Additional Questions - Chapter 10 Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany 12th Biology Botany Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

Updated By SaraNextGen

On April 24, 2024, 11:35 AM

Additional Questions and Answers
1 - Mark Questions
Question 1.
Paddy, Wheat and Sorghum, etc., comes under the category of cereals. All the members of cereals belong to which of the following family?
(a) Fabaceae
(b) Poaceae
(c) Leguminoneae
(d) Caesalpinaeceae
Answer:
(b) Poaceae
Question 2.
Match the common names of the given plant species with their respective binomials

Answer:
(a) A - iii, B-iv, C-iv, C-ii and D - i

Question 3.
Given below are the plant species and their parts used. Which is the incorrect pair(s)?
(i) Cajanus cajan : Seeds
(ii) Anacardium occidentale : nuts
(iii) Borassus flabellifer : Endosperm
(iv) Capsicum annum : leaves
(a) $i$ and ii
(b) ii and iii
(c) iii only
(d) iv only
Answer:
(d) iv only
Question 4.
Identify the tamil name for flaked rice
(a) $\mathrm{Nel}$
(b) Aval
(c) Pori
(d) Umi
Answer:
(b) Aval
Question 5.
Pigeon pea is the common name for.
(a) Vigna radiata
(b) Vigna mungo
(c) Cajanus cajan
(d) Sorghum vulgare
Answer:
(c) Cajanus cajan
Question 6.
Sorghum is ................. native to continent.
Answer:
Africa
Question 7.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) $1-i i, 2-i i i, 3-i v$ and $4-i$
Question 8.

...................... is the state tree of Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Palmyra
Question 9.
Statement 1: Arachis hypogea belongs to Fabaceae Statement 2: It is a native of Brazil.
(a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is also correct
(b) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect
(c) Statement 1 is incorrect and Statement 2 is correct
(d) Both the Statements are incorrect
Answer:
(a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is also correct
Question 10 .
Statement 1: Chinese discovered the paper.
Statement 2: Eucalyptus and Casuarina are the widely used tree species for making paper pulp.
(a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is also correct
(b) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect
(c) Statement 1 is incorrect and Statement 2 is correct
(d) Both the Statements are incorrect
Answer:
(a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is also correct
Question 11.
Statement 1: Andrographis paniculata is known as King of Bitters.
Statement 2: The decoction of Andrographis is used against Diabetes mellitus.
(a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is also correct
(b) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect
(c) Statement 1 is incorrect and Statement 2 is correct
(d) Both the Statements are incorrect
Answer:
(b) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect
Question 12.
Statement 1: Aloe vera belongs to the family Asphodelaceae.
Statement 2: Jasminum grandiflorum belongs to the family of Oleaceae.
(a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is also correct

(b) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect
(c) Statement 1 is incorrect and Statement 2 is correct
(d) Both the Statements are incorrect
Answer:
(a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is also correct
Question 13.
Which district of Tamil Nadu is the World's largest wholesale turmeric dealer?
Answer:
Erode
Question 14.
Assertion (A): Turmeric is used to treat cancer.
Reason (R): Curcumin is biomolecule present in turmeric.
(a) $A$ is right $R$ is wrong
(b) Both $A$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are wrong
(c) $A$ is wrong $R$ is right
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are right. $\mathrm{R}$ explains $\mathrm{A}$.
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are right. $\mathrm{R}$ explains $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 15.
Assertion (A): Black pepper is a spice.
Reason (R): Condiments are flavouring substances, generally added after the cooking of food.
(a) $\mathrm{A}$ is right $\mathrm{R}$ is wrong
(b) R explains $A$
(c) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are right. $\mathrm{R}$ is not correct explanation for $\mathrm{A}$.
(d) Both $A$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are wrong
Answer:
(c) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are right. $\mathrm{R}$ is not correct explanation for $\mathrm{A}$.
Question 16.
Select the new world species of cotton.
(i) Gossypium hirsutum
(ii) Gossypium arboreum
(iii) Gossypium arboreum
(iv) Gossipium
(a) $i$ and ii only
(b) $i$ and iii only
(c) iii and iv only
(d) ii and iv only
Answer:
(a) $i$ and ii only
Question 17.
Binomial of teak is .......................

Answer:
Tectona grandis
Question 18.
The plant source of Marijuana is
(a) Andrographis paniculata
(b) Phyllanthus maderspatensis
(c) Cannabis sativa
(d) Papaver somniferum
Answer:
(c) Cannabis sativa
Question 19.
Identify the incorrect statements:
(a) Morphine is used as potent hepatoprotective.
(b) Phyllanthin is used as a strong analgesic in surgery.
(c) Indian Acalypha is used to cure skin diseases.
(d) Cissus quadrangularis is widely used for treating bone fractures.
(i) a and $c$
(ii) a and $d$
(iii) $b$ and $c$
(iv) a and $b$
Answer:
(iv) a and $b$
Question 20.
Identify the mismatched pair:
(a) Holy basil - Ocimum sanctum
(b) Indian gooseberry - Phyllanthus amarus
(c) Vilvam - Aegle marmelos
(d) Veldt grape - Cissus quadrangularis
Answer:
(b) Indian gooseberry - Phyllanthus amarus
Question 21.
The active principle in Marijuana is
Answer:
Trans-tetrahydrocanabinal (THC).

Question 22.
The second GI tag for Jasmine is 'Madurai Malli', which jasmine type has got the first GI tag?
Answer:
'Mysore Malli'
Question 23.
The principal coloring agent present in the leaf paste of Lawsonia inermis which give orange to dark red when applied on skin is
Answer:
Lacosone
Question 24.
Which state of India ranks first in coffee consumption?
Answer:
Tamil Nadu
Question 25.
Name the plant family to which the coffee plant belongs to?
Answer:
Rubiaceae
2-Mark Questions
Question 1.
Give the binomials of paddy and wheat.
Answer:
1. Paddy : Oryza sativa.
2. Wheat: Triticum aestivum.
Question 2.
What is maida? Mention its culinary purpose.
Answer:
Processed wheat flour, that has little fibre, is called Maida which is used extensively in making parota, naan and bakery products.
Question 3.
Name any four millet varieties.
Answer:

Finger millet, Sorghum, Foxtail millet and Kodo millet.
Question 4.
Ragi rich food helps to overcome bone related ailments - justify.
Answer:
Ragi (Finger millet) is a kind of millet which has less glycemic index and rich in calcium. Hence consuming ragi food items enhances the bone strength.
Question 5.
Eating millets is good for diabetic patients. How?
Answer:
Millets are gluten free and have less glycemic index, hence it is good for diabetic patients.
Question 6.
Write the health benefits of Kodo millet.
Answer:
Kodo millet is a good diuretic and cures constipation. Helps to reduce obesity, blood sugar and blood pressure.
Question 7.
Name the family does the cereals and pulses belong to.
Answer:
1. Cereals belong to the family Poaceae.
2. Pulses belong to the family Fabaceae.
Question 8.
Write the common name for
1. Vigna radiata
2. Cajanus cajatt
Answer:
1. Vigna radiata - Green gram.
2. Cajanus cajan - Red gram or pigeon pea.
Question 9.
Why do we take vegetables in our diet?
Answer:
Vegetables are the important part of healthy eating and provide many nutrients, including potassium, fiber, folic acid and vitamins A, E and C. The nutrients in vegetables are vital for maintenance of our health.
Question 10.
Write the binomial and the family to which lady's finger belongs to.
Answer:
Binomial of lady's finger is Abelmoschus esculentus.
Family: Malvaceae.
Question 11.
Which is our National fruit and State tree of Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
1. National fruit of India is Mango.
2. State tree of Tamil Nadu is Palmyra.
Question 12.
Point out the uses of sugarcane.
Answer:
Sugar cane is the raw material for extracting white sugar. Sugarcane supports large number of industries like sugar mills producing refined sugars, distilleries producing liquor grade ethanol and millions of jaggery manufacturing units. Fresh sugarcane juice is a refreshing drink. Molasses is the raw material for the production of ethyl alcohol.
Question 13.
What is toddy?
Answer:
Inflorescence of palmyra is tapped for its sap which is used as health drink. Sap is processed to get palm jaggery or fermented to give toddy.
Question 14.
How coffee plants are introduced to India?
Answer:
Coffea arabica is the prime source of commercial coffee which is native to the tropical Ethiopia. An Indian Muslim saint, Baba Budan introduced coffee from Yemen to Mysore.
Question 15.
Compare Spices and Condiments.
Answer:
Spices are accessory foods mainly used for flavouring during food preparation to improve , their palatability. Spices are aromatic plant products and are characterized by sweet or bitter taste. Spices are added in minimal quantities during the cooking process. For example black pepper. Condiments, on the other hand, are flavouring substances having a sharp taste and are usually added to food after cooking. For example, curry leaves.
Question 16.
Mention any two Jute species.
Answer:
1. Corchorus capsularis
2. Corchorus olitorius
Question 17.
Name the plant species used for making paper pulp.
Answer:
Wood of Melia azadirachta, Neolamarkia chinensis, Casuarina spp and Eucalyptus spp are used for making paper pulp.
Question 18 .
What does NCB stands for? Mention its role.
Answer:
The Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) is the nodal drug law enforcement and intelligence agency of India and is responsible for fighting drug trafficking and the abuse of illegal substances.
3 - Mark Questions
Question 19.
Write a short note on foxtail millet. Foxtail Millet
Answer:
1. Botanical name: Setaria italica This is one of the oldest millet used traditionally in India. Which is domesticated first in China about 6000 years. Rich in protein, carbohydrate, vitamin B and C, Potassium and Calcium.
2. Uses:It supports in strengthening of heart and improves eye sight. Thinai porridge is given to lactating mother.
Question 20.
Write the botanical name and culinary uses of green gram.
Answer:
Botanical name: Vigna radiata Uses It can be used as roasted, cooked and sprouted pulse. Green gram is one of the ingredients of pongal, a popular breakfast dish in Tamil Nadu. Fried dehulled and broken or whole green gram is used as popular snack. The flour is traditionally used as a cosmetic, especially for the skin.

Question 21.
Mention the ways in which mangoes are used in Indian culinary.
Answer:
Mango is the major table fruit of India, which is rich in beta carotenes. It is utilized in many ways, as dessert, canned, dried and preserves in Indian cuisine. Sour, unripe mangoes are used in chutneys, pickles, side dishes, or may be eaten raw with salt and chili. Mango pulp is made into jelly. Aerated and non-aerated fruit juice is a popular soft drink.
Question 22.
Write a note on origin and area of cultivation of cotton.
Answer:
Cotton is one of the oldest cultivated crops of the world. It has been cultivated for about 8000 years both in new world and in old world. Commercial cotton comes from four cotton species: two from the new world and two from the old world.
1. Gossypium hirsutum
2. G.barbadense are the New world species and
3. G. arboretum
4. G. herbaceum are the old world species. In India, cotton is cultivated in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
Question 23.
What is vulcanization? Who invented it?
Answer:
The heating of the rubber with sulphur under pressure at $150^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ is called vulcanization. It was invented by Charles Goodyear.
Question 24.
Write a note on Henna.
Answer:
1. Botanical name: Lawsonia inermis.
2. Family: Lythraceae.
3. Origin and Area of cultivation: It is indigenous to North Africa and South-west Asia. It is grown mostly throughout India, especially in Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
4. Uses: An orange dye 'Henna' is obtained from the leaves and young shoots of Lawsonia inermis. The principal colouring matter of leaves Tacosone" is harmless and causes no irritation to the skin. This dye has long been used to dye skin, hair and finger nails. It is used for. colouring leather, for the tails of horses and in hair-dyes.

Question 25.
What are organic pesticides?
Answer:
Pest like aphids, spider and mites can cause serious damage to flowers, fruits, and vegetables. These creatures attack the garden in swarms, and drain the life of the crop and often invite disease in the process. Many chemical pesticides prove unsafe for human and the environment. It turns fruits and vegetables unsafe for consumption. Thankfully, there are many homemade, organic options to turn to war against pests.
5 - Mark Questions
Question 26.
Write the botanical name, origin, cultivational area and uses of Black gram.
Answer:
1. Botanical name : Vigna mungo
2. Origin and Area of cultivation : Black gram is native to India. Earliest archeobotanical evidences record the presence of black gram about 3,500 years ago. It is cultivated as a rain fed crop in drier parts of India. India contributes to $80 \%$ of the global production of black gram. Important states growing black gram in India are Uttar Pradesh, Chattisgarh and Karnataka.
3. Uses : Black gram is eaten whole or split, boiled or roasted or ground into fl our. Black gram batter is a major ingredients for the preparation of popular Southern Indian breakfast dishes. Split pulse is used in seasoning Indian curries.
Question 27.
Give a detailed account on any one fibe yielding plant. Jute
Answer:
1. Botanical name: Corchorus app.
2. Family: Malvaceae
3. Origin and Area of cultivation: Jute is derived from the two cultivated species Corchorus capsularis Colittorius is of African origin whereas C. Capsularis, is believed to Indo- Burmaese origin. It is an important cultivated commercial crop in Gangetic plains of India and Bangladesh.
4. Use : It is one of the largest exported fibre material of India. The jute industry occupies an important place in the national economy of India. Jute is used for 'safe' packaging in view of being natural, renewable, bio-degradable and eco-friendly product. It is used in bagging and wrapping textile. About $75 \%$ of the jute produced is used for manufacturing sacks and bags. It is also used in manufacture of blankets, rags, curtains etc. It is also being used as a textile fibre in recent years.

Question 28.
Draw a table mentioning binominals, family name, useful part and their medical uses of any five local medicinal plants.
Answer:

Question 29.
Explain the stepwise preparation of Bio-pest repellent from the leaves of Azadirachta indica
Answer:
Botanical pest repellent and insecticide made with the dried leaves of Azadirachta indica Preparation of Bio-pest repellent
1. Pluck leaves from the neem tree and chop the leaves finely.
2. The chopped up leaves were put in a 50-liter container and fill to half with water; put the lid on and leave it for 3 days to brew.
3. Using another container, strain the mixture which has brewed for 3 days to remove the leaves, through fine mesh sieve. The filtrate can be sprayed on the plants to repel pests.
4. To make sure that the pest repellent sticks to the plants, add $100 \mathrm{ml}$ of cooking oil and the same amount of soap water. (The role of the soap water is to break down the oil, and the role of the oil is to make it stick to the leaves).
5. The stewed leaves from the mixture can be used in the compost heap or around the base of the plants.
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs) Questions
Question 1.
The following are the binomials of economically useful plants. Mention their respective families.
(a) Borassus flabellifer
(b) Mangifera indica
(c) Saccharum officinarum
(d) Curcuma longa
(e) Capsicum annum
(f) Tamarindus indica
Answer:

Question 2.
Name the plant source from which the following products are obtained.
1. Maida
2. Rubber
3. Morphine
4. Coffee
Answer:
1. Maida - Triticum durum
2. Rubber - Hevea brasiliensis
3. Morphine-Papaver somniferum
4. Coffee - Coffea arabica
Question 3.
Mention the plant species or their products which are popularly known as
1. Queen of species
2. Black Gold of India and
3. King of bitters.
Answer:
1. Queen of Species - Cardamom
2. Black Gold of India - Pepper
3. King of bitters - Andrographis paniculata
Question 4.
Complete the statements.
1. Alphonsa is a variety of
2. Cayenne pepper is a variety of
Answer:
1. Mango
2. Capsicum
Question 5
Siddha medicine is an age old practice in our nation. According to this medicinal system, what is the major cause for all sort of illness in humans?
Answer:

According to Siddha medicine, three humors namely vatam, pittam and kapam are responsible for the health of human being and any disturbance in the equilibrium of these humors result in ill health.