Additional Questions - Chapter 3 Tissue Level of Organisation 11th Biology Zoology Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

Updated By SaraNextGen

On April 24, 2024, 11:35 AM

Additional Questions & Answers

Multiple Choice Questions
Choose the correct answer
Question 1.
Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common function are called -
(a) tissues
(b) organs
(c) cells
(d) organ systems
Answer:
(a) tissues
Question 2.
Which of the following have flattened cells?
(a) cuboidal epithelium
(b) columnar epithelium
(c) squamous epithelium
(d) ciliated epithelium
Answer:
(c) squamous epithelium
Question 3.
Microvilli and Goblet cells are the modifications of -
(a) cuboidal epithelium
(b) columnar epithelium
(c) squamous epithelium
(d) ciliated epithelium
Answer:
(b) Columnar epithelium
Question 4.
Which of the following is not exocrine gland?
(a) Sweat glands
(b) Sebaceous glands
(c) Mammary glands
(d) Thyroid gland

Answer:
(d) Thyroid gland
Question 5.
Pancreas is the example of glands -
(a) Merocrine
(b) Holocrine
(c) Apocrine
(d) Epithelial
Answer:
(a) Merocrine
Question 6.
Which is the site of production of blood cells?
(a) Cartilage
(b) Blood
(c) PLasma
(d) Bone marrow
Answer:
(d) Bone marrow
Question 7.
Biceps and Triceps are the examples of -
(a) Smooth muscle
(b) Cardiac muscle
(c) Striped muscle
(d) Involuntary muscle
Answer:
(c) Striped muscle
Question 8.
The walls of internal organs are made up of -
(a) Smooth muscle
(b) involuntary muscle
(c) Skeletal muscle
(d) Cardiac muscle

Answer:
(a) Smooth muscle
Question 9.
Bone cells are called as -
(a) Neurons
(b) Epithelial cells
(c) Osteoblasts
(d) Chondrocytes
Answer:
(c) Osteoblasts
Question 10.
Cartilage is the -
(a) Loose connective tissue
(b) Dense connective tissue
(c) Areolar connective tissue
(d) Specialized connective tissue
Answer:
(d) Specialized connective tissue
Question 11.
Salivary gland is -
(a) Unicellular, glandular cells
(b) Multicellular, glandular cells
(c) Unicellular, sensory cells
(d) Multicellular, sensory cells
Answer:
(c) Unicellular, sensory cells
Question 12.
lines gall bladder.
(a) ciliated epithelium
(b) columnar epithelium
(c) non - ciliated epithelium
(d) pseudo - stratified epithel lurn

Answer:
(c) non - ciliated epithelium
Question 13.
Dry epidermis of the skin is formed as -
(a) keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
(b) non - keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
(c) stratified cuboidal epithelium
(d) stratified columnar epithelium
Answer:
(a) keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Question 14.
The walls of the Bronchial tubes have -
(a) Dense irregular connective tissues
(b) Reticular connective tissue
(c) elastic connective tissue
(d) Adipose tissue
Answer:
(c) elastic connective tissue
Question 15.
Bones have -
(a) Osteocytes
(b) Fibroblasts
(c) Adipocytes
(d) Myofibrils
Answer:
(c) Adipocytes
II. Answer the following Questions
Question 1.
Define tissues.
Answer:
Group of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related functions are called tissues.

Question 2.
What is the study of tissues called?
Answer:
Histology.
Question 3.
Differentiate Simple epithelium and compound epithelium.
Answer:
Simple epithelium:
- It consists of a simple layer.
- It helps in protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion and sensory reception.
Compound epithelium:
- It is multilayered.
- It provides protection against chemical and mechanical stresses.
Question 4.
Explain the types of simple epithelium.
Answer:
Simple epithelium is a simple layered sheet of cells that covers the body surface or lines the body cavity.
Types:
1. Squamous epithelium:
It is made of flattened cells with irregular boundaries. It is found in glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels.
2. Cuboidal epithelium:
It is made of cube like cells. It is found in kidney tubules, ducts and glands. It is important for secretion and absorption.
3. Columnar epithelium :
It is made of column like cells. It lines the digestive tract. It is important for secretion and absorption.

4. Ciliated epithelium :
It has cilia at the free end. It is found in bronchi, uterine tubes. It is helpful in propelling materials.
5. Glandular epithelium :
Cuboidal or columnar epithelium specialized for secretion is called glandular epithelium. E.g., goblet cells and salivary gland.
Question 5 .
Distinguish between exocrine glands and endocrine glands.
Answer:
Exocrine glands:
- These glands release their products through ducts.
- These secrete mucous, saliva, ear wax, oil, milk, digestive enzymes etc. e.g., salivary glands
Endocrine glands:
- These are ductless gland and their secretions are released directly into the blood.
- These secrete hormones, e.g., Pituitary gland
Question 6.
Classify multicellular exocrine glands based on their structure.
Answer:

Question 7.
Classify exocrine glands based on mode of secretion.
Answer:

Question 8.
Explain compound epithelium.
Answer:
- Compound epithelium is made up of multilayered cells.
- These protect organs against chemical and mechanical stresses.
- These cover the dry surface of the skin, moist surface of the buccal cavity, pharynx, inner lining of ducts of salivary glands and pancreatic ducts.
Question 9.
Classify compound epithelium.
Answer:

Question 10.
Write a short note on specialized junctions of epithelia.
Answer:
All cells of epithelia are held together with little intercellular material forming specialized junctions. These provide structural and functional links between the cells. Three types of cell junctions, tight, adhering and gap junctions are found in animal tissues.
Tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across the tissue. Adhering junctions cement the neighbouring cells together. Gap junctions facilitate the transfer of ions, small and big molecules between the adjoining cells by connecting the cytoplasm of these cells.
Question 11.
Write a short note on connective tissue.
Answer:
Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm. Proper, cartilage, bones and blood are the four main classes of connective tissues. Binding, support, protection, insulation and transportation of substances are the major functions of connective tissue.
Question 12.
What are the types of proper connective tissues?
Answer:
Loose connective tissue and dense connective tissues.
Question 13.
Write a short note on loose connective tissues.
Answer:
In this tissue, the cells and fibres are loosely arranged in semifluid ground substances, e.g., fibroblasts, macrophages, fat cells and mast cells. Areolar connective tissue present beneath the skin acts as a support framework for epithelium. It acts as a reservoir of water and salts for the surrounding body tissues. Hence, these are called tissue fluid.

Adipose tissue is similar to areolar tissue in structure and function. It is located beneath the skin, surrounding the kidneys, eyeball, heart etc. Adipocytes store fat. It is called white fat. The adipose tissue which contains a lot of mitochondria is called brown fat or brown adipose tissue. Reticular connective tissue is filled with fibroblasts called reticular cells. These cells store fats and the excess nutrients.
Question 14.
Distinguish between tendons and ligaments.
Answer:
Tendons:
Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones
Ligaments:
Ligaments attach one bone to another.
Question 15.
Explain specialised connective tissues.
Answer:
Cartilage :
The intercellular material of cartilage is solid and pliable and resists compression. Cells of cartilage (chondrocytes) are enclosed is small cavities within the matrix secreted by them. Cartilage is present in the tip of nose, outer ear joints, ear pinna, between adjacent bones of the vertebral column, limbs and hands on adults.
Bones :
Bones have a hard and non-pliable ground substance rich in calcium salts and collagen fibres. Bones support and protect softer tissues and organs.
Osteoblasts are present in the spaces called lacunae.
Blood:
It is the fluid connective tissue. It contains RBCs, WBCs and platelets. It functions as a transport medium for nutrients, wastes and respiratory gases.
Question 16.
Explain the types of muscle.
Answer:
Each muscle is made of long, cylindrical fibres. They are composed of fine