Text Book Back Questions and Answers - Chapter 1 The Living World 11th Biology Zoology Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

Updated By SaraNextGen

On April 24, 2024, 11:35 AM

The Living World
Text Book Back Questions and Answers
Multiple Choice Question and Answers
Choose the correct answer
Question 1.
A living organism is differentiated from non-living structure based on
(a) Reproduction
(b) Growth
(c) Metabolism
(d) $\mathrm{AH}$ the above
Answer:
(c) Metabolism
Question 2.
A group of organisms having similar traits of a rank is
(a) Species
(b) Taxon
(c) Genus
(d) Family
Answer:
(a) Species
Question 3.
Every unit of classification regardless of its rank is
(a) Taxon
(b) Variety
(c) Species
(d) Strain
Answer:
(a) Taxon
Question 4.
Which of the following is not present in same rank?

(a) Primata
(b) Orthoptera
(c) Diptera
(d) Insecta
Answer:
(a) Primata
Question 5.
What taxonomie aid gives comprehensive information about a taxon?
(a) Taxonomic Key
(b) Herbarium
(c) Flora
(d) Monograph
Answer:
(a) Taxonomic Key
Question 6.
Who coined the term biodiversity?
(a) Walter Rosen
(b) AG Tansley
(c) Aristotle
(d) AP de Candole
Answer:
(a) Walter Rosen
Question 7.
Cladogram considers the following characters -
(a) Physiological and Biochemical
(b) Evolutionary and Phylogenetic
(c) Taxonomie and systematic
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Evolutionary and Phylogenetic
Question 8.
Molecular taxonomic tool consists of -

(a) DNA and RNA
(b) Mitochondria and Endoplasmic reticulum
(c) Cell wall and Membrane proteins
(d) All the above
Answer:
(a) DNA and RNA
Question 9.
Differentiate between probiotic and pathogenic bacteria.

Question 10.
Why mule is sterile in nature?
Answer:
Mule gets one set of chromosomes (32) from male parent, horse and one set of chromosomes (31) from female parent, donkey. These two sets of chromosomes do not match with each other and cannot produce gametes by meiosis. Hence mule is sterile in nature.
Question 11.
List any five salient features of the family Felidae.
Answer:
- The species in the Felidae family are carnivores or omnivores.
- Felids are generally solitary with a few exceptions.
- They have sharp vision, hearing and a strong sense of smell.
- They have short faces and their paws have toes in the 5 forefeet and 4 toes in the hind feet.
- Most Felids live in the wild e.g. cat, tiger, lion, cheetah.
- Question 12.
What is the role of Charles Darwin in relation to concept of species?
Answer:
Charles Darwin's book on Origin of Species explains the evolutionary connections of species by the process of natural selection.
Question 13.
Why elephants and other wild animals are entering into human living area?
Answer:

Elephants and other wild animals enter into human living area because of the loss of their habitat, deforestation, mono-culture vegetation by destroying forests
Question 14.
What is the difference between a Zoo and wild life sanctuary?
Answer:

Question 15.
Can we use recent molecular tools to identify and classify organisms?
Answer:
The recent molecular taxonomical tools can be used to identify and classify the organism. The following molecular techniques and approaches are used in molecular tools.
(a) DNA bar coding - Short genetic marker in an organism's DNA to identify whether it belongs to a particular species.
(b) DNA hybridization - Measures the degree of genetic similarity between pools of DNA sequences.
(c) DNA finger printing - to identify an individual from a sample of DNA by looking at unique patterns in their DNA.
(d) Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) Analysis- difference in homologous DNA sequences can be detected by the presence of fragments of different lengths after digestion of DNA samples.
(e) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing- to amplify a specific gene, or portion of gene.

Question 16.
Explain the role of Latin and Greek names in Biology.
Answer:
Aristotle (384 to $322 \mathrm{BC}$ ) was the first to classify all animals in his Historia Animalium in Latin. He classified the living organisms into plants and animals. Animals were classified as walking (terrestrial), flying (birds), and swimming (aquatic) based in their locomotion.
He classified the animals with red blood cells as Enaima and those without red blood cells as Anaima. Though his method of classification had limitation, his contribution to biology was remarkable. Theophrastus did his research on the classification of plants. He was known as the Father of Botany.
In-Text Questions Solved
Question 1.
If you find an animal with four legs, with two eyes, paired ear pinna, covered with fur, possessing mammary gland, which class will you position it? How will you give a binomial name, if you are the first person to discover and report that animal.
Answer:
Do it yourself.
Question 2.
What may be the reasons for the extinction of Dinosaurs? If you know the reasons for their extinction, why Sparrows are listed as endangered species?
Answer:

The extinction of the dinosaurs is an enigma that has captivated scientists for well over a century. We find the fossilized remains of giant reptiles all over the earth.

Yet we do not see any of the creatures alive today. If sparrows are not there the population of birds of prey may also be affected. Apart from this, every constitute of an ecosystem is important from an ant to an elephant. We are eliminating species by species which are important links which make the web of life. Today it's these species which are getting extinct.
Textbook Activity Solved
The main objective of this activity is to check the students understanding about animals and its characteristics before learning the lesson. Observe the picture given below, identify the animals and classify them according to you own understanding write one character about each class of animals.

Take the students to the school ground and ask them to observe and identify few invertebrates (insects, earthworm, spiders etc). Ask the students to write few characteristics of each animal which they have observed. 

Entrance Examination Questions Solved
Choose the correct answer:
Question 1.
The smallest taxon among the following is 
(a) class
(b) order
(c) species
(d) genus
Answer:
(c) species
Question 2.
Taxonomically a species is (PMT-94)
(a) A group of evolutionary related population
(b) A fundamental unit in the phylogeny of organisms
(c) Classical evolutionary taxonomy
(d) A community taken into consideration. An evolutionary base.
Answer:
(b) A fundamental unit in the phylogeny of organisms
Question 3.
Species is
(a) not related to evolution
(b) specific class of evolution
(c) specific unit of evolution
(d) fertile specific unit in the evolutionary history of a race
Answer:

(d) fertile specific unit in the evolutionary history of a race
Question 4.
Two words comprising the binomial nomenclature are (DPMT-96)
(a) Family & genus
(b) order & family
(c) genus & species
(d) species $&$ variety
Answer:
(c) genus $&$ species
Question 5.
A group of plants or animals with similar traits of any rank is kept under
(a) species
(b) genus
(c) order
(d) taxon
Answer:
(d) taxon
Question 6.
Which of the following is the correct sequence in the increasing order of complexity?
(a) molecules, tissues, community, population
(b) cell, tissues, community, population

(c) tissues, organisms, population, community
(d) molecules, tissues, community, cells
Answer:
(c) tissues, organisms, population, community
Question 7.
New systematic and the concept of life was given by (BHU-98)
(a) Huxley
(b) Odom
(c) Elton
(d) Linnaeus
Answer:
(c) Elton
Question 8.
Two organisms of same class but different families will be kept under the same (CET-98)
(a) genera
(b) species
(c) order
(d) family
Answer:
(c) order
Question 9.
Which of the following will form a new species? (PMT-98)
(a) inter breeding
(b) variations

(c) differential reproduction
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(b) variations
Question 10.
A community includes
(a) a group of same genera
(b) a group of same population
(c) a group of individuals from same species
(d) different populations interacting with each other Answer:
(d) different populations interacting with each other
Question 11.
Binomial nomenclature was given by $(\mathrm{BHU}-97)$
(a) Huxley
(b) Ray
(c) Darwin
(d) Linnaeus
Answer:
(d) Linnaeus
Question 12.
In classification the category below the level of family is $
(a) class
(b) species
(c) phylum
(d) genus

Answer:
(d) genus
Question 13.
Taxon is 
(a) species
(b) unit of classification
(c) highest rank in classification
(d) group of closely related
Answer:
(b) unit of classification
Question 14.
One of the following includes most closely linked organisms
(a) species
(b) genus
(c) family
(d) class
Answer:
(a) species
Question 15.
Which of the following taxons cover a greater number of organisms?
(a) order
(b) family
(c) genus
(d) phylum
Answer:
(d) phylum
Question 16.
Inbreeding is possible between two members of
(a) order
(b) family

(c) genus
(d) species
Answer:
(d) species
Question 17.
Which of these is correct order of hierarchy?
(a) kingdom, division, phylum, genus & species
(b) phylum, division, genus & class
(c) kingdom, genus, class, phylum & division
(d) phylum, kingdom, genus, species &class
Answer:
(a) kingdom, division, phylum, genus & species
Question 18.
Which is not a unit of taxonomic category?
(a) series
(b) glumaceae
(c) class
(d) phylum
Answer:
(b) glum aceae
Question 19.
Which is the first step of taxonomy?
(a) nomenclature
(b) classification
(c) identification
(d) hierarchical arrangement
Answer:
(c) identification
Question 20.
The five kingdom classification was given by
(a) Whittaker
(b) Linnacus

(c) Copeland
(d) Haeckel
Answer:
(a) Whittaker
Question 21.
Taxon includes
(a) Genus and species
(b) kingdom and division
(c) all ranks of hierarchy
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(c) all ranks of hierarchy
Question 22.
Binomial nomenclature refers to
(a) Two names of a species
(b) one specific and one local name of a species
(c) two words for the name of a species
(d) two life cycles of a organism
Answer:
(c) two words for the name of a species
Question 23.
Carl Linnaeus is famous for
(a) coining the term 'systematics'
(b) introducing binomial nomenclature
(c) giving all natural system of classification
(d) all of these
Answer:
(b) introducing binomial nomenclature
Question 24.
True species are
(a) interbreeding
(b) sharing the same niche

(c) feeding on the same food
(d) reproductively isolated
Answer:
(d) reproductively isolated
Question 25.
The smallest unit of classification is
(a) species
(b) sub-species
(c) class
(d) genus
Answer:
(a) species
Question 26.
Who coined the term 'taxonomy'?
(a) Candolle
(b) Waksman
(c) Leuwenhoek
(d) Louis Pasteur
Answer:
(a) Candolle
Question 27.
Basic unit of classification of organisms is
(a) species
(b) population
(c) class
(d) family
Answer:
(a) species
Question 28.
The unit of classification containing concrete biological entities is 
(a) taxon

(b) species
(c) category
(d) order
Answer:
(a) taxon
Question 29.
Species are considered as
(a) real basic units of classification
(b) the lowest units of classification
(c) artificial concept of human mind which cannot be defined in absolute terms
(d) real units of classification devised by taxonomists
Answer:
(a) real basic units of classification
Question 30.
The living organisms can be unexceptionally distinguished from the non-living things on the basis of their ability for
(a) interaction with the environment and progressive evolution
(b) reproduction
(c) growth and movement
(d) responsiveness to touch
Answer:
(b) reproduction
Question 31.
Taxonomic category arrange in descending order 
(a) key
(b) hierarchy
(c) taxon
(d) taxonomic category
Answer:
(d) taxonomic category

Question 32.
In which of the animal dimorphic nucleus is found? 
(a) Amoebaproteus
(b) Trypanosoma gambiense
(c) Plasmodium vivax
(d) Paramecium caudatum
Answer:
(d) Paramecium caudatum
Question 33.
When a fresh-water protozoan possessing a contractile vacuole, is placed in a glass containing marine water, the vacuole will (PMT 2004)
(a) increase in number
(b) disappear
(c) increase in size
(d) decrease in size
Answer:
(d) decrease in size
Question 34.
Which form of reproduction is correctly matched?
(a) Euglena transvers binary fission
(b) Paramecium longitudinal binary fission
(c) Amoeba multiple fission
(d) Plasmodium binary fission
Answer:
(c) Amoeba multiple fission
Question 35.
The presence of two types of nuclei, a macronucleus and a micronucleus, is characteristic of protozoans are grouped under the class
(a) sporozoa
(b) flagellate
(c) sarcodina
(d) ciliata

Answer:
(d) ciliata
Question 36.
Which class of protozoa is totally parasitic?
(a) Sporozoa
(b) Mastigophora
(c) Ciliate
(d) Sarcodina
Answer:
(a) Sporozoa
Question 37.
Reproduction in Paramecium is controlled by
(a) flagella
(b) cell wall
(c) micronucleus
(d) macronucleus
Answer:
(c) micronucleus
Question 38.
In the life cycle of Plasmodium exflagellation occurs in
(a) sporozoties
(b) microgametes
(c) macrogametes
(d) signet ring
Answer:
(b) microgametes
Question 39.
Excretion in Amoeba occurs through 
(a) lobopodia
(b) plasma membrane
(c) uroid portion
(d) contractile vacuole

Answer:
(d) contractile vacuole
Question 40.
Method of dispersal in Amoeba is
(a) locomotion
(b) encystment
(c) sporulation
(d) binary fission
Answer:
(b) encystment
Question 41.
Mode of feeding in free living protozoans is
(a) holozoic
(b) saprozoic
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) both (a) and (b)
Question 42.
Infection of Entamoeba is caused 
(a) by kissing
(b) by wearing clothes of patient
(c) by contaminated food
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) by contaminated food
Question 43.
Choose the correct statement.
(a) All reptiles have a three chambered heart.
(b) All Pisces have gills covered by a operculum
(c) All mammals are viviparous
(d) All cyclostomes do not posses jaws and paired fin

Answer:
(d) All cyclostomes do not posses jaws and paired fin
Question 44.
Which of the following characteristics is mainly responsible for diversification of insects on land?
(a) Segmentation
(b) Bilateral symmetry
(c) Exoskeleton
(d) Eyes
Answer:
(c) Exoskeleton
Question 45.
The primitive prokaryotes responsible for the production of biogas from the ruminant animals. Include the $(2016)$
(a) Thermoacidophiles
(b) methanogens
(c) Eubacteria
(d) Halophiles.
Answer:
(b) methanogens
Question 46.
Methanogens belong to

(a) Dinoflagellates
(b) Slime moulds
(c) Eubacteria
(d) Archaebacteria
Answer:
(d) Archaebacteria