposed by Grignard reagents to give alkane.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(c) $A$ is wrong but $R$ is correct
(d) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 3.
Assertion(A): Phenols are soluble in alcohols.
Reason (R): Phenols are soluble in alcohol due to the formation of inter molecular hydrogen bonding.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are wrong .
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 4.
Assertion(A): Phenol is insoluble in $\mathrm{NaHCO}_3$ solution but acetic acid is soluble.
Reason (R): Phenols are weakly acidic and hence they dissolve only in strong base and insoluble in weak base

like $\mathrm{NaHCO}_3$. But acetic acid is a stronger acid than phenol and so it is soluble in weak base $\mathrm{NaHCO}_3$.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and are correct
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 5 .
Assertion(A): Glycol is more viscous than ethanol.
Reason (R): Glycol contains two hydroxyl groups and the inter molecular hydrogen bonding is made much stronger resulting in a polymeric structure. This leads to high viscosity than ethanol.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $A$ and are correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$.
(c) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 6.
Assertion(A): Ethanol is a weaker acid than Phenol.
Reason (R): Sodium ethoxidc may be prepared by the reaction of ethanol with sodium metal but phenol reacts with $\mathrm{NaOH}$.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $A$ is wrong but $R$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Question 7.
Assertion(A): Both alcohol and ether have higher boiling point.
Reason (R): Both are having intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $A$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are wrong
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are wrong
Question 8 .
Assertion(A): Bond angle in ethers is slightly less than the tetra hedral angle.
Reason (R): There is a repulsion between the two bulkier $R$ groups.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and arc wrong
(c) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
Answer:
(c) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.

Question 9.
Assertion(A): P-nitro phenol is a stronger acid than o-nitro phenol.
Reason (R): Intra molecular hydrogen bonding in o-nitro phenol make it as a weaker acid.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and are wrong
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 10.
Assertion(A): Phenol is more reactive towards electrophilic substitution reaction.
Reason (R): In the case of phenol, the intermediate carbo cations is more resonance stabilized.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and are wrong
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 11.
Assertion(A): Phenol forms 2, 4, 6-tribromo phenol on treatment with $\mathrm{Br}_2$ in $\mathrm{CS}_2$ at $273 \mathrm{~K}$.
Reason (R): Bromine polarizes in $\mathrm{CS}_2$.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and are incorrect
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and are incorrect
Question 12.
Assertion(A): Phenol is more acidic than ethanol.
Reason (R): Phenoxide ion is more stable than ethoxide due to resonance.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $A$ is wrong but $R$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.

Question 13.
Assertion(A): Boiling point of ethanol is higher in comparison to methoxy methane.
Reason (R): Ethanol is associated with inter molecular hydroxide bonding whereas in methoxy methane, inter molecular hydrogen bonding is not present.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$.
(c) Both $A$ and $R$ are not correct
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 14.
Assertion(A): $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3$ on reaction with $\mathrm{HI}$ gives $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{OH}$ and $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{I}$ as the main products and not $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{OH}$ and $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{I}$.
Reason (R): $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{C}+$ (Tertiary carbo cation) is more stable and reacts with $\mathrm{HI}$ to form $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{I}$ as main product.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and are wrong
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 15 .
Assertion $(\mathrm{A})$ : The bond angle $(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H})$ in methanol is reduced to $108.9^{\circ}$ from the regular tetra hedral bond angle of $109.5^{\circ}$
Reason (R): In methanol, two lone pairs of electrons are present in oxygen atom and due to lone pair -lone pair repulsion, the bond angle is reduced.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.

Question 16.
Assertion(A): $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$ is the best reagent to prepare unsaturated alcohols from carbonyl compounds.
Reason (R): $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$ does not reduce the carbon - carbon double bond present in the carbonyl carbon compound.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(c) $A$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 17.
Assertion(A): Primary alcohols are more acidic than tertiary alcohol.
Reason (R): Alkyl groups (electron releasing group) increases the electron density on oxygen and decreases the polar nature of $-\mathrm{OH}$ bond. Hence it results in the decrease in acidity.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are not correct
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 18.
Assertion(A): $P$ - cresol is less acidic than phenol.
Reason (R): Alkyl substituted phenols show a decreased acidity due to the electron releasing + I effect of alkyl group.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$.
(c) Both $A$ and $R$ are wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
Answer:
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 19.
Assertion(A): $\mathrm{O}$ - nitro phenol is slightly soluble in water whereas $\mathrm{P}$ - nitro phenol is more soluble in water.
Reason ( $\mathrm{R}$ : $\mathrm{O}$ - nitro phenol has intra molecular hydrogen bonding whereas $\mathrm{P}$ - nitro phenol has inter molecular hydrogen bonding.
(a) Both A and R are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and are wrong
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wiong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.

Question 20 .
Assertion(A): Inter molecular dehydration of alcohol is not a suitable method of prepare mixed ethers. Reason (R): When a mixture of two different alcohols are used, mixture of different ethers are formed and they are difficult to separate.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$.
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $A$ is wrong but $R$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
2 Mark Questions and Answers
V. Answer the following
Question 1.
Write the molecular formula and IUPAC name of the following compounds.
1. Vinyl alcohol
2. Sorbitol
Answer:
1. Vinyl alcohol $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CHOH}$
IUPAC name: Ethenol
2. Sorbitol
$\mathrm{HO}-\mathrm{CH}_2-(\mathrm{CHOH})_4-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$
IUPAC name : Hexan $-1,2,3,4,5,6$ - hexol
Question 2.
Write the structural formula of the following compounds.
1. Prop $-2-$ en $-1-\mathrm{ol}$
2. Prop $-3-$ en $-1-$ ol
Answer:
1. Prop $-2-$ en $-1-\mathrm{ol}: \mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$
2. Prop $-3-$ en $-1-o I$ :

Question 3.
Write the structural formula of the following compound.
1. Phenyl methanol
2. 2 - methyl - but $-3-$ en $-2-$ ol

Answer:
1. Phenyl methanol: $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$
2. $2-$ methyl - but $-3-$ en $-2-$ ol :

Question 4.
Write the possible isomers for the formula
1. $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$
2. $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$
Answer:
1. $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$
$\left.\begin{array}{l}\text { (a) } \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}: \text { Ethanol } \\ \text { (b) } \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3: \text { Methoxy methane }\end{array}\right\} \begin{aligned} & \text { Functional } \\ & \text { Isomerism }\end{aligned}$
2. $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}:$ Propan $-1-$ ol

(b)

Propan $-1-$ ol
(a) and (b) - Position isomerism
(a) and (c) - Functional isomerism
Question 5.
Explain about the structure of methanol.
Answer:
1. In methanol, one of the $\mathrm{sp}^3$ hybridised orbital of oxygen linearly overlap with the $\mathrm{sp}^3$ hybridised orbital of carbon to form a $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}$, a bond and another $\mathrm{sp}^3$ hybridised orbitai linearly overlap with 1 s orbital of hydrogen atom to form a $\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}$ a bond.

3. The remaining two $\mathrm{sp} 3$ hybridised orbitais of oxygen are occupied by two lone pairs of electrons. Due to the lone pair - lone pair repulsion, the $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}$ bond angle in methanol is reduced to $108.9^{\circ}$ from the regular tetrahedral bond angle of $109.5^{\circ}$.
Question 6.
Convert phenyl magnesium bromide to phenyl methanol (or) How would you prepare phenyl methanol from
Grignard reagent?
Answer:

Question 7.
How will you prepare Butan-2-ol from ethanal? (or) Convert Ethyl Magnesium bromide into 2 - Butanol (or) Starting from acetaldehyde, how would you obtain butan - - ol?
Answer:

Question 8 .
Convert propanone into 2 - methyl - propan - 2-ol.
Answer:

Question 9.
Starting from butyl magnesium bromide, how would you obtain 2 - methyl bexan $-2-$ ol?
Answer:

Question 10 .
What happens when methyl magnesium bromide reacts with ethl methanoate followed by acid hydrolysis?
Answer:

Question 11 .
$\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$ is a best reagent to prepare unsaturated alcohol. Prove it.
Answer:
$\mathrm{LiAIH}_4$ (Lithium Aluminium Hydride) does not reduce the carbon - carbon double bond present in the carbonyl compound and hence it is the best reagent to prepare unsaturated alcohol.

Question 12.
Convert acetone into propan $-2-$ ol.
Answer:

Question 13.
How would you get Benzyl alcohol from Benzoic acid.

Answer:

Question 14.
Starting from ethyl ethanoate, how would you prepare ethanol?
Answer:

Question 15.
How will you prepare $4-$ alkyl - 4 - hydroxy butanoic acid?
Answer:
When two or more functional groups are present in a molecule a less vigorous sodium borohydride is used as a reducing agent to reduce the more reactive group. For example, if a compound contains both carbonyl and carboxyl group, $\mathrm{NaBH}_4$ reduces the carbonyl group.

Question 16.
What is saponification? Explain with equation.
Answer:
The alkaline hydrolysis of fats gives glycerol and soap then the reaction is known as saponification.

Question 17.
What happens when thionyl chloride is treated with methanol?

The above reaction follows $\mathrm{SN}^2$ mechanism in the presence of pyridine.

Question 19.
Explain biological oxidation with an example.
Answer:
Biological oxidation is the fermentation of the food consumed by an animal produces alcohol. To detoxify the alcohol, the liver produces an enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase $(\mathrm{ADH})$. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) present in the animals acts as a oxidising agent and $\mathrm{ADH}$ catalyses the oxidation of toxic alcohols into non-toxic aldehyde.

Question 20 .
What is esterificatloin? Explain with equation.
Answer:
Alcohols react with carboxylic acids in the presence of an acid to give esters. This reaction is known as Esterification.

Question 21.
How would you convert ethylene glycol into ethene?

Answer:

Question 22.
Explain the action of conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ and conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ with ethan - 1,2-diol.
Answer:

Question 23 .
What happens when ethylene glycol is treated with periodic acid?
Answer:
Ethylene glycol on treatment with periodic acid gives formaldehyde. This reaction is selective for vicinal 1,2 diols and it proceeds through a cyclic periodate ester intermediate.

Question 24.
How is glycerol reacts with fuming nitric acid? (or) How would you convert glycerol into nitroglycerine?

Answer:

Question 25.
What happens when conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ or $\mathrm{KHSO}_4$ is heated with glycerol?
Answer:
Dehydration:

Question 26.
Mention the uses of methanol.
Answer:
1. Methanol is used as a solvent for paints, varnishes, shellac, gums, cement, etc.
2. Methanol is used in the manufacture of dyes, drugs, perfumes and formaldehyde.
Question 27.
What are the uses of ethylene glycol?
Answer:
1. Ethylene glycol is used as an antifreeze in automobile radiator
2. Its dinitrate is used as an explosive with DNG.
Question 28.
Write a note about acidity of aliphatic alcohols.
Answer:
1. According to Bronsted theory, an acid is defined as a proton donor and the acid strength is the tendency to give up a proton. Alcohols are similarly acidic when compared with water. Except methanol, all other alcohols are weaker acid than water. The $\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}}$ value for water is $1.8 \times 10^{-16}$ where as for alcohols the $\mathrm{Ka}$ value in the order $10^{-18}$ to $10^{-16}$
2. $2 \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{OH}+2 \mathrm{Na} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{ONa}+\mathrm{H}_2 \uparrow$
This reaction explains the acidic nature of alcohol as it liberates $\mathrm{H}_2$ gas with Na metal.
Question 29.
Alcohol can act as Bronsted base. Prove this statement.
Answer:
Alcohols can also act as a Bronsted bases. It is due to the presence of unshared electron pairs on oxygen which make them to accept proton. So proton acceptor are Bronsted bases. i.e., alcohols are Bronsted bases.

Question 30 .
What are cresols? Give examples.
Answer:
Methyl Phenols are called cresols.
They are

Question 31 .
How is phenol obtained from benzene suiphonic acid?

Answer:

Question 32.
How is Aniline converted into Phenol?
Answer:
Aniline is diazotized with nitrous acid $\left(\mathrm{NaNO}_2+\mathrm{HCI}\right)$ at $273-278 \mathrm{~K}$ to give benzene diazonium chloride which on further treatment with hot water in the presence of mineral acid gives phenol.

Question 33.
How will you convert phenol into benzene?
Answer:
Phenol is converted to benzene on heating with Zinc dust.

Question 34.
What happens when phenol is heated with $\mathrm{NH}_3$ ?
Answer:

Question 35.
What happens when phenol is heated with acidified $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$ ?
Answer:

Question 36.
How is phenol treated with Nickel?
Answer:

Question 37.
$\mathrm{O}$ - nitro phenol is slightly soluble in water where as P-nitro phenol is more soluble. Cive reason.
Answer:
O-nitro phenol is slightly soluble in water and more volatile due to intra molecular hydrogen bonding, whereas Pnitro phenol is more soluble in water and less volatile due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
Question 38 .
Explain Reimer Tiemann reaction.
Answer:
On treating phenol with $\mathrm{CHCl}_3 / \mathrm{NaOH}, \mathrm{a}-\mathrm{CHO}$ group is introduced at ortho position. This reaction proceeds through the formation of substituted benzal chloride intermediate.

Question 39.
How is phenolphthalein prepared from phenol?
Answer:
On heating phenol with phthalic anhydride in presence of con. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$, phenolphthalein is obtained,

Question 40 .
What is Coupling reaction? Give equation.
Answer:
Phenol couples with benzene diazonium chloride in an alkaline solution to form p-hydroxy azobenzene(a red orange dye).

Question 41.
Write a note about the structure of ethereal oxygen.
Answer:
The structure of ethereal oxygen which is attached to two alkyl groups is similar to the structure of - $\mathrm{OH}$ group of alcohol. The oxygen atom is $\mathrm{sp}^3$ hybridized. Two $\mathrm{sp}^3$ hybridized orbitals of oxygen linearly overlap with two $\mathrm{sp}^3$ hybrid orbitais of the carbon which are directly attached to the oxygen forming two $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}^{\prime} \sigma{ }^{\prime}$ bonds.

The $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{C}$ bond angle is slightly greater than the tetrahedral bond angle due to the repulsive interaction between the two bulkier alkyl groups.
Question 42.
Write the structure and common name of
1. Ethoxy benzene
2. Phenoxy benzene
Answer:
1. $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$ : Ethoxy benzene (or) Phenetole (or) Ethyl phenyl ether
2. $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5$ : Phenoxy benzene (or) Diphenyl ether (or) Phenyl ether
Question 43.
What happens when ethanol reacts with conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ Sulphuric acid at $413 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
Answer:
When ethanol reacts with con. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $413 \mathrm{~K}$, inter molecular dehydration take place and diethyl ether is formed as product.

Question 44.
Explain the action of diazomethane with ethanol.
Answer:
Methyl ethers can be prepared when ethanol is treated with diazomethane in presence of fluoro boric acid.

Question 45 .
Ether are miscible with water. Justify this statement.
Answer:
1. Oxygen of ether can also form Hydrogen bond with water and hence they are miscible with water.
2. Ethers dissolve wide range of polar and non-polar substances.

Question 46.
Ether bottle should not be kept open. Why?
Answer:
1. When ether bottle is kept open, they are exposed to atmospheric oxygen and slowly oxidised to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. These are explosive in nature. Such a spontaneous oxidation by atmospheric oxygen is called autooxidation.

Question 47.
Explain the action of hydrogen iodide with anisole (or) methoxy benzene.

Answer:

Question 48 .
What are the uses of anisole?
Answer:
1. Anisole is a precursor to the synthesis of perfumes and insecticide pheromones,
2. It is used as a pharmaceutical agent.
Question 49.
Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses. Explain this fact.
Answer:
Alcohols can form $\mathrm{H}$-bond with water molecules and break the $\mathrm{H}$-bond already existing between the water molecules. Therefore, they are soluble in water.

On the other hand hydrocarbons do not have the ability to form $\mathrm{H}$-bond with water molecules. Hence they are insoluble in water.
Question 50 .
Explain why is ortho nitrophenol more acidic than ortho methoxyphenol?
Answer:
Ortho nitrophenol is more acidic than ortho methoxyphenol because nitro group is an electron withdrawing and it will increase +ve charge on the oxygen atom to make it more acidic whereas $-\mathrm{OCH}_3$ group is an electron releasing group and it will decrease +ve charge on the oxygen atom, thus making it less acidic and hence the $\mathrm{O}$ $\mathrm{H}$ bond will not break easily.
Question 51.
Give reason for the higher boiling point of ethanol in comparison to methoxymethane.
Answer:
Ethanol undergoes intermolecular $\mathrm{H}$-bonding due to the presence of a hydrogen atom attached to the electronegative oxygen atom. As a result, ethanol exists as associated molecules.

Consequently, a large amount of energy is required to break these hydrogen bonds. Therefore, the boiling point of ethanol is higher than that of methoxymethane which does not form $\mathrm{H}$-bonds.
Question 52.
What happens when phenol is treated with jce cold bromine dissolved in $\mathrm{CS}_2$ ?
Answer:

Question 53.
What happens when phenol is treated with excess of nitrating mixture? (Give equation only).
Answer:

Question 54 .
Describe the mechanism by which the hydroxyl group attached to an aromatic ring is more acidic than the hydroxyl group attached to an alkyl group. How does the presence of nitro group in phenol affects its acidic character?
Answer:
1. The reaction of phenol with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution indicates that phenol is a stronger acid than alcohols in water.
2. Because phenoxide ion formed is stabilised by resonance whereas alkoxide ion formed is destabilised by positive inductive effect of alkyl group.
3. Presence of electron withdrawing group such as nitro group enhances the acidic strength of phenol. lt is due to the effective delocalisation of the negative charge in phenoxide ion.
Question 55 .
Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare the acidity of phenol with that of ethanol.
Answer:

3 Mark Questions and Answers
VI. Answer the following questions.
Question 1.
Give one example for each of the following with their structure and IUPAC name.
1. $1^{\circ}$ alcohol
2. $2^{\circ}$ alcohol
3. $3^{\circ}$ alcohol
Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Question 2.
Write the structure of the following compounds.
1. Phenyl methanol
2. 1 - Phenyl ethanol
3. 2 - Phenyl propan $-2-\mathrm{ol}$
Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Question 3 .
Write the structures and IUPAC names of the following compounds.
1. Tertiary butyl alcohol
2. Neopentyl alcohol
3. Isobutyl alcohol
Answer:

$2 \text { - methyl propan - } 2-\text { ol (Tertiary butyl alcohol) }$

$\text { 2,2-dimethyl propan - } 1-\mathrm{ol} \text { (Neopentyl alcohol) }$

2-methyl propan - 1- ol (Isobutyl alcohol)
Question 4.
Draw the structures and write the IUPAC name of the following compounds.
1. Benzyl alcohol
2. Allyl alcohol
3. Cyclohexyl alcohol
Answer:

Phenyl methanol (Benzyl alcohol)
2. $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$ Prop $-2-\mathrm{en}-1-\mathrm{ol}$ (Allyl alcohol)

Cyclo hexanol (Cyclohexyl alcohol)
Question 5.
Describe Lucas test used to distinguish Primary, Secondary and Tertiary alcohols.
Answer:
When alcohols are treated with Lucas agent (conc. $\mathrm{HCI}+$ anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$ ) at room temperature, tertiary alcohols react immediately to form a turbidity due to the formation of alkyl chloride which is insoluble in the medium. Secondary alcohols react within 10 minutes to form a turbidity of alkyl chloride where primary alcohols do not react at room temperature.

Question 6.
Explain the mechanism of the reaction of alkyl halide formation from primary alcohol.

Answer:

Question 7.
Explain $\mathrm{SN}^1$ mechanism of Tertiary alcohols reaction with $\mathrm{HBr}$.
Answer:

Question 8.
Explain the mechanism involved in the reaction of phosphorous trichloride with Ethanol. $\mathrm{SN}^2$ reaction of Ethanol with $\mathrm{PCl}_3$
Answer:

Question 9.
Describe Saytzeff's rule with example.
Answer:
1. During intramolecular dehydration, if there is a possibility to form a carbon-carbon double bond at different locations, the preferred location is the one that gives the more (highly) substituted alkene i.e., the stable alkene.
2. For example, the dehydration of 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol gives a mixture of alkenes. The secondary carbocation formed in this reaction undergoes rearrangement to form a more stable tertiary carbocation.

Question 10 .
Explain the following reactions.

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Question 11.
Explain about catalytic dehydrogenation of $1^0, 2^0$ and $3^0$ alcohols

Answer:

Question 12.
Describe about the oxidation reaction of ethylene glycol with dilute nitric acid.
Answer:
When dilute nitric acid (or) alkaline $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$ is used as the oxidizing agent, the following products are formed.

Question 13.
Explain about the oxidation reaction of Glycerol with different oxidising reagents.
Answer:
1. Oxidation of glycerol with dii. $\mathrm{FINO}_3$ gives glyceric acid and tartronic acid.
2. Oxidation of glycerol with Conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ gives mainly glyceric acid.
3. Oxidation of glycerol with bismuth nitrate gives as meso oxalic acid.
4. Oxidation of glycerol with $\mathrm{Br}_2 / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ (or) $\mathrm{NaOBr}$ (or) Fenton reagent $\left(\mathrm{FeSO}_4+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}_2\right)$
5. gives a mixture of glyceraldehyde and dihydroxy acetone(glycerose).
6. On oxidation with $\mathrm{HIO}_4$ or Lead tetra acetate (LTA) it gives formaldehyde and formic acid.
7. Acidified $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$ oxidises glycerol into oxalicacid.

Question 14.
What are the uses of ethanol.
Answer:
1. Ethanol is used as an important beverage.
2. It is also used in the preparation of
- Paints and varnishes
- Organic compounds like ether, chloroform, iodoform, etc.,
- Dyes, transparent soaps.
3. As a substitute for petrol under the name power alcohol used as fuel for aeroplane.
4. It is used as a preservative for biological specimens.
Question 15.
Mention the uses of Glycerol.
Answer:
1. Glycerol is used as a sweetening agent in confectionery and beverages.
2. It is used in the manufacture of cosmetics and transparent soaps.
3. It is used in making printing inks and stamp pad ink and lubricant for watches and clocks.
4. It is used in the manufacture of explosive like dynamite and cordite by mixing it with china clay.
Question 16.
Compare the acidity of $1^{\circ}, 2^{\circ}$ and $3^{\circ}$ alcohols.
Answer:
1. The acidic nature of the alcohol is due to the polar nature of $\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}$ bond. When an electron withdrawing -I groups such as $-\mathrm{Cl},-\mathrm{F}$ etc... is attached to the carbon bearing the $\mathrm{OH}$ group, it withdraws the electron density towards itself and thereby facilitating the proton donation.
2. In contrast, the electron releasing group such as alkyl group increases the electron density on oxygen and decreases the polar nature of $0-\mathrm{H}$ bond, I lence it results in the decrease in acidity.
3. On moving from primary to secondary and tertiary alcohols, the number of alkyl groups which attached to the carbon bearing $-\mathrm{OH}$ group increases, which results in the following order of acidity.
$1^{\circ}$ alcohol $>2^{\circ}$ alcohol $>3^{\circ}>$ alcohol
For example

Question 17.
What are dihydric phenols? Give three examples.
Answer:
When benzene ring has $2-\mathrm{OH}$ groups, it is called Dihydric phenol.

Question 18.
What are Trihydric phenols. Give example.
Answer:
When $3-\mathrm{OH}$ groups are present in benzene ring, it is called trihydric phenol.

Question 19.
Write the possible isomers for the formula $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$ with their names $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$

Answer:
1. $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}:$ Benzyl alcohol
2. $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_3$ : Anisole

Question 20.
Explain about the bromination of phenol.
Answer:
1. Phenol reacts with bromine water to give a white precipitate of $2,4,6-$ tri bromo phenol.

2. When phenol reacts with $\mathrm{Br}_2$ in the presence of $\mathrm{CS}_2$ or $\mathrm{CCl}_4$ at $278 \mathrm{~K}$. a mixture of ortho and para bromo phenols are formed.

Question 21.
Differentiate phenols from alcohol.
Answer:
Test to differentiate alcohols and phenols:
1. Phenol react with benzene diazonium chloride to form a red orange dye, but ethanol has no reaction with it.
2. Phenol gives purple colouration with neutral feme chloride solution, alcohols do not give such coloration with $\mathrm{FeCI}_3$
3. Phenol reacts with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ to give sodium phenoxide. Ethyl alcohol does not react with $\mathrm{NaOH}$
Question 22.
What are the uses of phenol?
Answer:
1. About half of world production of phenol is used for making phenol formaldehyde resin. (Bakel ite).
2. Phenol is a starting material for the preparation of
- drugs such as phenacetin, Salol, aspirin, etc.
- phenolphthalein indicator.
- explosive like picric acid.
3. It is used as an antiseptic - carbolic lotion and carbolic soaps.
Question 23.
Write the structure formula and IUPAC name of the following.
1. $\mathrm{n}$ - heptyl phenyl ether
2. Isopentyl phenyl ether
3. Dimethyl glycolate
Answer:

Question 24 .
ExplaIn about the mechanism of intermolecular dehydration of ethanol with conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $413 \mathrm{~K}$.
Answer:
When ethanol reacts with conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $413 \mathrm{~K}$, inter molecular dehydration takes place and the product formed is Ethoxy ethane.
Mechanism:

Question 25 .
Explain about the mechanism involved in Williamson's synthesis.
Answer:
When an alkyl halide is heated with an alcoholic solution of sodium alkoxide, the corresponding ether is formed. This reaction involves $\mathrm{SN}^2$ mechanism.

Mechanism:

Question 26.
Explain the mechanism involved in the reaction between Tertiary alkyl halide and primary alkoxide with eample.

Answer:
When tertiary alkyl halide reacts with primary alkoxide, elimination dominates and succeeds over substitution to form an alkene.

Question 27.
Explain about the reaction mechanism of methoxy ethane with $\mathrm{HI}$.
Answer:
Ethers can undergo nucleophilic substitútion reactions with $\mathrm{HI}$.

Ethers having primary alkyl group undergo $\mathrm{SN}^2$ reaction whereas tertiary alkyl ether undergo $\mathrm{SN}^1$ reaction. Protonation of ether is followed by the attack of halide ion. The halide ion preferentially attacks the less sterically hindered of the two alkyl groups which are attached etherial oxygen.

Question 28.
What are the uses of diethyl ether.
Answer:
1. Diethyl ether is used as a surgical anesthetic agent in surgery.
2. It is a good solvent for organic reactions and extraction.
3. It is used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel and gasoline engine.
4. It is used as a refrigerant.
Question 29.
Classify the following as primary secondary and tertiary alcohols.

(i)

(ii) $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$
(iii) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{OH}$

(iv)

(v)

(vi)

Answer:

Primary alcohols:
(i)

(ii) $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$
(iii) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{OH}$
Secondary alcohols:

(iv)

(v)

Tertiary alcohols:

(vi)

Question 30 .
Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system.
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 31.
Show how are the following alcohols prepared by the reaction of a suitable Grignard reagent on methanal?

(i)

(ii)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

Question 32 .
You are given benzene, conc $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ and $\mathrm{NaOH}$. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol using these reagents.
Answer:

Question 33.
How will you convert ethanol to acetone?

Answer:

Question 34 .
How are the following conversions carried out?
1. Phenol to Toluene
2. Ethanol to 1,1-dichloroethane.

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

Question 35 .
How are the following conversions carried out? (Write the reactions and conditions in each case):
1. Ethanol to 2 - propanol
2. Phenol to Acetophenone
Answer:

(i)

(ii)

5 Mark Questions and Answers
II. Answer the following questions.
Question 1.
Explain Victor Meyer's test used to distinguish $1^{\circ}, 2^{\circ}$ and $3^{\circ}$ alcohols.
Answer:
Victor Meyer's test :
This test is based on the behaviour of nitro alkanes formed by the three types of alcohols with nitrous acid and it consists of the following steps.
1. Alcohols are converted into alkyl iodide by treating with $\mathrm{I}_2 / \mathrm{P}$.
2. Alkyl iodides so formed is then treated with $\mathrm{AgNO}_2$ to form nitro alkane.
3. Nitro alkanes are finally treated with $\mathrm{HNO}_2$ (mixture of $\mathrm{NaNO}_2 / \mathrm{HCl}$ ) and the resultant solution is made alkaline with $\mathrm{KOH}$.
Result:
1. Primary alcohol gives red colour
2. Secondary alcohol gives blue colour.
3. No colouration will be observed in tertiary alcohol.
$1^{\circ}$ alcohol:

$2^{\circ}$ alcohol:

$3^{\circ}$ alcohol:

Question 2.
Write the possible isomers for the formula $\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}$, write their IUPAC names and structures.
Answer:
$\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}-7$ Isomers

Question 3.
Explain about mechanism involved in the dehydration of tertiary alcohols.
Answer:
Tertiary alcohols undergo dehydration by $\mathrm{E}_1$ mechanism. It involves the formation of a carbocation.
Step 1:

Step 2:
Dissociation of oxonium ion to form a carbocation

Step 3:
Deprotonation of carbocation to form an alkene

Question 4.
Explain about the various dehydration reactions of ethylene glycol.
Answer:
Ethylene glycol undergoes dehydration reaction under different conditions to form different products.
1. When ethylene glycol is heated to $773 \mathrm{~K}$, it forms epoxides.

2. When heated with dilute sulphuric acid (or) anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$ under pressure in a sealed tube, it gives acetaldehyde.

3. When distilled with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$, glycol forms 1,4 - dioxane

Question 5 .
Explain the following reactions.
1. Schotten-Baumann reaction
2. Kolbe's reaction
3. Reimer - Tiemann reaction
Answer:
1. Schotten-Baumann reaction:

2. Kolbe's reaction:

3. Reimer - Tiemann reaction.

Question 6.
Describe the following electrophilic substitution reaction using phenol.
1. Nitrosation
2. Nitration
3. Sulphonation
Answer:
1. Nitrosation:
Phenol can be readily nitrosoated at low temperature with nitrous acid.

2. Nitration:
Phenol can be nitrated using $20 \%$ nitric acid at room temperature, a mixture of ortho and para nitro phenols are formed.

$\text { 3. Phenol when treated with Conc. } \mathrm{HNO}_3 \text { and Conc. } \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 \text {, picric acid is formed. }$

4. Sulphonation:
Phenol when reacts with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $280 \mathrm{~K}$, o-phenol suiphonic acid is formed as major product. But when the reaction is carried out at $313 \mathrm{~K}$, the major product is $\mathrm{p}$ - phenol suiphonic acid.

Question 7.
What happens when diethyl ether reacts with following reagents.
1. excess $\mathrm{O}_2$
2. $\mathrm{Cl}_2 /$ light
3. $\mathrm{PCI}_5$
4. dil. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
5. $\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{COCI} /$ Anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCI}_2$.
Answer:
Auto - oxidation:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 8.
Explain the aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions of anisole with equations. Aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions:
Answer:
1. Halogenation:

2. Nitration.

3. Friedel Craft's alkylation.

4. Friedel Craft's acylation.

Question 9.
Starting from phenol, how would you prepare the following compounds.
1. Benzene
2. Aniline
3. Anisole
4. 1, 4, benzoqulnone
5. Cyclohexanol

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 10 .
A compound 'A' with molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}$ is unreactive towards sodium metal. it does not add Bromine water and does not react with $\mathrm{NaHSO}_3$ solution. On refluxing ' $\mathrm{A}$ ' with excess of $\mathrm{HI}$, it gives ' $\mathrm{B}$ ' which reacts with aqueous $\mathrm{NaOH}$ to form ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' can be converted into ' $\mathrm{B}$ ' by reacting with red $\mathrm{P}$ and $\mathrm{I}_3$. ' $\mathrm{C}$, on treating with conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ forms ' $\mathrm{D}$ '. 'D' decolounses bromine water. Identify $\mathrm{A}$ to $\mathrm{D}$ and write the reactions involved.
Answer:
' $\mathrm{A}$ ' is not an alcohol therefore it does not react with sodium metal. ' $\mathrm{A}$ ' is also not an aldehyde or a ketone as it does not react with NaHSO3. 'A' is not an unsaturated hydrocarbon as it does not add $\mathrm{Br}_2(\mathrm{aq})$. So, it is likely to
be a ether.

Question 11 .
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$ on reaction with conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $443 \mathrm{~K}$ gives an unsaturated hydrocarbon (B). (B) on reaction with Baeyer's reagent produces (C) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}_2$. (C) on reaction with anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCI}_2$ produces (D) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_4 \mathrm{O}$. (D) reduces Tollen's reagent. Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}$ and $\mathrm{D}$ and explain the reactions involved.
Answer:
1. An organic compound (A) reacts with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $443 \mathrm{~K}$ produces ethene by intermolecular dehydration.
So, (A) is ethanol $-\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}$.

2. Ethene on reaction with Baeyer's reagent (cold, dilute alkaline $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$ ) produces ethylene glycol as product (C).

3. Ethylene glycol on reaction with anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCI}_2$ dehydration and tautomerisation take place to give actaldehyde as product (D).

Question 12 .
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$ liberates $\mathrm{H}_2$ gas with metallic sodium and gives (B). (B) on reaction with methyl bromide produces (C) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$. (C) on reaction with excess III produces (D) and (E). Identify A, B, C, D and E and explain the reactions involved.
Answer:
1. An organic compound (A) reacts with $\mathrm{Na}$ metal and liberates $\mathrm{H}_2$ gas means it must be an alcohol. From the molecular formula it is identified as ethanol $-\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}(\mathrm{A})$.
2. Ethanol on reaction with $\mathrm{Na}$ metal to produce sodium ethoxide as (B) with liberation of $\mathrm{H}_2$ gas.

3. Sodium ethoxide on reaction methyl bromide undergo Williamson's synthesis to produce methoxy ethane as (C)

4. Methoxy ethane on reaction with excess $\mathrm{HI}$ will give Ethyl iodide and Methyl iodide as (D) and (E).

Question 13.
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{CH}_4 \mathrm{O}$ on mild oxidation gives (B) of formula $\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{O}$ that reduces tollen's reagent. (B) on reaction with methyl magnesium bromide followed by acid hydrolysis will give (C) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$ which liberates $\mathrm{H}_2$ gas with metallic sodium. Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}$ and explain the reactions involved.
Answer:
1. (A) is identified from the molecular formula as methanol $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{OH}\right)$.
2. $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{OH}$ - methanol on mild oxidation will give formaldehyde as (B). Aldehydes reduce Tollen's reagent to silver mirror. So, (B) is $\mathrm{HCHO}$ (methanal)

3. Formaldehyde reacts with $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{MgBr}$, followed by acid hydrolysis produces primary alcohol and (C) is identified from the formula as $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}-$ Ethanol. Ethanol liberates $\mathrm{H}_2$ gas with metallic sodium.

Question 14 .
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$ reacts with metallic Na and liberates $\mathrm{H}_2$ gas. (A) on mild oxidation with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ gives (B) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_4 \mathrm{O}$. (B) on reaction with methyl magnesium bromide followed by acid hydrolysis gives (C) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{O}$. (C) gives Blue colour in Victor Meyer's test. (C) on mild oxidation with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ gives (D) of formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$. identify A, B, C, D and explain the reactions.
Answer:
1. An organic compound (A) reacts with $\mathrm{Na}$ metal and liberates $\mathrm{H}_2$ gas means it must be alcohol. From the molecular formula it is identified as Ethanol $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH}\right)$.
2. Ethanol on oxidation with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ undergoes catalytic dehydrogenation and produces Acetaldehyde as product (B).

3. Acetaldehyde on reaction with $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{MgBr}$ followed by hydrolysis will give Isopropyl alcohol as (C).

4. Propan -2 - ol is secondary alcohol and so it gives blue colour in Victor Meyer's test. (C) on reaction with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ will give Propanone as (D).

Question 15 .
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$ gives blue colour in Victor Meyer's test. (A) on reaction with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ gives (B) which further reacts with Methyl magnesium bromide followed by acid hydrolysis yields (C) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}$. (C) on reaction with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ gives (D) of formula $\mathrm{C} 4 \mathrm{H} 8$. Identify A, B, C, D and explain the reactions involved.
Answer:
1. An organic compound gives blue colour in Victor Meyer's test means it must be a secondary alcohol. From the formula, it is identified as

2. Propan $-2-$ ol on reaction with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ gives Propanone as (B).

3. Propanone on treatment with $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{MgBr}$ followed by acid hydrolysis will yield Tertiary butyl alcohol

4. Tertiary butyl alcohol on reaction with copper at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ undergoes dehydration reaction to

Question 16.
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_6$ on reaction with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ and $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ gives $\mathrm{ClH}_5 \mathrm{O}$ as (B) as a MarkownikoWs product. (B) on oxidation with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ gives (C) of formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$. (C) on reaction with $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{MgBr}$ followed by acid hydrolysis yields (D) as $\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}$ which will not give any colour in Victor Meyer's test. Identify A, B, C, D and explain the reactions involved.
Answer:
1. An organic compound (A) is identified from the molecular formula as $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_2$ propene.
2. Propene on hydrolysis in acid medium, Markownikoff's rule is followed and the product formed is

3. Propan $-2-\mathrm{ol}$ on reaction with $\mathrm{Cu}$ at $573 \mathrm{~K}$ undergoes dehydrogenation reaction to produce Propanone as (C). $\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_2 \quad \mathrm{Cu}$

4. Propanone on reaction with $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{MgBr}$ followed by acid hydrolysis gives tertiary butyl alcohol (D). It will not give any colouration in Victor Meyer's test.

Question 17.
An aromatic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{Cl}$ on reaction with aqueous $\mathrm{NaOH}$ gives (B) of formula $\mathrm{C} 6 \mathrm{H} 60$ that give violet colouration with neutral $\mathrm{FeCI}_3$. (B) on reaction with ammonia in presence of anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCI}_2$ gives $(\mathrm{C})$ of formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{~N}$. Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}$ and explain the reactions.
Answer:
1. An aromatic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{Cl}$ is identified as chioro benzene.
2. Chioro benzene on reaction with aqueous $\mathrm{NaOH}$ produces phenol as (B).

3. Phenol gives violet colour with neutral $\mathrm{FeCl}_3$. Phenol on treated with $\mathrm{NH}_3$ in the presence of anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$ gives Aniline as (C).

Question 18 .
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$ gives white precipitate with bromine water. (A) on reaction with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ gives (B). (B) reacts with methyl iodide in presence of dry ether gives (C) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$ which will not liberate $\mathrm{H}_2$ gas with metallic $\mathrm{Na}$. (C) on reaction with acetvl chloride gives (D) and (E) of formula which are position isomers. Identify A, B, C, D \& E and explain the reaction.
Answer:
1. An organic compound gives white precipitate with bromine water means it must be a phenol. From the molecular formula it is identified as $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$.
2. Phenol on reaction with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ gives $(\mathrm{B})$ as sodium phenoxide $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{ONa}$.

3. Sodium phenoxide on reaction with methyl iodide in the pressure of dry ether undergo Williamsons synthesis and gives Anisole as (C).

4. Anisole on reaction with acetyl chloride undergoes Fnedel Craft's acetylation and yield $\mathrm{O}-$ methoxy acetophenone and p-methoxy acetophenone as (D) and (E).

Question 19.
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CI}$ on reaction with aqueous $\mathrm{NaOH}$ gives (B) of formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$. (B) on reaction with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ gives (C) of formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{ONa}$. (C) on treatment with $\mathrm{CO}_2$, followed by acid hydrolysis yield (D) of formula $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}_3$ an aromatic hydroxy acid. Identify A, B, C, D and explain the reactions involved.
Answer:
1. (A) is identified from the formula as $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CI}$ - Chloro benzene.
2. Chloro benzene on treatment with aqueous $\mathrm{NaOH}$ yeilds $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}-$ phenol as (B).
3. Phenol on reaction with $\mathrm{NaOH}$ produces sodium phenoxide $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{ONa}$ as (C).
4. Sodium phenoxide on reaction with $\mathrm{CO}_2$, followed acid hydrolysis, Kolbe's reaction takes place to give Salicylic acid as (D).

Question 20.
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{HN}_2 \mathrm{Cl}$ on boiling with hot water gives (B) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$. (B) on reaction with Zinc dust gives (C) a simplest aromatic hydrocarbon. (C) on reaction with methyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous $\mathrm{AICI}_2$ gives (D) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_8$. Identify A, B, C, D and explain the reaction.
Answer:
1. (A) is identified from the formula as Benzene diazonium chloride $-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{Cl}$.
2. Benzene diazonium chloride when boiled with hot water produces phenol as (B).

3. Phenol on reaction with Zinc dust gives Benzene as (C) which is simplest aromatic hydrocarbon.

4. Benzene on treatment with (C) methyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous $\mathrm{AlCl}_3$, Friedel Crafts reaction take place and the product formed is Toluene as (D).

Question 21.
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$ gives violet colour with neutral $\mathrm{FeCI}_3$. (A) reacts benzene diazoniurn chloride in basic medium to give (B) as an azo dye. (A) reacts with acidified $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$ gives (C) of formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_4 \mathrm{O}_2$. (A) on reaction with $\mathrm{H}_2$ in the presence of nickel gives (D) of formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}$. Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}, \mathrm{D}$ and explain the reaction involved.

Answer:
1. (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$ gives violet colour with neutral $\mathrm{FeCI}_3$ means it must be $\mathrm{Phenol}-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$.
2. Phenol couples with benzene diazonium chloride in the presence of basic medium to produce p-hydroxy azo benzene, a red orange dye as $(B)$.

$\text { 3. Phenol on reaction with acidified } \mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7 \text { undergoes oxidation reaction to give } 1,4 \text { - benzo quinone as ( } \mathrm{C} \text { ). }$

$\text { 4. Phenol on reaction with } \mathrm{H}_2 \text {, in the presence of Nickel gives cyclohexanol as (D). }$

Question 22.
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6$ reacts with propylene in the presence of $\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_4$ at $532 \mathrm{~K}$ gives (B) of formula $\mathrm{C}_9 \mathrm{H}_{12}$. (B)on air oxidation gives $\mathrm{C}_9 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_2$ as (C). (C) on acidification with $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ gives (D) of formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$ and (E) of formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$. Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}, \mathrm{D}$ and $\mathrm{E}$ and explain the reactions.
Answer:
1. (A) is identified as benzene from the molecular formula.
2. Benzene reacts with propylene in the presence of $\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_4$ gives cumene as (B).

3. Cumene on air oxidation produces cumene hydroperoxide as (C).

$\text { 4. Cumene hydroperoxide on treatement with } \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 \text { yield phenol as (D) and acetone as (E). }$

Question 23.
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{O}$ reacts $\mathrm{P} / \mathrm{I}_2$ gives $(\mathrm{B}$ ) which on further reaction with silver nitrite gives (C) of formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NO}_2$. (C) on treatment with nitrous acid yield (D) of formula $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_4 \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O}_3$. (D) on reaction with $\mathrm{KOH}$ give red color product (E). Identify A, B, C, D and E. From the final product (E) red colour product, it is identified these reactions are the reactions of primary alcohols in Victor Meyer's test.
Answer:

Question 24.
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{HO}$ on reaction $\mathrm{P} / \mathrm{I}_2$ gives $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{I}$ as (B). (B) on reaction with $\mathrm{AgNO}_2$ produces (C) with formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{NO}_2$. (C) on reaction with nitrous acid gives (D) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O}_3$. (D) on reaction with $\mathrm{KOH}$ produces blue colour. Identify A, B. C, D and explain the reaction.
Answer:
From the final colour blue, this reaction are considered as reactions of secondary alcohol in Victory Meyer's. (A)
is identified as

Question 25 .
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}$ gives no colouration in Victor Meyer's test. (A) on reaction with $\mathrm{P} / \mathrm{I}_2$ gives $(\mathrm{B})$ of formula $\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_9 \mathrm{I}$. (B) on treatment with nitrous acid gives (C) of formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_9 \mathrm{NO}_2$. (C) does not react with $\mathrm{KOH}$. Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}$ and explain.
Answer:
$\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}$ gives no colouration in Victor Meyer's test means it must be tertiary alcohol. So (A) is tertiary butyl alcohol. The reactions involved are,

Common Errors
1. Writing IUPAC names may be difficult and students may get confused.
2. Primary, Secondary and Tertiary alcohols functional groups may get confused. Phenol, aromatic alcohols are differenet.
3. Benzene ring should be drawn properly.
4. Skeleton carbon chain may be a problem to students.
Rectifications
1. Parent hydrocarbon - longest carbon chain. Lowest number of the carbon having functional group. Arrangement of substitutents in alphabetical order. Alcohol - Name should end in the word ol.
2. Primary alcohol $-\mathrm{CHI}_2 \mathrm{OH}$, Secondary alcohol $>\mathrm{CHOH}$, Tertiary alcohol $>\mathrm{COH}-\mathrm{OH} \mathrm{gp} /$ directly attached to benzene ring is