Check here the Latest detailed Answers and Solutions as per the latest guidelines of Additional Question - Chapter 13 Organic Nitrogen Compounds 12th Chemistry Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - [2024-2025]

Check here the Latest detailed Answers and Solutions as per the latest guidelines of Additional Question - Chapter 13 Organic Nitrogen Compounds 12th Chemistry Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - [2024-2025]

Additional Question - Chapter 13 Organic Nitrogen Compounds 12th Chemistry Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

Updated On August 15, 2024

By SaraNextGen

Additional Question
1 Mark Questions and Answers
I. Choose the correct answer.
Quesiton 1.
Which one of the following play an important role in bioregulation and neurotransmission?
(a) Acid derivatives
(b) Carbonyl compounds
(c) Organic derivatives of ammonia
(d) Aromatic hydro carbons
Answer:
(c) Organic derivatives of ammonia
Question 2.
Which of the following is needed to maintain the health of nerves, skin and red blood cells?
(a) Vitamin $B_{12}$
(b) Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_6$
(c) Vitamin $B_1$
(d) Vitamin C
Answer:
(b) Vitamin $\mathrm{B}_6$
Question 3.
Which one of the following is needed to maintain the health of nerves and skin?
(a) Pyridoxine
(b) Cobalamine
(c) Dopamine
(d) Histamine
Answer:
(a) Pyridoxine
Question 4.
Which one of the following is act as neurotransmitter?
(a) Pyridoxine
(b) Histamine
(c) Dopamine
(d) Cyano cobalamine
Answer:
(c) Dopamine

Question 5 .
Which one of the following dilates blood vessels?
(a) Histamine
(b) Streptomycin
(c) Penicillin
(d) Dopamine
Answer:
(a) Histamine
Question 6.
Which one of the following is an example of primary nitro alkane?
(a) 2 - nitropropane
(b) Ethyl nitrite
(c) Nitro ethane
(d) 2-methyl-2-nitropropane
Answer:
(c) Nitro ethane
Question 7.
2 - methyl - 2 - nitropropane belongs to
(a) $1^{\circ}$ nitro alkane
(b) $3^{\circ}$ nitro alkane
(c) $2^{\circ}$ nitro alkane
(d) nitro arenes
Answer:
(b) $3^{\circ}$ nitro alkane
Question 8 .

Which of the following is an example for $2^{\circ}$ nitro alkane?

(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{NO}_2$
(b)

(c)

(d) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{NO}_2$
Answer:

(c)

Question 9.
Which one of the following is an example for nitro arenes?
(a) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NO}_6$
(b) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NH}_2$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{NO}$
(d) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NO}_2$
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NO}_2$
Question 10.
The IUPAC name of

(a) 1 - nitro butane
(b) 2 - methyl - 1 - nitro propane
(c) Isobutyl nitrate
(d) 1 - Nitro iso butane
Answer:
(b) 2 - methyl - 1 - nitro propane
Question 11.
Which one of the following is the structure of 2,2 - dimethyl-1-nitro propane?

Answer:

Question 12 .
1 - nitrobutane and 2 - methyl-1-mtropropane are belong to
(a) position isomerism
(b) functional isomerism
(c) Tautomerism
(d) chain isomerism
Answer:
(d) chain isomerism
Question 13.
Which of the following pair shows functional isomerism?
(a) 1 - nitro butane and 2 - nitro butane
(b) 1 - nitro butane and butyl nitrite
(c) 1 - nitro butane and 2 - methyl - 1 - nitropropane
(d) 2 - nitro butane and 2 - methyl-2- nitro propane
Answer:
(b) 1 - nitro butane and butyl nitrite
Question 14 .
Which of the following pair shows position isomerism?
(a) 1 - nitro butane and butyl nitrite
(b) Nitro methane and methyl nitrite
(c) 1 - nitro butane and 2 - nitro butane
(d) 1 - nitro butane and 2 - methyl-1-nitro propane
Answer:
(c) 1 - nitro butane and 2 - nitro butane
Question 15.
Nitro methane and methyl nitrite are the examples of
(a) Position isomerism
(b) chain isomerism
(c) metarnersm
(d) Tautomerism
Answer:
(d) Tautomerism

Question 16.
Consider the following statements.
(i) Nitro form of alkane dissolves in $\mathrm{NaOH}$ instantly
(ii) Nitro form of alkane decolourises $\mathrm{FeCI}_3$ solution
(iii) Nitro form of alkane are more acidic
Which of the above statement(s) is / are not correct?
(a) (i) only
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) (ii) only
Answer:
(c) (i) and (iii)
Question 17.
Consider the following statements.
(i) Aci form of nitro alkanes dissolves in $\mathrm{NaOH}$ slowly.
(ii) Aci form of nitro alkane gives reddish brown colour with $\mathrm{FeCl}_3$
(iii) Aci form of nitro alkane's electrical conductivity is low.
Which of the above statement(s) is / are correct?
(a) (ii) only
(b) (i) only
(c) (iii) only
(d) (i) and (iii)
Answer:
(a) (ii) only
Question 18 .
Which one of the following does not exhibit tautomerism?
(a) 1 - nitro ethane
(b) Nitro methane
(c) methyl nitrite
(d) 2-methyl-2-nitro propane
Answer:
(d) 2 - methyl-2- nitro propane
Question 19.
Identify the compound which does not exhibit tautomerism?

Answer:

Question 20.
The correct decreasing order of acidity of nitro alkane is

Answer:

Question 21.
Which one of the following mechanism is followed by the reaction of Ethyl bromide with ethanolic solution of potassium nitrite
(a) $\mathrm{SN}^1$
(b) $\mathrm{SN}^2$
(c) $\mathrm{SN}^{\mathrm{i}}$
(d) $E_1$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{SN}^2$
Question 22.
Which one of the following is formed when Ethyl bromide reacts with ethanolic solution of potassium nitrite?
(a) Nitro methane
(b) 2 - Nitro propane
(c) 1 - nitro propane
(d) nitro ethane
Answer:
(d) nitro ethane
Question 23.
Which method is used to separate the mixture of nitroalkane?
(a) Crystallization
(b) zone refining
(c) fractional distillation
(d) sublimation
Answer:
(c) fractional distillation
Question 24 .
Which of the following is formed when ethane is heated with conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ at $675 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) Nitro propane
(b) Nitro ethane
(c) Nitro methane
(d) both (ii) and (iii)
Answer:
(d) both (ii) and (iii)
Question 25.
What is the product formed when $\alpha$-chioro acetic acid is boiled with aqueous solution of sodium nitrite?
(a) Nitro ethane
(b) Nitromethane
(c) Acetamide
(d) $\alpha$-chloro acetamide
Answer:

(b) Nitromethane

Question 26.
Which one of the following reagent is used to convert teritary butylamine to tertiary nitro alkane?
(a) Aqueous $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$
(b) Cone $\mathrm{HNO}_3$
(c) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
(d) alcoholic $\mathrm{KOH}$
Answer:
(a) Aqueous $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$
Question 27.
The reagent used in the conversion of acetaldoxime to nitro ethane $\left(1^{\circ}\right)$ is
(a) aqueous $\mathrm{KMnO}_4$
(b) trifluoro peroxy acetic acid
(c) alcoholic $\mathrm{KOH}$
(d) Cone. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$
Answer:
(b) trifluoro peroxy acetic acid
Question 28.
Which of the following is called oil of mirbane?
(a) Nitro methane
(b) Nitro propane
(c) Nitro benzene
(d) Nitro ethane
Answer:
(c) Nitro benzene
Question 29.
On direct nitration of nitro benzene gives
(a) 0 -dinitro benzene
(b) $\mathrm{m}$ - dinitro benzene
(c) $\mathrm{p}$ - dinitro benzene
(d) 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{m}$ - dinitro benzene
Question 30 .
Amino group can be directly converted into nitro group by
(a) Caro's acid
(b) Fuming mixture of conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3+$ conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$
(c) $\mathrm{NaNO}_2+\mathrm{HCI}$
(d) Ethanolic $\mathrm{KNO}_2$
Answer:

(a) Caro's acid

Question 31.
Amino group can be directly converted into nitro group by
(a) Caro's acid
(b) marshall's acid
(c) Peroxy trifluoro acetic acid
(d) all the above
Answer:
(d) all the above
Question 32.
Consider the following statements.
(i) Nitro alkanes have high points because of their highly polar nature
(ii) Alkyl nitrites have lower boiling points than nitro alkanes.
(iii) Nitro alkanes are readily soluble in water due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding formation. Which of the above statement(s) is / are not correct?
(a) (i) only
(b) (ii) only
(c) (iii) only
(d) (i) and (ii)
Answer:
(c) (iii) only
Question 33.
The reagent used to convert Nitromethane to methyl amine is
(a) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{Cl}$
(b) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
(c) $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_5$
(d) $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}_2 \mathrm{O}_8$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
Question 34.
The reagent used to convert Nitromethane to $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl hydroxylamine is
(a) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCl}$
(b) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{CI}$
(c) $\mathrm{Ni}$
(d) $\mathrm{Pd} / \mathrm{BaSO}_4$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{CI}$

Question 35.
Which one of the following is formed when ethyl nitrite is treated with $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCl}$ ?
(a) Nitro ethane
(b) Ethylamine
(c) Ethyl alcohol
(d) Ethanamide
Answer:
(c) Ethyl alcohol
Question 36 .
The product formed when nitro ehtane is boiled with conc. $\mathrm{HCl}$ is
(a) Acetic acid
(b) Ethyl chloride
(c) Ethanoyl chloride
(d) Amino ehtane
Answer:
(a) Acetic acid
Question 37.
Which one of the following is formed when 2- nitro propane is boiled with conc.HCI?
(a) Ethanoic acid
(b) Propanoic acid
(c) Propanoyl chloride
(d) Acetone
Answer:
(d) Acetone
Question 38.
Which of the following does not react with conc. HCI?
(a) Nitro ethane
(b) 2-methyl-2-nitropropane
(c) 2 - nitro propane
(d) Aniline
Answer:
(b) 2-methyl-2- nitropropane
Question 39.
Acid (or) Basic hydrolysis of ethyl nitrite gives
(a) Ethanoic acid
(b) Nitro ethane
(c) Ethanol
(d) Aceto nitrile
Answer:
(c) Ethanol

Question 40 .
Which one of the following is formed when nitro methane reacts with chlorine and $\mathrm{NaOH}$ ?
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CI}$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COCl}$
(c) $\mathrm{CCI}_3 \mathrm{NO}_2$
(d) $\mathrm{CHCI}_2 \mathrm{NO}_2$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{CCI}_3 \mathrm{NO}_2$
Question 41.
Which one of the following reagent is used to convert Nitrobenzene to aniline?
(a) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
(b) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{CI}$
(c) $\mathrm{Fe} / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}_{(\mathrm{g})}$
(d) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NaOH}$
Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
Question 42 .
Which one of the following is the best reagent used to convert Nitrobenzene into Nitroso benzene?
(a) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
(b) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{CI}$
(c) $\mathrm{Fe} / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}_{(\mathrm{g})}$
(d) $\mathrm{SnCl}_2+\mathrm{KOH}$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{Fe} / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}_{(\mathrm{g})}$
Question 43.
Identify the reagent used to convert Nitrobenzene into hydrazo benzene?
(a) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NaOH}$
(b) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{CI}$
(c) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
(d) $\mathrm{SnCI}_2+\mathrm{KOH}$
Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NaOH}$
Question 44 .
Which one of the following is formed when nitrobenzene is treated with $\mathrm{Fe} / \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}_{(\mathrm{Steam})}$ ?
(a) Aniline
(b) Phenyl hydroxylamine
(c) Nitroso benzene
(d) Azobenzene
Answer:
(c) Nitroso benzene

Question 45 .
Which one of the following is formed when nitrobenzene is treated with $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NaOH}$ ?
(a) Phenyl amine
(b) Phenyl hydroxylamine
(c) Azo benzene
(d) Hydrazo benzene
Answer:
(d) Hydrazo benzene
Question 46 .
Which one of the following is formed when nitrobenzene is treated with $\mathrm{SnCI}_2 / \mathrm{KOH}^{\text {? }}$
(a) Azo benzene
(b) Azoxy benzene
(c) Hydrazo benzene
(d) Nitroso benzene
Answer:
(a) Azo benzene
Question 47.
Which of the following is formed when nitro benzene undergoes electrolytic reduction?
(a) Aniline
(b) Phenyl hydroxylamine
(c) $\mathrm{p}$ - amino phenol
(d) all the above
Answer:
(d) all the above
Question 48.
Which of the following can be used to reduce nitrobenzene to aniline?
(a) $\mathrm{LiAIH}_4$
(b) $\mathrm{Sn}+\mathrm{HCI}$
(c) $\mathrm{Pt} / \mathrm{H}_2$
(d) all the above
Answer:
(d) all the above
Question 49.
What will be the product formed when nitrobenzene is treated with conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ and conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $373 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) 1,3-dinitro benzene
(b) 1,4 - dinitro benzene
(c) 1,3,5-trinitro benzene
(d) all the above
Answer:
(a) 1,3-dinitro benzene

Question 50.
Which one of the following is formed when nitrobenzene is treated with cone. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ and $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 473 \mathrm{~K}$ ?
(a) 1,2-din itro benzene
(b) 1,4 - dintro benzene
(c) 1,3 - dinitro benzene
(d) 1,3,5-trinitro benzene
Answer:
(d) 1,3,5-trinitro benzene
Question 51.
What will be the product formed when 1, 3,5 - trinito toluene is treated with acidified $\mathrm{Na}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$ and sodalime?
(a) TNB
(b) TNT
(c) TNG
(d) GTN
Answer:
(a) TNB
Question 52.
What is the IUPAC name of

(a) Tertiary butyl amine
(b) Trimethyl amine
(c) $\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$ - dimethyl methanamine
(d) $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl ethanamine
Answer:
(c) N,N-dimethyl methanamine
Question 53.
Which one of the following is called (N-ethyl $-\mathrm{N}$ - methyl) propanamine?

Answer:

Question 54.
The IUPAC name of

is
(a) Methyl iso propyl amine
(b) $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl propan - 1 - amine
(c) N, N-dimethyl methanamine
(d) propan - 1 - amine
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl propan - 1 - amine
Question 55.
What is the IUPAC name of

(a) Ethyl methyl isopropylamine
(b) N, N-dimethyl methanamine
(c) $\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$ - diethyl butan -1 - amine
(d) $\mathrm{N}-$ ethyl $-\mathrm{N}-$ methyl propan -2 - amine
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{N}-$ ethyl - $\mathrm{N}-$ methyl propan -2 - amine
Question 56 .
Which one of the following is called Hexane - 1, 6-diamine?
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2$

(c) $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~N}-\left(\mathrm{CH}_2\right)_6-\ddot{\mathrm{N}} \mathrm{H}_2$
(d) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_2\right)_6 \mathrm{~N}_4$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~N}-\left(\mathrm{CH}_2\right)_6-\ddot{\mathrm{NH}}_2$
Question 57.
Which one of the following is the TUPAC name of $\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{NH}_2$ ?
(a) Isopropyl amine
(b) Allylamine
(c) 1 -amino propane
(d) prop-2-en-1-amine
Answer:
(d) prop-2-en - 1 - amine
Question 58 .
Which one of the following is the structure of phenyl methanamine?

Answer:

Question 59.
Consider the following statements.
(i) Nitrogen atom of amines is trivalent and carries a lone pair of electron.
(ii) Nitrogen atom of amines is $\mathrm{Sp} 2$ hybridised.
(iii) Amines posses pyramidal geometry.
Which of the above statement(s) is / are correct?
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (iii) only
(d) (ii) only
Answer:
(b) (i) and (iii)
Question 60.
What is the $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{C}$ bond angle of trimethylamine?
(a) $109^{\circ} .5^{\prime}$
(b) $107^{\circ}$
(c) $108^{\circ}$
(d) $108^{\circ} .31^{\text {}}$
Answer:
(c) $108^{\circ}$
Question 61.
Which one of the following is the geometry of amines?
(a) Tetrahedral
(b) Pyramidal
(c) Planar triangle
(d) square planar
Answer:
(b) Pyramidal
Question 62 .
Which one of the following is formed when cyano methane reacts with $\mathrm{LiAIH}_4$ ?
(a) Ethanamine
(b) Methane
(c) Methanoic acid
(d) Acetic acid
Answer:
(a) Ethanamine
Question 63.
The reducing agent used in mendius reaction is
(a) $\mathrm{H}_2 / \mathrm{Ni}$
(b) $\mathrm{LiAIH}_4$

(c) $\mathrm{Na} / \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$
(d) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{Na} / \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$
Question 64 .
The product formed when methyl isocyanide is reduced by $\mathrm{Na}(\mathrm{Hg}) / \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$ is
(a) Isopropyl amine
(b) Ethanamine
(c) $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl methanamine
(d) $\mathrm{N}$ - ethyl methanamine
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl methanamine
Question 65 .
Which one of the following is formed when acetamide reacts with $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$ and $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$ ?
(a) Methyl amine
(b) Ethylamine
(c) Ammonium acetate
(d) $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl ethanamine
Answer:
(b) Ethylamine
Question 66.
In which reaction acetamide is changed to methylamine by the action of $\mathrm{Br}_2 / \mathrm{KOH}$ ?
(a) Gapriel phthalimide synthesis
(b) Hoffmann degration reaction
(c) Mendius reaction
(d) Mustard oil reaction
Answer:
(b) Hoffmann degration reaction
Question 67.
Which one of the reaction is used in the synthesis of aliphatic primary amines?
(a) Hoffmann ammonolysis
(b) Rosenmund's reduction
(c) Carbylamine reaction
(d) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
Answer:
(d) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis

Question 68 .
The conversion of ethanol into all types of amines by the action of ammonia along with Alumina is
(a) HVZ reaction
(b) Sabatier - mailhe method
(c) Carbylamine reaction
(d) Mendius reaction
Answer:
(b) Sabatier - mailhe method
Question 69.
Consider the following statements.
(i) Amines have higher boiling point than alcohols.
(ii) Lower aliphatic amines are colourless gases whereas higher amines have fish like small.
(iii) Aniline and arylamines are colourless but when exposed to air they become coloured due to oxidation. Which of the above statement(s) is / are correct?
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) only
(d) (iii) only
Answer:
(b) (ii) and (iii)
Question 70 .
The correct order of basic strength in the case of ailcyl substituted amines is

Answer:

Question 71.
The correct order of basic strength in the case of substituted ethyl amines is

Answer:

Question 72.
The relative basicity of amine follows the order as
(a) Alkyl amines $>$ Aralkyl amines $>$ Ammonia $>\mathrm{N}-$ aralkylamine $>$ Arylamine
(b) Aralkyl amines $>$ Ammonia $>$ Arylamine $>$ Alkyl amine $>\mathrm{N}$ - aralkylamine
(c) Arylamine Alkyl amine $\mathrm{N}$ - aralkylanilne
(d) $\mathrm{N}$ - aralkylamine < Arylamine < Ammonia < Alkyl amine < Aralkyl amine Answer: (a) Alkyl amines $>$ Aralkyl amines $>$ Ammonia $>\mathrm{N}$ - aralkylamine $>$ Arylamine
Answer:
(a) Alkyl amines $>$ Aralkyl amines $>$ Ammonia $>\mathrm{N}$ - aralkylamine $>$ Arylamine
Question 73.
Identify the name of the reaction in which aniline reacts with Benzoyl chloride to form $\mathrm{N}$ - Phenyl benzamide?
(a) Hoffmann degradation reaction
(b) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
(c) Schotten - Baumann reaction
(d) Mustard oil reaction
Answer:
(c) Schotten - Baumann reaction
Question 74.
Which one of the product is formed when aniline reacts with benzoyl chloride in the presence of $\mathrm{NaOH}$ ?
(a) $\mathrm{N}$ - Phenyl benzamide
(b) N - Phenyl ethanamide
(c) Benzamide
(d) $\mathrm{N}$ - Benzyl aniline
Answer:
(b) N-Phenyl ethanamide
Question 75 .
Which one of the following is formed as product when ethylamine reacts with nitrous acid?
(a) Ethyl nitrite
(b) Nitro ethane
(c) Ethanol
(d) Ethane nitrile
Answer:
(c) Ethanol
Question 76.
Identify $\mathrm{X}$ in the following reaction?

Answer:

Question 77.
The reaction of aniline with nitrous acid at low temperature is known as
(a) Carbylamme reaction
(b) mustard oil reaction
(c) Diazotisation
(d) Sand meyer's reaction
Answer:
(c) Diazotisation
Question 78 .
Which one of the product is formed with $\mathrm{N}$-methyl aniline reacts with nitrous acid?
(a) Anilinium chloride
(b) $\mathrm{N}$ - nitroso methyl phenylamine
(c) Benzene diazonium chloride
(d) Benzylamine
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{N}$ - nitroso methyl phenylamine
Question 79.
Which one of the réaction is called Libermann's nitroso set?

(c) Aniline $+\mathrm{CHCI}_3+3 \mathrm{KOH} \rightarrow$ Phenyl iso cyanide.
(d) Methyl amine $+\mathrm{CHCl}_3+3 \mathrm{KOH} \rightarrow$ Methyl iso cyanide.
Answer:

Question 80.
The conversion of $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl aniline into $\mathrm{N}$ - nitrosomethyl phenyl amine is known as
(a) Carbylamine reaction
(b) mustard oil reaction
(c) Diazotisation
(d) Libermann's nitroso test
Answer:
(d) Libermann's nitroso test
Question 81.
Which one of the following reaction is used to identify primary amines?
(a) Schotten - Baumann reaction
(b) Carbylamine reaction
(c) Sand meyer's reaction
(d) Gattermann reaction
Answer:
(b) Carbylamine reaction
Question 82 .
The reaction between methylamine and $\mathrm{CS}_2$ is known as
(a) mustard oil reaction
(b) Carbylamine reaction
(c) Sand meyer's reaction
(d) Gabriel phthalirnide synthesis
Answer:
(a) mustard oil reaction
Question 83.
Which one of the following is formed when aniline reacts with $\mathrm{CS}_2$ followed by hydrolysis by cone. $\mathrm{HCI}$ ?
(a) Phenyl isocyanide
(b) phenyl cyanide
(c) Phenvi isothio cyanate
(d) Benzene diazonium chloride
Answer:
(c) Phenvi isothio cyanate
Question 84.
Consider the following reaction.
(i) Aniline does not undergo friedel - crafts reaction
(ii) Aromatic amine on treatment with $\mathrm{NaNO}_2+\mathrm{HCI}$ gives diazonium slats.
(iii) Aniline is more basic than ammonia.
Which of the above statement(s) is / are not correct?
(a) (i) only
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (iii) only
(d) (ii) only
Answer:
(c) (iii) only

Question 85.
Which one of the following is formed when aniline reacts with cone. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ ?
(a) Zwitter ion
(b) Acetanilide
(c) Suiphanilic acid
(d) $\mathrm{p}$ - sulphonic bcnzoic acid
Answer:
(c) Suiphanilic acid
Question 86.
Consider the following statements.
(i) Benzene diazonium chloride aqueous solution are neutral to litmus.
(ii) The stability of arene diazonium salt is due to the dispersal of the positive charge over the ring.
(iii) Benzenediazonium chloride is reddish brown colour liquid.
Which of the above statement(s) is / are correct?
(a) (iii) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) (iii) only
Answer:
(b) (i) and (ii)
Question 87.
Identify the product formed when Benzene diazonium chloride reacts with phosphinic acid?
(a) Benzene
(b) Chioro benzene
(c) Phenol
(d) cyano benzene
Answer:
(a) Benzene
Question 88.
The conversion of Benzene diazonium chloride into chlorobenzene is known as
(a) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
(b) Carbylamine reaction
(c) Sand meyer reaction
(d) Coupling reaction
Answer:
(c) Sand meyer reaction
Question 89.
Identify $\mathrm{X}$ and $\mathrm{Y}$ in the following reaction

(a) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CI}+\mathrm{N}_2$
(b) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6+\mathrm{N}_2$
(c) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CI}+\mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{CI}$
(d) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CI}+\mathrm{H}_2$
Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CI}+\mathrm{N}_2$
Question 90 .
Which one of the following is formed when benzene diazonium chloride is boiled with water?
(a) Benzene
(b) Phenol
(c) Chiorobenzene
(d) Aniline
Answer:
(b) Phenol
Question 91.
Complete the following reaction.

Answer:

Question 92.
What is the name of the reaction in which benzene diazonium chloride react with benzene to give Biphenyl?
(a) Sandmeyer's reaction
(b) Gomberg reaction
(c) Gattermann reaction
(d) Baltz - schiemann reaction
Answer:
(b) Gomberg reaction
Question 93.
Which one of the following reagent reacts with ben.zene diazonium chloride to give biphenyl?
(a) Chioro benzene
(b) Bromobenzene
(c) Benzene
(d) Acetic acid
Answer:
(c) Benzene
Question 94.
Which one of the following is formed when Benzene dia.zonium chloride reacts with Aniline?
(a) p-hydroxy azo benzene
(b) 2 - phenyl azo - 4-methyl
(c) Biphenyl
(d) $\mathrm{p}$ - amino azo benzene
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{p}$ - amino azo benzene
Question 95.
Which one of the following should react with Benzene diazonium chloride to get orange dye?
(a) Aniline
(b) phenol
(c) 0 - cresol
(d) $\mathrm{P}$ - cresol
Answer:
(b) phenol
Question 96.
Aniline + Benzene diazonium chloride $\rightarrow \mathrm{X}$. Identify $\mathrm{X}$.
(a) orange dye
(b) yellow dye
(c) malachite green dye
(d) madder dye
Answer:
(b) yellow dye

Question 97.
Which one of the following is the IUPAC name of $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CN}$ ?
(a) Propiono nitrite
(b) Butane cyanide
(c) Isobutyro nitnie
(d) Butane nitrile
Answer:
(d) Butane nitrile
Question 98.
Which one of the following is formed when methyl magnesium bromide reacts with cyanogen chloride?
(a) methane nitrile
(b) ethane nitrite
(c) Acetamide
(d) Nitro ethane
Answer:
(b) ethane nitrite
Question 99.
The reagent used in the conversion of $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONH}_2$ into $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CN}$ is
(a) $\mathrm{Br}_2 / \mathrm{KOH}$
(b) conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$
(c) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
(d) $\mathrm{P}_2 \mathrm{O}_5$
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{P}_2 \mathrm{O}_5$
Question 100 .
The product of complete hydrolysis of Ethane nitrite is
(a) Ethane
(b) Ethyl nitrate
(c) Nitro ethane
(d) Acetic acid
Answer:
(d) Acetic acid
Question 101.
What is the name of the reaction that take place between Ethane nitrile and Ethyl propionate?
(a) Coupling reaction
(b) Levine and hauser acetylation
(c) Diazotisation
(d) Acetic acid
Answer:

(b) Levine and hauser acetylation

Question 102.
Which one of the following is formed when methyl iso cyanide ùndergoes acid hydrolysis?
(a) Dimethyl amine $+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
(b) Acetic acid + Formic acid
(c) Methyl amine + Formic acid
(d) Methyl cyanide + Ammonia
Answer:
(c) Methyl amine + Formic acid
Question 103.
The product formed when methyl isocyanide is heated to $250^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ is
(a) Methyl amine
(b) Methyl cyanide
(c) Ethyl Cyanide
(d) Amino ethane
Answer:
(b) Methyl cyanide
Question 104 .
Which one of the following is used a fuel for cars?
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NO}_2$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NH}_2$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{~N}$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NC}$
Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NO}_2$
Question 105.
Chloropicrin is used as
(a) antiseptic
(b) analgesic
(c) insecticide
(d) fertilizer
Answer:
(c) insecticide
Question 106.
Which one of the following is used as a fuel additive and precursor to explosive?
(a) Nitroglycerine
(b) Nitro methane
(c) Nitro benzene
(d) Nitro ethane
Answer:
(d) Nitro ethane

Question 107.
Which one of the following is known as sweet spirit of nitre?
(a) $10 \%$ solution of methyl nitrite
(b) $4 \%$ solution of ethyl nitrite
(c) $10 \%$ solution of ethyl nitrite
(d) $40 \%$ solution of methanal
Answer:
(b) $4 \%$ solution of ethyl nitrite
Question 108.
Which one of the following is used as diuretic?
(a) Nitro methane
(b) Nitrobenzene
(c) ethyl nitrite
(d) Oil of mirbane
Answer:
(c) ethyl nitrite
Question 109.
Which of the following is used to produce lubircating oils in motors and machinery?
(a) Nitro benzene
(b) $\mathrm{m}$ - dinitro benzene
(c) 1,3,5-trinitro benzene
(d) Nitro glycerine
Answer:
(a) Nitro benzene
Question 110.
Which of the following is used in the manufacture of aniline, synthetic rubber, dyes and explosives like TNT, TNB?
(a) Nitro ethane
(b) Aminobenzene
(c) Nitro benzene
(d) Benzene diazonium chloride
Answer:
(c) Nitro benzene
Question 111.
Which of the following is used in textile industries and also as a solvent in perfume industries?
(a) Alkyl cyanide
(b) Alkyl iso cyanide
(c) Alkyl iso thio cyanate
(d) Alkyl amine
Answer:
(a) Alkyl cyanide

Question 112.
Which one of the following is used as an anticancer agent used to stomach and colon cancer?
(a) Vitamin $\mathrm{C}$
(b) Cobalamine
(c) mitomycin C
(d) Streptomycin
Answer:
(c) mitomycin $\mathrm{C}$
Question 113.
In the Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction, the number of moles of $\mathrm{KOH}$ and $\mathrm{Br}_2$ used per mole of amine produced are
(a) four moles of $\mathrm{KOH}$ and two moles of $\mathrm{Br}_2$
(b) two moles of $\mathrm{KOH}$ and two moles of $\mathrm{Br}_2$
(c) four moles of $\mathrm{KOH}$ and one moles of $\mathrm{Br}_2$
(d) one moles of $\mathrm{KOH}$ and one moles of $\mathrm{Br}_2$
Answer:
(c) four moles of $\mathrm{KOH}$ and one moles of $\mathrm{Br}_2$
Question 114 .
What is the product obtained in the following reaction?

Answer:

Question 115 .
The reagent with which the following reaction is best accomplished is

(a) $\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_3$
(b) $\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_4$
(c) $\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_2$
(d) $\mathrm{NaHSO}_3$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_2$
Question 116.
The amine " $A$ " when treated with nitrous acid gives yellow oily substance. The amine "A" is
(a) Triethylamine
(b) Trimethylamine
(c) aniline
(d) Ethyl methyl amine
Answer:
(d) Ethyl methyl amine
Question 117.
Which one of the following amide will not undergo Hoffmann bromamide reaction?
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONH}_2$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONHCH}_3$
(c) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CONH}_2$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CONH}_2$
Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONHCH}_3$
Question 118.
Replacement of diazonium group by fluorine is known as
(a) Gattennann reaction
(b) Sandmeyer reaction
(c) Baltz - Schiemann reaction
(d) Comberg reaction
Answer:
(c) Baltz - Schiemann reaction
Question 119.
Considering the basic strength of amines in aqueous solution, which are has the smallest $\mathrm{pK}$ value?
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NH}_2$
(b) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}$
(c) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NH}_2$
(d) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{NH}$
Answer:
(d) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{NH}$

Question 120.
Which one of the following is the strongest base in aqueous solution?
(a) Trimethyl amine
(c) Dimethyl amine
(d) methyl amine
(b) Aniline
Answer:
(c) Dimethyl amine
Question 121.
Diethyl amine when treated with nitrous acid yields
(a) Diethyl ammonium nitrite
(b) Ethyl alcohol
(c) $\mathrm{N}$ - nitroso diethyl amine
(d) Triethyl ammonium nitrate
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{N}$ - nitroso diethyl amine
Question 122.
Which one of the following on reduction with Lithium aluminium hydride yields a secondary amine?
(a) Methyl iso cyanide
(b) Acetamide
(c) Methyl cyanide
(d) Nitro ethane
Answer:
(a) Methyl iso cyanide
Question 123.
The action of nitrous acid on ethylamine gives
(a) Ethane
(b) ammonia
(c) Ethyl alcohol
(d) Ethyl nitrite
Answer:
(c) Ethyl alcohol
Question 124 .
Indicate which nitrogen compound amongst the following would undergo Hoffmann reaction with $\mathrm{Br}_2$ and strong $\mathrm{KOH}$ to furnish primary amine $\mathrm{kNH}_2$.

Answer:

Question 125 .
The correct order of basicity of the following compounds is

(a) (ii) $>$ (i) $>$ (iii) $>$ (iv)
(b) (i) $>$ (iii) $>$ (ii) $>$ (iv)
(c) (iii) $>$ (i) $>$ (ii) $>$ (iv)
(d) (i) $>$ (ii) $>$ (iii) $>$ (iv)
Answer:
(b) (i) $>$ (iii) $>$ (ii) $>$ (iv)
Question 126.
Which of the following would be most reactive towards nitration?
(a) Benzene
(b) nitrobenzene
(c) Toluene
(d) Chiorobenzene
Answer:
(b) nitrobenzene
Question 127.
Aniline reacts with acetaldehyde to form.
(a) Schiff's base
(b) carbylamine
(c) Imine
(d) acetaldoxime
Answer:
(a) Schiff's base
Question 128.
Which of the following is the strongest base?

Answer:

Question 129.
A primary amine is formed from an amide by the treatment of bromine and alkali. The primary amine has
(a) 1 Carbon atom less than amide
(b) 1 carbon atom more than amide
(c) 1 hydrogen atom less than amide
(d) 1 Hydrogen atom more than amide
Answer:
(a) 1 Carbon atom less than amide
Question 130.
Liebermann's nitroso reaction is used for testing
(a) $1^{\circ}$ amine
(b) $2^{\circ}$ amine
(c) $3^{\circ}$ amine
(d) all the above
Answer:
(b) $2^{\circ}$ amine
Question 131.
A nauseating smell in the carbylamine test for primary amines is due to the formation of
(a) iso cyanide
(b) chloroform
(c) cyanide
(d) iso thiocyanate
Answer:
(a) iso cyanide
Question 132.
A positive carbylamine test is given by
(a) $\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$ - dimethyl aniline
(b) 2,4-dimethyl aniline
(c) $\mathrm{N}-$ methyl $-0-$ methyl aniline
(d) p-methyl benzylamine
Answer:
(b) 2, 4-dimethyl aniline
Question 133.
When primary amine is heated with $\mathrm{CS}_2$ in the presence of excess of mercuric chloride, it gives isothiocyanate. This reaction is called
(a) Hoffmann bromamide reaction
(b) Carbylamine reaction
(c) Perkin's reaction
(d) Hoffmann mustard oil reaction

Answer:

(d) Hoffmann mustard oil reaction

Question 134.
Diazo - coupling reaction is useful to prepare some
(a) Dyes
(b) proteins
(c) pesticides
(d) plastics
Answer:
(a) Dyes
Question 135.
Carbylamine test is used in the detection of
(a) aliphatic $2^{\circ}$ amine
(b) Aromatic $1^{\circ}$ amine
(c) Aliphatic 1 amine
(d) both aliphatic and aromatic $1^{\circ}$ amine
Answer:
(d) both aliphatic and aromatic $1^{\circ}$ amine
Question 136 .
Which of the following amine will not react with nitrous acid to give nitrogen?
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NH}_2$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{NH}_2$

(d) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathbf{N}$
Answer:
(d) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}$
Question 137.
Which of the following compound is expected to be more basic?
(a) Aniline
(b) Methylamine
(c) Ethylamine
(d) Hydroxylamine
Answer:
(c) Ethylamine

Question 138 .
Nitro group in Nitro benzene is a
(a) ortho directing group
(b) Meta directing group
(c) Para directing group
(d) ortho and para directing group
Answer:
(b) Meta directing group
Question 139.
Which of the following amines would undergo diazotisation?
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NH}_2$
(b) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NH}_2$
(c) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NH}_2$
(d) $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NH}_2$
Question 140.
Primary amines can be distinguished from secondary and tertiary amines by reacting with.
(a) $\mathrm{CHCI}_3$ and alkali
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{I}$
(c) $\mathrm{CHCl}_3$ alone
(d) $\mathrm{Zn}$ dust
Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{CHCI}_3$ and alkali
Question 141.
A solution of methylamine
(a) turns blue litmus red
(b) turns red litmus blue
(c) does not effect red or blue litmus
(d) Bleaches litmus
Answer:
(b) turns red litmus blue
Question 142.
Oil of mirbane is
(a) Aniline
(b) Nitro ethane
(c) $\mathrm{p}$ - amino azo benzene
(d) Nitro benzene
Answer:
(d) Nitro benzene

Question 143.
Identify the product $\mathrm{Z}$ in the series of the reaction
$
\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CN} \stackrel{\mathrm{Na}+\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{X} \stackrel{\mathrm{HNO}_2}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{Y} \stackrel{\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7}{\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4} \mathrm{X} \text {. }
$
(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CHO}$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONH}_2$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH}$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NHOH}$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH}$
Solution:

Question 144 .
Primary and secondary amines are distinguished by
(a) $\mathrm{Br}_2 / \mathrm{KOH}$
(b) $\mathrm{HCIO}_4$
(c) $\mathrm{NH}_3$
(d) $\mathrm{HNO}_2$
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{HNO}_2$
Question 145.
Aniline on treatment with excess bromine water gives
(a) Anilinium bromide
(b) $\mathrm{O}$ - bromo aniline
(c) 2,4,6-tribromo aniline
(d) $\mathrm{p}$ - bromo aniline
Answer:
(c) 2, 4, 6-tribromo aniline
Question 146.
Which of the following is not used as an explosive?
(a) Trinitro toluene
(b) Trinitro benzene
(c) Trinitro glycerine
(d) Nitro benzene
Answer:
(d) Nitro benzene

Question 147.
Which of the following has a pyramidal structure?
(a) Trimethyl amine
(b) Water
(c) Acetylene
(d) Methane
Answer:
(a) Trimethyl amine
Question 148.
Which one of the following reacts with benzaldehyde to give schiff's base.
(a) Acidified $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{O}_7$
(b) formaldehyde
(c) Aniline
(d) Potassium cyanide
Answer:
(c) Aniline
Question 149.
Ethyl amine can be prepared by the action of bromine and caustic potash on
(a) Acetamide
(b) propionamide
(c) Formamide
(d) Methyl Eyanide
Answer:
(b) propionamide
Question 150.
Which of the following reaction will not give primary amine?

(a) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONH}_2 \stackrel{\mathrm{Br}_2 / \mathrm{KOH}}{\longrightarrow}$
(b) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CN} \stackrel{\mathrm{LiAlH}_4}{\longrightarrow}$
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NC} \stackrel{\mathrm{LiAlH}_4}{\longrightarrow}$
(d) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONH}_2 \stackrel{\mathrm{LiAlH}_4}{\longrightarrow}$
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NC} \stackrel{\mathrm{LiAlH}_4}{\longrightarrow}$
Question 151.
Which of the following compound is the strongest base?
(a) Ammonia
(b) Aniline
(c) Methyl amine
(d) $\mathrm{N}$-methyl aniline
Answer:
(c) Methyl amine
Question 152.
Azo dyes are prepared from
(a) Phenol
(b) Aniline
(c) Benzaldehyde
(d) Both (i) and (ii)
Answer:
(d) Both (i) and (ii)
II. Fill in the blanks.
1. ..............................is an organic compound needed to maintain the health of nerves, skin and red blood cells.
2. Plants synthesis and to protect them from being eaten away by insect ............................ and ............................. other animals.
3. ................................. compounds are the important constituents of explosives, drugs, dyes, fuels, polymers, synthetic rubbers.

4. Dopamine act as ............
5. ....................... dilates blood vessels.
6. Tertiary nitro alkanes donot exhibit ........................ due to the absence of a-H atom.
7. Aci form of nitro alkanes gives ............................. colour with ferric chloride.
8. Aci form of nitro alkanes are otherwise called ......................... Or .............................
9. Laboratory preparation of Nitro ethane from ethyl bromide follows ................................. mechanism
10. Except .............................other alkanes gives a mixture of nitro alkanes due to $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}$ cleavage by nitration of alkanes.
11. Oxidation of acetaldoxime with .................................. gives 1 - nitro ethane.
12. ........... is suspected to cause genetic damage and be harmful to the nervous system.
13. Nitro benzene on reduction with $\mathrm{SnCl}_2+\mathrm{KOH}$ gives ...........................
14. Nitrobenzene on alkaline medium reduction gives. ..........................
15. Amines posses............................. geometry.
16. The nitrogen atom in amine is ............................ hybridised.
17. Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is used for the preparation of .................................
18. Ammonolysis of hydroxyl compounds is called ........................ reaction.
19. Aniline when exposed to air becomes coloured due to ........................
20. Alkyl amines are stronger base than .........................
21. Acylation and benzoylation of Aniline are ........................... reactions.
22. Libermann's nitroso test is used to detect ...................................
23. ........... test is used to identify primary amine.
24. Direct nitration of aniline gives $\mathrm{O}$ and $\mathrm{P}$ - nitro aniline along with ..................................... due to oxidation.
25. The conversion of benzene diazonium chloride to benzene by $\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_2$ proceeds through ...................... mechanism.
26. Benzene diazonium chloride when boiled with water gives .......................
27. The conversion of Benzene diazonium chloride is Biphenyl is called ........................... reaction.
28. Coupling reaction generally occurs at ........................... position of Benzene ring.
29. The condensation reaction of esters with nitrites containing a - hydrogen is known as ................
30. Chloropicrin is used as an ............
31. $4 \%$ solution of ethyl nitrite in alcohol is known as .....................
32. Sweet spirit of nitre is used as ...................
33. ..................... is used to produce lubricating oils in motors and machinery.
34. ........................ an anti cancer agent used to treat stomach and colon cancer.
35. Mitomycin $\mathrm{C}$ contains an ............ ring.
36. ........... is used as percursor to explosive.
37. An organic nitrogen compound ............................ is used as an insecticide.
38. ........... is known as sweet spirit of nitre.
39. Chloropicnn.............................. is used as an insecticide.

Answer:
1. Pyridoxine, vitamin $\mathrm{B}_6$
2. alkaloids, biologically active amines
3. Nitrogen
4. Neurotransmitter
5. Histamine
6. tautomerism
7. Reddish brown
8. Pseudo acids (or) Nitronic acids
9. $\mathrm{SN}_2$
10. Methane
11. trifluoroperoxy acetic acid
12. Nitro ethane
13. Azobenzene
14. Hydrazobenzene
15. Pyramidal
16. $\mathrm{SP}^3$
17. Aliphatic primary amines
18. Sabatier - mailhe
19. Oxidation
20. Ammonia
21. Nucleophilic substitution (or) Schotten Baumann
22. Secondary amine
23. Carbylamine reaction (or) Hoffmann mustard oil reaction
24. dark coloured tars
25. Free radical chain
26. Phenol
27. Gomberg
28. Para
29. Levine and hauser
30. insecticide
31. Sweet spirit of nitre
32. diuretic
33. Nitrobenzene
34. Mitomycin C
35. Aziridine
36. Nitro ethane
37. chloropicrm
38. $4 \%$ solution of ethyl nifrite in alcohol
39. $\mathrm{CCI}_3 \mathrm{NO}_2$
III. Match the Column I and II using the code given below the columns.

Answer:
(a) 3421
Question 2.

Answer:
(b) 3412
Question 3.

Answer:
(c) 3412
Question 4.

Answer:
(a) 4312
Question 5.

Answer:
(b) 4123
Question 6.

Answer:
(a) 3421
Question 7.

Answer:
(a) 3142
Question 8.

Answer:
(a) 2143
Question 9.

Answer:
(a) 3412
Question 10 .

Answer:
(a) 4123
IV. Assertion and reasons.
Question 1.
Assertion(A): Tertiary nitro alkanes do not exhibit tautomerism. Reason (R): Tertiary nitro alkanes do not have of $\alpha-H$ atom.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is explains $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both A and R are not correct
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
(d) $A$ is wrong but $R$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is explains $\mathrm{A}$

Question 2.
Assertion(A): Primary and secondary nitroalkanes show an equilibrium mixture of two tautomers namely nitro and aci form.
Reason (R): Both primary and secondary nitroalkanes are having a- $\mathrm{H}$ atoms.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of of
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
(d) $A$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Question 3.
Assertion(A): Nitro alkanes dissolve in $\mathrm{NaOH}$ solution to form a salt.
Reason (R): The $\alpha-\mathrm{H}$ atom of $1^{\circ}$ and $2^{\circ}$ nitroalkanes show acidic character because of the electron withdrawing effect of $\mathrm{NO}_2$ group.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of of $\mathrm{A}$
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Question 4.
Assertion(A): 2 - nitro propane is more acidic than nitro mehtane.
Reason (R): When the number of alkyl group attached to a carbon increases, acidity decreases. due to +1 effect of alkyl groups.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong.
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Question 5.
Assertion(A): Nitrobenzene cannot be prepared from bromo benzene by action of ethanolic solution of potassium nitrite.
Reason (R): The bromine directly attached to the benzene ring cannot be cleaved easily.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of of $\mathrm{A}$
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$

Question 6.
Assertion(A): Nitrobenzene undergoes friedel - craft reaction.
Reason (R): Nitrobenzene have strong deactivating $-\mathrm{NO}_2$ group.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ arc correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
(d) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
Answer:
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Question 7.
Assertion(A): Amines posses pyramidal geometry.
Reason (R): Nitrogen atoms of amines is trivalent and has four $\mathrm{sp} 3$ hybridised orbital. Three $\mathrm{sp}^3$ orbitais overlap with orbitais of hydrogen and four $\mathrm{sp} 3$ orbitais contain a lone pair of electrons.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong.
(d) $A$ is wrong but $R$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$
Question 8.
Assertion(A): The $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{C}$ bond angle of trimethyl amine is $108^{\circ}$.
Reason (R): The bond angle of $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{C}$ is due to the repulsion between the bulky methyl groups.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are wrong
(b) $A$ is correct and $R$ is wrong
(c) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ is the correct explanation of A
(d) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$
Answer:
(c) Both A and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of A
Question 9.
Assertion(A): Aniline cannot be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide synthesis.
Reason (R): Arylhalides do not undergo nucleophilic substitution with the anion formed by phthalimide
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Question 10.
Assertion(A): Amines have lower boiling point than alcohols.
Reason (R): Nitrogen has lower electronegative value than oxygen and hence the $\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}$ bond is less polar than - OH bond.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(c) $A$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $A$ is wrong but $R$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Question 11.
Assertion(A): Tertiary methyl amine is less soluble in water than methyl amine.
Reason (R): Solubility decreases due to the increase in size of the hydrophobic alkyl group.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are wrong
(b) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong.
(c) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(d) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Answer:
(c) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Question 12 .
Assertion(A): Aniline reacts with acids to form salts and also reacts with electrophiles.
Reason (R): The lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom in amines makes them basic as well as nucleophilic.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $A$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$

Question 13.
Assertion(A): Alkyl amines are stronger base than Ammonia.
Reason (R): When a +I gorup like alkyl group is attached to nitrogen increases the electron density on the nitrogen which makes the electron pair readily available for protonation.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
(d) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Question 14.
Assertion(A): $2^{\circ}$ amines are more basic.
Reason (R): Due to + I effect, steric effect and hydration effect cause $2^{\circ}$ amines are more basic.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$
(c) $A$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Question 15.
Assertion(A): Aromatic amines are less basic than ammonia.
Reason (R): The lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom in aniline (aromatic amine) gets delocalised over the benzene ring and less available for protonation.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
(b) Both A and $R$ are wrong
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong.
(d) A is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$

Question 16.
Assertion(A): Electrophilic substituion in aniline take place at ortho and para position. Reason (R): The $-\mathrm{NH}_2$ group is a strong activating group and lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom is in conjugation with benzene ring that increases electron density at ortho and para position.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $A$
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ is correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong.
(d) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are wrong
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Question 17.
Assertion(A): Acylation of amines gives a mono substituted product whereas alkylation of amines gives polysubstituted product.
Reason (R): Acyl group sterically hindered the approach to further acyl group.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are wrong
(b) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
(c) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$
(d) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct but $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$
Answer:
(c) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of A
Question 18.
Assertion(A): Acetanilide is less basic than anime.
Reason (R): Acetylation of aniline results in the decrease of electron density on nitrogen.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ explains $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are wrong
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ explains $A$.
Question 19.
Assertion(A): Aromatic $1^{\circ}$ amines can be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide synthesis.
Reason (R): Aryl halides undergo nucleophilic substitution with the anion formed by phthalimide.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ is explains $A$
(b) Both $A$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are wrong
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(b) Both A and R are wrong

Question 20.
Assertion(A): Aniline does not undergo Friedel - Crafts reaction.
Reason (R): Aniline donates its lone pair of electrons to the Lewis acid $\mathrm{AiCl}_3$ to form an adduct which inhibits further electrophilic substitution reaction.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are correct and $R$ is explains $A$.
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are wrong
(c) $A$ is correct but $R$ is wrong.
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong but $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are correct and $\mathrm{R}$ is explains $\mathrm{A}$.
V. Find the odd one out and give the reasons.
Question 1.
Pyridoxine, Dopamine, Histamine, Aspirin.
Answer:
Aspirin:
It is acid derivative and used as medicine whereas other are organic nitrogen compounds used in medicine.
Question 2.
Trinitro glycerine, Glyceryl triacetate, Trinitro benzene, Trinitro toluene
Answer:
Glyceryl triacetate:
It is a an ester of glycerol whereas others are organic nitrogen compounds used in making explosives.
Question 3.
$\mathrm{N}$ - methyl methanamine, $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl ethanamine, $\mathrm{N}$ - phenyl benzamide, $\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$ - dimethyl methanamine
Answer:
$\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$ - dimethyl methanamine: It is an example of tertiary amine whereas others are secondary amine.
Question 4.
Propan - 2 - amine, $\mathrm{N}$ - ethyl - $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl, propan - 2 - amine, $\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$ - dimethyl methanamine, $\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$ - diethyl butan -1 - amine
Answer:
Propan - 2 - amine:
It is a secondary amine whereas others are tertiary amines.
Question 5.
$P$ - hydroxy azo benzene, Hydrazo benzene, $P$ - amino azo benzene, 2 - Phenyl azo - methyl phenol
Answer:
Hydrazo benzene: It is not a dye whereas others are dyes.

2. Tertiary nitro alkanes do not exhibit tautomerism due to absence of a-H atom.
Question 3.
Differentiate between nitro form and acid form of tautomerism of nitro methane.
Answer:
Nitro form
1. Less acidic
2. Dissolves in $\mathrm{NaOH}$ slowly.
3. Decolourises $\mathrm{FeCl}_3$ solution.
4. Electrical conductivity is low.
Aci form
1. More acidic and also called pseudo acids (or) Nitrolic acids.
2. Dissolves in $\mathrm{NaOH}$ instantly.
3. With $\mathrm{FeCI}_3$ gives reddish brown colour.
4. Electrical conductivity is high.

Question 4.
Compare the acid strength of the following compounds
1. Nitro methane
2. Nitro ethane
3. 2 - nitro propane.
Answer:
1. The $\alpha-\mathrm{H}$ atom of $1^0$ and $2^0$ nitroalkanes show acidic character because of the electron withdrawing effect of $\mathrm{NO}_2$ group.
2. Nitroalkanes dissolve in $\mathrm{NaOH}$ solution to form a salt.
3. When the number of alkyl group attached to a carbon increases, acidity decreases. due to +1 effect of alkyl groups.

Question 5.
Nitro benzene cannot be prepared from Bromo benzene by direct nitration. Give reason.
Answer:
Nitro benzene cannot be prepared from Bromo benzene because the bromine directly attached to the benzene ring cannot be cleaved easily.
Question 6.
How would you convert Acetaldoxime into Nitroethane?
Answer:
Oxidation of acetaldoxime and with trifluoro peroxy acetic acid gives nitroethane.

Question 7.
How is nitrobenzene from benzene?
Answer:
When benzene is heated with a nitrating mixture (Con. $\mathrm{HNO}_3+$ Con. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ ), at $330 \mathrm{~K}$, electrophilic substitution takes place to form nitro benzene.

Question 8.
How will you prepare $\mathrm{p}$ - dinitrobenzene from $\mathrm{p}$ - nitroanlline?
Answer:

Question 9.
How is amino group can be directly converted into nitro group? Explain with an example.
Answer:
Amino group can be directly converted into nitro group using caro's acid $\left(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_5\right.$ ) (or) persuiphuric acid ( $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}_2 \mathrm{O}_8$ )
(or) peroxytrifluro acetic acid $\left(\mathrm{F}_3 \mathrm{C} . \mathrm{COOOH}\right)$ as oxidising agent.

Question 10.
Explain the action of tin and hydrochloric acid with ethyl nitrite.
Answer:
Ethyl nitrite on reduction with $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$ gives ethanol.

Question 11.
Explain about the acid (or) basic hydrolysis of ethyl nitrite.

Answer:

Question 12 .
What is Chioropicrin? How is jt prepared? Give its uses.
Answer:
$\mathrm{CCI}_3 \mathrm{NO}_2$ is Chioropicrin. It is prepared from nitro methane with $\mathrm{Cl}_2$ in the presence of $\mathrm{NaOH}$. The a $-\mathrm{H}$ atom of nitroalkanes are successively replaced by halogen atoms. It is used as an insecticide.

Question 13.
Explain - Nef carbonly synthesis.
Answer:

Question 14.
What happens when nitrobenzene Is treated with $\mathrm{Ni}$ (or) $\mathrm{Pt}$ (or) $\mathrm{LiAIH}_4$ ?
Answer:
Nitrobenzene undergoes reduction with $\mathrm{Ni}$ (or) $\mathrm{Pt}$ (or) $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$ to give aniline.

Question 15 .
Write a note about structure of Amines.
Answer:
1. Nitrogen atom of amines is trivalent and carries a lone pair of electron and $\mathrm{sp}^3$ hybridised, out of the four $\mathrm{sp}^3$ hybridised orbitais of nitrogen, three $\mathrm{sp}^3$ orbitais overlap with orbitais of hydrogen (or) alkyl groups of carbon, the fourth $\mathrm{sp}^3$ orbital contains a lone pair of electron. Hence, amines posses pyramidal geometry.

2. Due to presence of lone pair of electron $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}$ (or) $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}-$ Cbond angle is less than the normal tetrahedral bond angle $109.5 \mathrm{v}$. For example, the $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{C}$ bond angle of trimethylamine is $108^{\circ}$. This is due to the repulsion between the bulky methyl groups.
Question 16.
How would you convert Nitroethane to ethanamine?
Answer:

Question 17.
Explain the action of $\mathrm{Pt}$ (or) $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$ with nitrobenzene.

Answer:

Question 18 .
Explain mendlus reaction.
Answer:
Reduction of alkyl or aryl cyanides with $\mathrm{Na} / \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$ is used as a reducing agent is called mendius reaction.

Question 19 .
Explain the action of sodium amalgum and ethanol with Methyl isocyanide.

Answer:

Question 20.
What happens when sodium azide is treated with methyl bromide?
Answer:

Quesion 21.
How would you convert chiorobenzene to aniline?
Answer:
When chiorobenzene is heated with alcoholic ammonia, aniline is obtained.

Question 22.
Explain Sabatier - MalIhe method.
Answer:
when vapour of an alcohol and ammonia are passed over alumina, $\mathrm{W}_2 \mathrm{O}_5$ (or) silica at $400^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, all types of amines are formed. This method is called Sabatier - Mailhe method.

Question 23.
Convert phenol into aniline.
Answer:
Phenol reacts with ammonia at $300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ in the presence of anhydrous $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2$ to give aniline.

Question 24.
Compare the boiling points of $10,2^{\circ}$ and $3^{\circ}$ amInes.
Answer:
1. The boiling point of various amines follows the order,

2. Due to the polar nature of primary and secondary amines, can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds using their lone pair of electron on nitrogen atom. However, tertiary amines do not form intermolecular hydrogen bond and they have lower boiling point than $1^{\circ}$ and $2^{\circ}$ amines.
Question 25.
Aniline is basic in nature. Justify this statement.
Answer:
The lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom in aniline makes it base. Aniline reacts with mineral acids to form salt.

Question 26 .
Alkyl amines are stronger bases than ammonia. Justify this statement.
Answer:
When a + I group like and alkyl group is attached to the nitrogen increase the electron density on nitrogen which makes the electron pair readily available for protonation. Hence alkyl amines are stronger than ammonia.

Question 27.
Explain the action of acretyl chloride with ethyl amine?

Answer:

Question 28.
What happens when ethylamine reacts with nitrous acid?
Answer:
Ethylamine reacts with nitrous acid to give ethyl diazonium chloride, which is unstable and it is converted to ethanol by liberating $\mathrm{N}_2$.

Question 29.
Explain the action of nitrous acid with $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl aniline.
Answer:
$\mathrm{N}$ - methyl aniline react with nitrous acid to give $\mathrm{N}$ - nitroso amine as yellow oily liquid which is insoluble in water.

Question 30.
Explain the action of nitrous acid with trimethyl amine.
Answer:
Aliphatic tertiary amine reacts with nitrous acid to form trialkyl ammonium nitrite salt, which is soluble in water.

Question 31.
What happens when nitrous acid is treated iith $\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$ - dimethyl aniline?
Answer:

Question 32 .
Explain Hoffmann mustard oil reaction. (or) Explain the action of $\mathrm{CS}_2$ with aniline.
Answer:
When aniline is treated with $\mathrm{CS}_2$, or heated together, $\mathrm{S}$ - diphenylthio urea is formed, which on boiling with strong $\mathrm{HCI}$, phenyl isothiocyanate (phenyl mustard oil), is formed.

The above reaction is known as Hoffmann mustard oil reaction.
Question 33.
Explain the action of $\mathrm{Br}_2$ water with aniline.
Answer:

Question 34 .
How would you prepare $\mathrm{p}$ - bromo aniline from aniline?
Answer:

Question 35.
How would you prepare $\mathrm{p}$ - nitro from aniline?
Answer:

Question 36 .
Explain the action of hypophosphrous acid with Benzene diazonium chloride. (or) Explain the action of ethanol with benzene diazonium chloride.

Answer:

Question 37.
Explain Gattermann reaction.

Answer:
Gattermann reaction.

Question 38 .
How would you get iodo benzene form benzene diazonium chloride.

Answer:

Question 39.
Explain Baltz - schiemann reaction.
Answer:
When benzene diazonium chloride is treated with fluoroboric acid, benezene diazonium tetra fluoroborate is precipitated which on heating decomposes to give fluorobenzene.

Question 40 .
Convert Benzene diazonium chloride into phenol.
Answer:

Question 41 .
StartIng form Benzene diazonium chloride, how will you get Nitrobenzene?
Answer:
When benzene diazonium chloride is treated with fluoroboric acid we get diazonium fluoroborate which on treated with sodium nitrite solution in the presence of copper, nitrobenzene is obtained.

Question 42 .
Convert benzene diazonium chloride to benzoic acid

Answer:

Question 43.
Explain the action of $\mathrm{SnCl}_2$ and $\mathrm{HCl}$ with benzene diazonium chloride.
Answer:

Question 44.
Starting from benzene diazonium chloride, how would you get bright organge azo dye?
Answer:

Question 45.
Write the structural formula and TUPAC name of the following compounds.
1. Isobutyl nitrite
2. Benzo nitrile
Answer:
1. Isobutyl nitrite

2 - methyll propane nitrile
2. Benzo nitrile $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CN}$ Benzene carbo nitrile
Question 46.
Draw the structural formula of
1. 3-cyano butanoic acid
2. 2 -bromo-3-chloro-3-methyl pentane nitrile.
Answer:
1. 3-cyano butanoic acid

2. 2 - bromo - 3 - chloro

-3-methyl pentane nitrile
Question 47.
How will you get propane nitrile from ethyl bromide?
Answer:

Question 48 .
Starting from methyl magnesium bromide, how would you obtain ethane nitrile?
Answer:

Question 49.
Explain thrope nitrite condensation.
Answer:
Self condensation of two molecules of alkyl nitrile in the presence of sodium to form iminonitrile is called Thrope nitnie condensation.

Question 50 .
Explain Levine and hauser acetylation.
Answer:
The nitrites containing $\alpha$-hydrogen also undergo condensation with esters in the presence of sodamide in ether to form ketoriitriles. This reaction is known as Levine and hauser acetylation.

Question 51 .
How would you prepare the following compounds by carbylamines reaction.
1. Methyl isocyanide
2. Phenyl isocyanide
Answer:

Question 52.
Complete the following reactions.
(i) $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{Br}+\mathrm{AgCN} \stackrel{\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}}{\longrightarrow}$

(ii)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

Question 53.
How is methyl isocyanide changed to methyl cyanide?
Answer:

Question 54.
What are the uses of nitrobenzene?
Answer:
1. Nitro benzene is used to produce lubricating oils in motors and machinery.
2. It is used in the manufacture of dyes, drugs, pesticides, synthelic rubber, aniline and explosives like TNT, TNB.
Question 55.
Primary amines have higher boiling points than tertiary amines why?
Answer:
Due to the presence of two $\mathrm{H}$ - atom on $\mathrm{N}$ - atoms of primary amines they undergo extensive intermolecular $\mathrm{H}$ bonding while tertiary amines due to the absence of a $\mathrm{H}$ - atom on the $\mathrm{N}-$ atom do not undergo $\mathrm{H}-$ bonding. As a result primary amines have higher boiling points than tertiary amines.
Question 56.
How is $\mathrm{m}$ - nitroaniline obtained from nitrobenzene?
Answer:

Question 57.
How is aniline obtained from benzoic acid?
Answer:

Question 58 .
How will you convert benzene into aniline?
Answer:

Question 59.
How will you distinguish between.

(a)

(b)

Answer:
1. By reacting with $\mathrm{NaNO}_2$ and $\mathrm{HCl}$ at the temperature of around 0 to $5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, Aniline will from diazonium salt. $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NH}_2$ will form methanol and bubbles of $\mathrm{N}_2$ gas will come out of the solution.
2. By Hinsberg's reagent, $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{SO}_2 \mathrm{CI}\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}$ will not react. $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}$ will form a product which is insoluble in alkali.
Question 60.
Account for any two of the following.
1. Amines are basic substances while amides are neutral.
2. Aromatic amines are weaker bases than aliphatic amines.
Answer:
1. In amines alkyl group is an electron releasing group which increases the electron density on nitrogen thus making them basic whereas in amides

group is electron withdrawing, therefore they are neutral.
2. It is because aryl group is an electron withdrawing group which decreases electron density on nitrogen atom, making them less basic whereas alkyl group is electron releasing which makes alkylamines more basic.
Question 61.
1. Assign a reason for the following statements - Alkylamines are stronger bases than arylamines.
2. How would you convert methylamine into ethylamine?
Answer:
1. It is because in arylamines the $-\mathrm{NH}_2$ group is attached directly to the benzene ring. It results in the unshared electron pair on nitrogen atom to be in conjugation with the benzene ring and thus making it less available for protonation whereas alkyl group are electron releasing group.

Question 62.
1. How will you convert an alkyl halide to a primary amine whose molecule has one carbon atom more than the used alkyl halide molecule?
2. Why are amines more basic than the comparable alcohols.
Answer:
1.

2. Due less electronegativity of oxygen atom as compared to nitrogen, amines are more basic than alcohols.
Question 63.
Aniline gets coloured on standing in air for a long time. Why?
Answer:
Due to strong electron - donating effect ( $+\mathrm{R}$ effect) of $\mathrm{NH}_2$ group, the electron density on the benzene ring increases. As a result, aniline is easily oxidised on standing in air for a long time to form coloured products.
Question 64.
$\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONH}_2$ is a weaker base than $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2$. Why?
Answer:
Due to resonance, the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom in $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONH}_2$ is delocalised over the keto group.
There is no such effect ip $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2$. Due to reduction in electron density on $\mathrm{N}-$ atom of $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CONH}_2$, it is a weaker base than $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2$.
Question 65.
Write chemical equation for the following conversions:
1. $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{Cl}$ into $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{NH}_2$
2. $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{Cl}$ into $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2$
Answer:

3 Marks Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Write about the classification of organic nitro compounds.
Answer:

Question 2.

Draw the structural formula of the following compounds.
1. 2-methyl - 1 - nltropropane
2. 2,2-dimethyl-1- nitropropane
3. Nitrobenzene
Answer:

Question 3.
Draw the structural formula of the following compounds.
1. 2 - nitro -1 - methyl benzene
2. 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene
3. 2-phenyl-1- nitroethane
Answer:

Question 4.
Write the possible isomers for the formula $\mathrm{C}_4 \mathrm{H}_9 \mathrm{NO}_2$.

Answer:

Question 5.
How would you prepare nitro ethane from the following compounds?
1. $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{Br}$
2. $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_3$
Answer:

Question 6.
Mention any two methods of preparation of nitro methane.

Answer:

Question 7.
Explain the
1. acid medium reduction
2. neutral medium reduction of Nitromethane.
Answer:

Question 8.
What happens when hydrochloric acid is treated with
1. Nitro ethane
2. 2 - nitropropane
3. 2 - methyl-2- nitro propane
(or)
How would you distinguish $1^{\circ}, 2^{\circ}, 3^{\circ}$ nitro compounds?
Answer:

Question 9.
Explain the following reactions using nitro benzene.
1. Chlorination
2. Nitration
3. Suiphonation
Answer:

Question 10 .
Give the structural formula and IUPAC name of the following compounds.
1. Isopropvl amine
2. Allyl amine
3. Hexamethyl diamine
Answer:

Question 11.
Draw the structural formula and write the IUPAC name of
1. Methyl isopropyl amine
2. Diethyl butyl amine
3. Ethyl methyl ispropylamine
Answer:
1. Methyl isopropyl amine:

2. Diethyl butyl amine:

$\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$ - diethyl butan - 1 - amine
3. Ethyl methyl ispropylamine:

$\mathrm{N}-$ ethyl $-\mathrm{N}-$ methyl propan -2 - amine
Question 12 .
Draw the structural formula and write the IUPAC name of
1. $N, N$-dimethyl aniline
2. Benzyl amine
3. N-methyl benzylamine
Answer:
1. N, N-dimethyl aniline

$\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{N}$-dimethyl benzamine
2. Benzyl amine

Phenyl methanamine
3. $\mathrm{N}-$ methyl benzylamine

$\mathrm{N}$-methyl phenyl methanamine
Question 13.
Explain the alkylation reaction of methylamine with equation.
Answer:
Alkylation:
Primary amines reacts with alkyl halides to give successively $2^{\circ}$ and $3^{\circ}$ amines and quaternary ammonium salts.

Question 14.
Explain about the suiphonation reaction of aniline.
Answer:
Aniline reacts with Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ to form anilinium hydrogen sulphate which on heating with $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ at $453-473 \mathrm{~K}$ gives $\mathrm{p}$ - aminobenzene suiphonic acid, commonly known as suiphanilic acid, as the major product.

Question 15.
Explain Sandmeyer reaction with example.
Answer:
On mixing freshly prepared solution of benzene diazonium chloride with cuprous halides, aryl halides are formed.
This reaction is called Sandmeyer reaction.

Question 16.
Write the structural formula and IUPAC name of the following compounds.
1. Methyl cyanide
2. Propionitrile
3. Butyro nitrile
Answer:
1. $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CN}$ - Ethane nitrile
2. $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CN}$ - Propane nitrile
3. $\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CN}-$ Butane nitnie.
Question 17.
How would you produce Ethane nitrite form the following compounds?
1. Acetamide
2. Ammonium acetate
3. Acetaldoxime
Answer:

Question 18.
Explain the action of following reagent with ethane nitrile.
1. Dilute mineral acid
2. $\mathrm{Ni} / \mathrm{H}_2$
Answer:

Question 19.
What happens when methyl isocyanide reacts with the following reagents?
1. Mineral acid
2. $\mathrm{Na}+\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$
Answer:

Question 20 .
Explain the addition reactions of alkyl Isocyanide with
1. halogen
2. sulphur
3. ozone
Answer:

Question 21.
What are the uses of aliphatic nitro compounds.
Answer:
1. Nitromethane is used as a fuel for cars.
2. Chloropicrrn $\left(\mathrm{CCI}_3 \mathrm{NO}_2\right)$ is used as an insecticide
3. Nitroethane is used as a fuel additive and precursor to explosive and they are good solvents for polymers, cellulose ester, synthetic rubber and dyes etc,
Question 22.
Explain about the structure and uses of Mitomycin.
Answer:
1. Mitomycin $\mathrm{C}$, and anticancer agent used to treat stomach and colon cancer, contains an aziridine ring.
2. The aziridine functional group participates in the drug's degradation by DNA, resulting in the death of cancerous cells.

Question 23
Complete the following reactions.

(i)

(ii)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

Question 24.
Convert Methanamine into Ethanamine.
Answer:

Question 25.
Convert Ethanamic into Methanamine.
Answer:

Question 26.
How would you obtain Benzoic acid from aniline?
Answer:

Question 27.
Complete the following reactions.
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Question 28.
Write the reactions of
1. aromatic and
2. aliphatic primary amines with nitrous acid.
Answer:
Aromatic primary amines react with $\mathrm{HNO}_2$ at $273-278 \mathrm{~K}$ to form aromatic diazonium salts.

Aliphatic primary amines also react with $\mathrm{HNO}_2$ at $273-278 \mathrm{~K}$ to form aliphatic diazonium salts. But these are unstable even at low temperature and thus decomposes readily to form a mixture of compounds consisting of alkyl chlorides, alkenes and alcohols, out of which alcohols generally predominates.

Question 29
Given plausible explanation for each of the following.
1. Why are amines less acidic than alcohols of comparable molecular masses?
2. Why do primary amines have higher boiling point than tertiary amines?
3. Why are aliphatic amines stronger bases than aromatic amines?
Answer:
1. It is because $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{O}^{\circ}$ is more stable than $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NH}^{\circ}$ because oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen.
2. Due to the presence of two $\mathrm{H}$ - atoms on $\mathrm{N}$ - atom of primary amines, they undergo extensive intennolecular $\mathrm{H}$ bonding while tertiary amines due to the absence of a $\mathrm{H}$ - atoms on the $\mathrm{N}-$ atom do not undergo $\mathrm{H}-$ bonding. As a result, primary amines have higher boiling point than tertiary amines of comparable molecular masses.
3. It is because there is electron withdrawing, $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5$ group in aromatic amines which makes them less basic than aliphatic amines in which alkyl group is electron releasing.
Question 30.
Account for the following.
1. Primary amines $\left(\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{NH}_2\right)$ have higher boiling point than tertiary amines $\left(\mathrm{R}_3 \mathrm{~N}\right)$.
2. Aniline does not undergo Friedel - Crafts reaction.
3. $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}$ Is more basic than $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}$ in an aqueous solution.
Answer:
1. Due to maximum intermolecular hydrogen bonding in primary amines (due to presence of more number of $\mathrm{H}$ atoms), primary amines have higher boiling point in comparison to tertiary amines.
2. Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction due to acid-base reaction. Aniline and a Lewis Acid / Protic Acid, which is used in Friedel-crafts reaction.
3. In $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}$ there is maximum steric hindrance and least solvation but in $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}$ the solvation is more group; di-methyl amine is still a stronger base than trimethyl amine.
Question 31.
Write the structures of $A, B$ and $C$ in the following reactions.

(i)

(ii)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

Question 32 .
Predict, giving reasons the order of basicity of the following compounds.
1. gaseous phase
2. In aqueous solution $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{~N},\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}, \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NH}_2, \mathrm{NH}_3$
Answer:
1. In gaseous phase, basic character of amines increases with the increase in the number of electron the releasing alkyl groups due to $+\mathrm{I}$ effect so the trend of basic character is $3^{\circ}>2^{\circ}>1^{\circ}>\mathrm{NH}_3$. Therefore, $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}>\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{NH}$ $>\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NH}_2>\mathrm{NH}_3$.
2. In aqueous phase, solvation of ammonium cation occurs by warer molecules, greater the size of ion, lesser will be the solvation and lesser will be the stability of ion. So on combining $+\mathrm{I}$ effect and solvation effect, in aqueous phase trend changes to $2^{\circ}>1^{\circ}>3^{\circ},\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{NH}>\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{NH}_2>\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{~N}>\mathrm{NH}_3$.
Question 33.
Identify $A$ and B in the following reactions.

(i)

(ii)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

Question 34.
What happens when. (Write reactions only)
1. Nitroethane is treated with $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$.
2. Diazonium chloride reacts with phenol in basic medium.
Answer:

Question 35 .
How would you achieve the following conversions.
(i) Nitrobenzene to aniline
(ii) An alkyl halide to a quarternary ammonium salt.
(iii) Aniline to benzonitrile.
Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Question 36.
What happens when (write reactions only).
(i) Nitropropane is treated with $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$.
(ii) Ethyl lsocyañide undergoes hydrolysis.
(iii) Benzene diazonium chloride reacts with phenol $\mathrm{i}$ basic medium.
Answer:
(i) $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NO}_2 \stackrel{\mathrm{LiAlH}_4}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$
(ii) $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{~N} \mathrm{C}+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NH}_2+\mathrm{HCOOH}$

(iii)

Question 37.
Identify $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{B}$ in the following reactions.

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Question 38 .
Identify $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{B}$ in the following reactions

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Answer:

(I)

(ii)

(iii)

Question 39.
A compound ' $x$ ' having molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{NO}$ reacts with $\mathrm{Br}_2$ in the presence of $\mathrm{KOH}$ to give another compound ' $y$ '. The compound ' $y$ ' reacts with $\mathrm{HNO}_2$ to form ethanol. and $\mathrm{N}_2$ gas. Identify the compounds $x$ andy and write the reactions involved.
Answer:

Question 40 .
An organic compound ' $\mathrm{A}$ ' having molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{~N}$ on hydrolysis gave a nother compound ' $\mathrm{B}$ ' The compound ' $\mathrm{B}$ ' on treatment with $\mathrm{HNO}_2$ gave ethyl alcohol. ' $\mathrm{B}$ ' on warming with $\mathrm{CHCI}_3$ and alcoholic caustic potash gave an offensive smelling substance ' $\mathrm{C}$ '. Identify ' $\mathrm{A}$ ', ' $B$ ' and ' $\mathrm{C}$ '.
Answer:

5 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Explain the various reduction reactions of nitrobenzene.
Answer

Question 2.
What happens when nitrous acid react with
(i) Ethyl amine
(ii) Aniline
(iii) $\mathrm{N}$ - methyl aniline
(iv) Trimethyl amine
(v) N, N-dimethyl aniline
Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 3.
Starting from Benzene diazonium chloride, how would you prepare
(i) Benzene
(ii) Phenol
(iii) Nitro benzene
(iv) Benzolc acid
(v) Fluorobenzene
Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 4.
Starting from Benzene diazonium chloride, how would you prepare
(i) Biphenyl
(ii) Phenyl hydrazine
(iii) $\mathrm{p}$ - hydroxy azo benzene
(iv) $\mathrm{p}$ - amino azo benzene
(v) Chioro benzene

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 5.
Convert aniline into the following compounds.
(i) $\mathrm{N}$ - phenyl benzamide
(ii) Phenyl isothiocyanate
(iii) 2, 4, 6-tribromo aniline
(iv) Sulphanilinic acid
(v) Phenyl isocyanide

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 6.
An organic compound (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{~N}$ on reaction with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at $0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ gives (B) of formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{Cl}$. (B) on treatment with cuprous cyanide give (C) of formula $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{~N}$. (C) on reaction with sodium and ethanol gives (D) of formula $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_9 \mathrm{~N}$. (D) on reaction with nitrous acid gives (E) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$. Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}, \mathrm{D}$ and $\mathrm{E}$ and explain the reactions involved.
Answer:
1. (A) is identified as Aniline from the molecular formula.
2. Aniline on reaction with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at $0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, diazotisation take place and the product (B) formed is benzene diazonium chloride.

3. Benzene diazonium chloride on treatment with $\mathrm{CuCN}$ produces (C) as cyano benzene.

4. Cyano benzene on reaction with $\mathrm{Na}$ and $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$ undergoes reduction reaction to give (D) as benzvlamine.

5. Benzylamine on treatment with nitrous acid gives benzyl alcohol as (E).

Question 7.
Complete the following reactions and identify the A, B and C in these reaction.

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 8.
An aromatic compound 'A' on treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating forms compound 'B' which on heating with $\mathrm{Br}_2$ and $\mathrm{KOH}$ forms a compound ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{~N}$. Write the structures and IUPAC names of compound $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{C}$.
Answer:
Step - 1: To find out the structure of compounds ' $B$ ' and ' $C$ '.
1. Since compound ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' with molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{~N}$ is formed from compound ' $\mathrm{B}$ ' on treatment with $\mathrm{Br}_2+\mathrm{KOH}$ (i.e., Hoffmatm bromamide reaction). Therefore, compound ' $B$ ' must be an amide and ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' must be an amine. The only amine having the molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{~N}$ is $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{NH}_2$ (i.e., aniline or benzenamine).
2. Since ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' is aniline, therefore, the amide from which it is formed must be benzamide $\left(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{CONH}_2\right)$. Thus, compound ' $\mathrm{B}$ ' is benzamide. The chemical equation showing the conversion of ' $\mathrm{B}$ ' to ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' is

Step - 2:
To find out the structure of compound 'A'. Since compound 'B' is formed from compound 'A' by treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating. Therefore, compound 'A' must be benzoic acid or benzenecarboxylic acid.

Question 9.
An aromatic compound ' $\mathrm{A}$ ' of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{ON}$ undergoes a series of reactions as shown below. Write the structures of $A, B, C, D$ and $E$ in the following reactions.

Answer:

Question 10.
Write reactions and conditions required for the following conversions.
(i) Aniline to benzene
(ii) Methylamine to methylcyanide
(iii) Propanenitrile to ethylamine
(iv) $\mathrm{m}$ - Bromoaniline to $\mathrm{m}$ - bromophenol
(v) Nitrobenzene to $2,4,6$-tribromoaniline.
Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Question 11.
A compound 'A' of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{O}_2 \mathrm{~N}$ on reaction with $\mathrm{Fe}$ and cone. $\mathrm{HCI}$ gives a compound 'B' of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_9 \mathrm{~N}$. Compound ' $\mathrm{B}$ ' on treatment with $\mathrm{NaNO}_2$ and $\mathrm{HCI}$ gives another compound ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$. The compound ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' has molecular formula, $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_8 \mathrm{O}$. The compound ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' gives effervescence with $\mathrm{Na}$. On oxidation with $\mathrm{CrO}_3$, the compound ' $\mathrm{C}$ ' gives a saturated aldehyde containing three carbon atoms. Deduce the structures of A, B and C and write the equations for the reaction involved.

Answer:

Question 12 .
Identify compounds $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{C}$ in the following reactions.

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Answer:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Question 13 .
A aromatic hydrocarbon (A) of molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6$ reacts with Conc. $\mathrm{HNO}_3$ and Conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$ gives (B) of formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{O}_2 \mathrm{~N}$. (B) on reaction with $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$ gives (C) of formula $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_7 \mathrm{~N}$ which answers carbylamine reaction.
(C) on treatment with chloroform and alkali gives (D) of formula $\mathrm{C}_7 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{~N}$. Identify A, B, C, D and explain the reactions involved.
Answer:

Question 14.
Convert the following.
(i) Nitro benzene $\rightarrow$ Benzene
(ii) Benzene $\rightarrow$ Benzoic acid
Answer:

(i)

(ii)

Common Errors
1. TUPAC name of nitro compounds.
2. If the formula ends as $-\mathrm{NO}_2$, the students always think of nitro only.
3. Reducing agents may be different for different medium.
4. Basic character of amines is always difficult to remember.
5. Cyanide and isocyanide formula may get confusing.
Rectifications
1. Both common name and IUPAC names are same for aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds.
2. $-\mathrm{NO}_2$ may be

- Acid medium reducing agent: $\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCI}$
- Neutral medium reducing agent: $\mathrm{Zn}+\mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{CI}$
- Basic medium reducing agent: $\mathrm{Zn} / \mathrm{NaOH}$
- Catalytic reducing agent: $\mathrm{Ni}, \mathrm{Pt}, \mathrm{LiAlH}_4$
4. $2^{\circ}$ amine $>3^{\circ}$ amine $>1^{\circ}$ amine $>\mathrm{NH}_3$

Alkyl group is connected to $-\underline{\mathrm{C}} \mathrm{N}$. $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{Cyanide}$. If alkyl group connected to $-\underline{\mathrm{NC}}$ Isocyandie

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Additional Question - Chapter 13 Organic Nitrogen Compounds 12th Chemistry Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

Updated On August 15, 2024

By SaraNextGen

Also Read : Additional-Questions-Chapter-14-Biomolecules-12th-Chemistry-Guide-Samacheer-Kalvi-Solutions

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