Text Book Back Questions and Answers - Chapter 6 Health and Hygiene Term 1 7th Science Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

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On April 24, 2024, 11:35 AM

Textual Evaluation : Chapter 6 - Health and Hygiene - Term 1 - 7th Science Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions (Updated)
I. Choose the appropriate answer :
Question $1 .$
Ravi has sound mind and physically fit body. Which refers to
(a) Hygiene
(b) Health
(c) Cleanliness
(d) Wealth
Answer:
(b) Health

Question $2 .$
Sleep is not only good for body, but it is also good for
(a) Enjoyment
(b) Relaxation
(c) Mind
(d) Environment
Answer:
(c) Mind

Question 3.
Our living place should be
(a) Open
(b) Closed
(c) Clean
(d) Unclean / Untidy

Answer:
(c) Clean

Question $4 .$
The tobacco chewing causes
(a) Anamia
(b) Periodontitis
(c) Tuberculosis
(d) Pneumonia
Answer:
(b) Periodontitis

Question $5 .$
The first aid is to
(a) To save money
(b) To prevent scars
(c) To prevent the medical care
(d) To relieve the pain
Answer:
(d) To relieve the pain

II. Fill in the blanks :

Question $1 .$
A group of people living together in a particular area is called
Answer:
Community

Question 2.
Iam green colour box with garbage. Who am I ?
Answer:
Bio degradable waste

Question $3 .$
Eyes are considered as to the world.

Answer:
windows.

Question $4 .$
The hair follicles produce which keeps the hair smooth.
Answer:
oil

Question $5 .$
Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium .
Answer:
Mycobacterium tuberculae.

III. True (or) False, If false give the correct statement.
Question $1 .$
All food should be covered.
Answer:
True

Question $2 .$
Chicken pox also known as Leucoderma.
Answer:
(False) Correct statement: Chicken pox is also known as vanicella.

Question $3 .$
Stomach ulcer is a non-commnicable disease.
Answer:
True.

Question $4 .$
Rabies is a fatal disease.
Answer:
True

Question $5 .$
First- degree bums damage the whole skin.
Answer:
False. Correct statement: First -degree bums affects the outer layer (epidermis) of the skin only.

IV. Match the following:

Answer:
1. $\mathrm{d}$
2. c
3. $\mathrm{e}$
4. b
5 . a.

V. Analogy.

Question $1 .$
First degree bum: epidermis :: second degree bum : _______
Answer:
Dermis.

Question $2 .$
Typhoid: Bacteria:: Hepatitis:_______
Answer:
Vims.

Question $3 .$
Tuberculosis : air:: Cholera: _______
Answer:
Water.

VI. Choose the correct alternative from the following:
Question $1 .$
Assertion (A) : Oral hygiene is good.
Reason (R) : Sound teeth and healthy gums with healthy surrounding tissues,
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are true
(b) Both A and R are false
(c) $A$ is true but $R$ is false
(d) $A$ is false but $R$ is true
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are true.

Question $2 .$
Assertion (A): Chicken pox is a viral communicable disease.
Reason (R): Characterized by rashes on the whole body, fever, head ache and tiredness.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are true
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are false
(c) $A$ is true but $R$ is false
(d) $A$ is false but $R$ is true
Answer:
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are true.

VII. Very short Answer.
Question 1.
What is hygiene?
Answer:
Hygiene refers to the good habits and their practices which is followed to prevent disease, maintain good health, especially through cleanliness, consumption of safe drinking water and proper disposal of sewage. It refers to all those activities that are done for improving and maintaining good health and sound mind.

Question $2 .$
Write about the right way of protect the eyes?
Answer:
Practices to be followed for eye care.
1. Do not rub the eyes
2. Do not watch TV / Computer for a long time.
3. Use cold water for cleaning the eyes.
4. Eat lot of carrots which is rich in vitamin A needed for good vision.
5. Eat fruits like oranges, sweet lemon etc., regularly.

Question $3 .$
How to keep your hair clean and health?
To keep the hair clean and healthy:
Answer:
1. The regular hair wash and massage of the scalp will remove the dead skin cells, excess oil and dust.
2. Rinsing the hair well with clear water and using good toothed comb for hair dressing is highly essential for their maintenance.

Question $4 .$
Sobi frequently playing with her mobile, suggest your ideas to protect his eye from irritation?

Answer:
1. Stop playing with the mobile for a long time
2. Keep the mobile at a distance from the eyes while playing.
3. Wash eyes with cold water at intervals.

Question $5 .$
Give any two communicable disease, which spreads in your locality during monsoon?
Answer:
1. Cholera

2. Diarrhoea

Question $6 .$
What first aid will you provide in the case of bruises?
Answer:
1. Bruises refer to scratches. It is a surface damage that does not penetrate the lower tissues.
2. The affected area should be washed with cold running water and cleaned with an antiseptic cram on the wound.

Question $7 .$
Ravi said "Ganga had minor burn, so I washed with water" Do you agree with his statement or not?
Explain Why?
Answer:
1. Yes, In case of minor bums, the affected area should be washed with cold water.
2. In case of severe bums, deeper layers of tissues get destroyed and blisters appear.

VIII. Short answer.
Question 1.
Why the first aid is essential?
Answer:
Safety and First Aid
First aid is the immediate treatment given to the victim of trauma or sudden illness before medical help is made available. The first aid is 

1. To save the life
2. To prevent further bleeding and determine the condition of the patient.
3 . To relive the pain
4. To provide a medical care available at the earliest.

Question $2 .$
What is this picture? Explain.

Answer:
It says that "Waste should not be thrown there".

Question $3 .$
Distinguish between the following pairs Communicable diseases and Non communicable diseases.

Answer:

Question $4 .$
What steps you will follow to keep the teeth healthy?
Answer:
1. Good oral hygiene implies sound teeth and healthy gums with healthy surrounding tissues.
2. When you brush two times a day, it will prevent the formation of tartar and plaque on, your teeth and gums.
3. When you floss, it will remove food particles, plaque, and bacteria which build up between your teeth. When you start flossing, your gums may bleed a little bit, but after few days that will be stopped.
4. It should be started only with proper medical guidance.
5. Eat a well balanced diet and avoid habits like chewing tobacco.

Question $5 .$
Name the mode of transmission of communicable disease.
Answer:
Communicable diseases spread from one person to another person through various modes as given below.
Mode of Transmission:
1. Food and water borne diseases - e.g Cholera, Typhoid
2. Air borne diseases - e.g Tuberculosis, cold
3. Insect other animals borne diseases - e.g Malaria, Rabies.
4. Contaminated food and water, air and Insects are the modes for transmission of communicable disease.

Question $6 .$
The hair is thin, spares and lost very often. Suggested your ideas to reduce this problem?
Answer:

The condition of the hair reflects the nutritional status and general health of the body. Thin, sparse and lots of hair indicates poor nutritional status.
The following measures will help to maintain hair growth and avoid hair loss.
1. The regular hair wash and massage of the scalp will remove the dead skin cells, excess oil and dust.
2. Rinsing the hair well with clear water and using good toothed comb for hair dressing is highly essential for their maintenance.
3. Eating a balanced diet which provides all nutrients needed for the body will promote hair growth.
4. Applying oil to the skin and massaging the scalp will promote hair growth.
5. Use of chemicals (dyes, shampoos) must be used to avoid hair loss.

IX. Answer in Details.
Question $1 .$
Write about any three communicable diseases in details.
Answer:
Communicable diseases are those that spread from one person to another. Diseases spread through contaminated air, water, food or vectors (insects and ohter animals) are palled as communicable diseases.
Tuberculosis:
1. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculae.
2. It spreads from one person to another person through air by spitting and prolonged contact with sharing materials of the patient.
Symptoms:
Fever, weight loss, Chronic cough, blood spitting and difficulty in breathing.

Prevention and treatment:
1. Getting BCG vaccination
2. Giving special attention to the patient,
3. Regular medication like DOT
Cholera:
1. Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholera.
2. It spreads through the consumption contaminated food or water.
Symptoms:
The symptoms of Cholera is vomiting, severe diarrhoea and cramps in legs.

Hepatitis:
1. Hepatitis is one of the most dangerous and fatal diseases caused by Hepatitis Virus $A, B, C$, D, E.
2. Its mode of transmission are contaminated water, sharing of needles and blood transfusion.
Symptoms:
Loss of appetite, (Anorexia), vomiting, eyes and urine in yellow color.
Prevention and treatment:
1. Drink boiled water.
2. Proper cleaning of hands.

Question $2 .$
List the situations in which first aid is given. What would you do if a person suffers from skin burns?
Answer:
The tissue damage caused by heat, chemical, electricity, sunlight or nuclear radiation is known as Bums. Mostly bums are caused by scalds, building fires, flammable liquid and gases. According to burning. There are three types of bums.
1. First-degree bums affect only the outer layer (called the epidermis) of the skin.
2. Second-degree bums damage the epidermis and the layer beneath it called ther dermis.
3. Third -degree bums involve damage or complete destruction of the skin to its full depth and damage to underlying tissues also. People who experience such bums often require skin grafting.

First Aid for Burning
In case of minor bums, the affected area should be washed with cold water and an antiseptic cream should be applied. In case of severe bums, where deeper layers of tissues get destroyed and blisters appear, use of water should be avoided. The burnt area should be covered with a clean non-sticking cloth or bandages. Larger bums need immediate medical attention.
It is very important to keep a fire extinguisher readily available.

Question $3 .$
How the disease are transmitted from one person to the other person?
Answer:
Communicable Diseases are those that spread from one person to another. Diseases spread through contaminated air, water, food or vectors (insects and ohter animals) are called as Communicable diseases.
1. The communicable diseases are caused by disease causing microbes such as Bacteria, viruses etc.

2. These microbes are found in contaminated food, water, air etc.
3. Some of them like the malarial parasite complete their life cycle in the body of a mosquito.
4. Thus air food and water, sweat act as modes of transmitting these microbes from an infected person to a healthy person.
5. E.g. The cycle given below shows how food and water borne diseases are transmitted.

X. Higher Order thinking question
Question 1.
A person is sleeping during day time. Why does this happen with some people that they feel sleepy during day time in office or in the classroom. Have you ever come across such situation? Explain.

Answer:
1. Many people are tired and do not have the energy to perform day to day activities. They tired and tend to sleep in the classroom or work place. Though sleep can be due to various reasons, the common reason for this condition is Anaemia.
2. People who are Anaemic have less number of Red blood cells in their blood.
3. The Red blood cells have haemoglobin which caries oxygen to all the cells of the body.
4. People who are Anaemic will have less slow oxygen supply to all the cells of the body.
5. Energy production in the cells is less and they feel tired and sleepy always. This is due to in the diet. Prevention : Eat food rich in Iron.

Additional Questions
I. Choose the appropriate answer.
Question $1 .$
Anorexia means
(a) Excess thirst
(b) Excess sweating
(c) Loss of hair
(d) Loss of appetite
Answer:
(d) Loss of appetite

Question $2 .$
Drinking boiled water can prevent
(a) Tuberculosis
(b) Rabies
(c) Cholera
(d) Chicken pox
Answer:
(c) Cholera

Question $3 .$
High fever is a symptom of
(a) Rabies
(b) Typhoid
(c) Scurvy
(d) Hepatits
Answer:
(b) Typhoid

Question $4 .$

______is a non communicable disease.
(a) small pox
(b) Varicella
(c) Rheumatism
(d) Flu
Answer:
(c) Rheumatism

Question $5 .$
Intake of can help to prevent Anaemia.
(a) cod liver oil tablet
(b) oranges
(c) whole egg
(d) eggs
Answer:
(a) cod liver oil tablet

II. Fill in the Blanks.

1. Dengue causes decrease in number of in _________blood
2. _________is a non communicable disease caused by loss of pigmentation in the skin.
3. The pigment present in our skin is_________
4. Extreme fear for water is called_________
$5 .$ _________vaccine prevents Tuberculosis.
Answer:
1. Platelets
2. Leucoderma
3. Melanin
4. hydrophobia
5. $\mathrm{BCG}$

III. True or False - if false give the correct statement.
Question $1 .$
Rabies can be caused by the bite of monkeys.
True.

Question $2 .$
We must eat lot of carrots to prevent eye diseases.
Answer:
True.

Question $3 .$
Chronic cough is a symptom of Typhoid.
Answer:
(False) Correct Statement: Chronic cough is a symptom of Tuberculosis.

Question $4 .$
Raju drank water in a fair and was affected by Dengue. Is this statement True or False.

Answer:
(False) Correct Statement: Dengue is not a water borne disease.

Question $5 .$
Bum injuries can be fatal.
Answer:
True

Question $6 .$
Alcoholism is a communicable disease.
Answer:
(False) Correct Statement: Alcoholism is a Non-communicable disease.

IV. Match the following :
Question $1 .$

Answer:
1. $\mathrm{d}$
2. $\mathrm{c}$
3. a
4. $b$

Question $2 .$

Answer:
1. $b$
2. $d$
3. a
4. c.

V. Analogy.
Question $1 .$
Leucoderma: Melanin
Anaemia:_______
Answer:
Iron.

Question $2 .$
Tuberculosis : Lungs
Rabies:_______
Answer:
Nervous system.

VI. Assertion and Reason.
(a) Both A and R are true
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are false
(c) $A$ is true but $R$ is false
(d) $A$ is false but $R$ is true

Question 1.
Assertion (A): We must offer first aid to a bleeding person.
Reason $(\mathrm{R})$ : We must not use gloves while helping them.
(a) Both $A$ and $R$ are true
(b) Both A and R are false
(c) $A$ is true but $R$ is false

(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is false but $R$ is true
Answer:
(c) $A$ is true but $R$ is false.

Question $2 .$
Assertion (A): Antibiotics do not help to cure communicable diseases.
Reason (R): They are caused by microbes.
(a) Both $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are true
(c) $A$ is due but $R$ is false
(d) $A$ is false but $R$ is true
(b) Both $A$ and $R$ are false
Answer:
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is false but $\mathrm{R}$ is true.

VII. Complete the table.
Question $1 .$
Tuberculosis__________

__________Virus
Answer:
Bacteria,Hepatitis.

Question $2 .$
Night Blindness__________
Iron__________
Answer:
Vitamin A, Anaemia

Question $3 .$
BCG_______
_______Chicken pox
Answer:
Tubeculosis, Varicella Vaccine

Question $4 .$
Dog_______

_______ Dengue
Answer:
Rabies,Mosquito

Question $5 .$
Tuberculosis_______
_______Rashes

Answer:
Chronic cough, Chicken pox.

VIII. Very short Answers:
Question 1.
Name some diseases which affect the teeth.
Answer:
Bleeding gums, Tooth decay, periodontis.

Question $2 .$
List two measures to maintain community hygiene.
Answer:
1. The surroundings should be kept clean.
2. Drains should be covered properly.

Question $3 .$
Name two disease which can be prevented by vaccination.
Answer:
Polio, Tuberculosis.

Question $4 .$
Name some diseases caused by lack of trace elements in the body.
Answer:
Anemia, pellagra, night blindness and xerophthalmia, goiter and hypothyroidism.

Question $5 .$
What is a Vaccine?
Answer:

1. A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.
2. Vaccine (BCG, Polio, $M M R)$ are given at early childhood to protect from other diseases.

Question $6 .$
How can we prevent fatality in the case of Rabies?
Answer:
Timely vaccination before the onset of symptoms can prevent fatality in the case of Rabies.

IX. Short Answer.
Question $1 .$
Write a note on non-communicable diseases.

Answer:
1. Communicable diseases do not spread from person to person. They are caused by other factors.
2. Antibiotics, or medicines that fight against germs, do not help to cure non- communicable diseases.
3. Problems caused by wearing out of body parts:
Rheumatism, heart attack, epileptic seizures, stroke, migraine headaches, Cataract and cancer.
4. Problems caused by external harmful agents entering the body:
Allergies, asthma, poisons, snakebite, cough from smoking, stomach ulcer, alcoholism.
5. Problems caused by a lack of trace elements in the body:
Anaemia, pellagra, night blindness and xerophthalmia, goiter and hypothyroidism.
 

Question $2 .$
Write a note on Chicken pox.
Answer:
1. Causal agent :Chickenpox (chicken pox), also known as varicella, is a highly contagious infection caused by the varicella zoster virus.
2. This disease spreads through air and contact with an infected person.
3. Symptoms: A appearance of rashes on the whole body, fever, headache and tiredness.
4. Prevention and treatment: The chickenpox (Varicella) vaccine is the best way to prevent chickenpox. Special attention should be given to the infected persons.
 

Question $3 .$
Write a note an Rabies.
Answer:

1. Rabies is a fatal disease, which is transmitted by the bite of the infected dog, rabbit, monkey, cat etc.
2. Causal agent: The virus present in the saliva of dog enters the brain via neurons.
3. Symptoms: The symptoms of rabies is hydrophobia (extreme fear for water), fever for $2-12$ weeks and exaggerations in behavior.
Prevention and treatment
1. In early stages rabies is very difficult to detect.
2. After an animal is bitten it usually takes two to twelve weeks to shows any symptoms and it may take as long as two years also.
3. Fatality can be prevented by timely vaccination before the onset of symptoms.

Question $4 .$
We should use a handkarchief when we sneeze, Justify.

Answer:
When we are suffering from cold etc, the virus comes out with the droplets and spreads in air. This can infect a healthy individual. Thus we should use a handkerchief while sneezing.

Question $5 .$
What can we do to maintain personal hygiene?
Answer:
1. We must brush our teeth at least twice a day.
2. We must have a shower daily.
3. We must wash our hair regularly.
4. We must wash our face and hands regularly.
5. We should keep food covered with a lid.
6. We should wear washed and clean clothes.
7. We must wear slippers while we go out of the house. Drinking water must be stored in a clean and safe place.

X. Long Answer
Question $1 .$
List the diseases affecting the eye, their causative agents, impact and Remedial measures.
Answer:

XI. Hots
Question $1 .$
Richa had a pet dog. She vaccinated him regularly. He suddenly bit a stranger. Do you think that the person could have got Rabies.
Answer:
No, since the dog was vaccinated regularly, there is no chance of the person suffering from Rabies. But still the person should seek medical advise for the treatment.