Text Book Back Questions and Answers - Chapter 2 The Mughal Empire Term 2 7th Social History Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

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Chapter 2 - The Mughal Empire - Term 2 - 7th Social History Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Who introduced the Persian style of architecture in India?
(a) Humayun
(b) Babur
(c) Jahangir
(d) Akbar

Answer:
(b) Babur

Question 2.
In which battle did Akbar defeat Rana Pratap?
(a) Panipat
(b) Chausa
(c) Haldighati
(d) Kanauj

Answer:
(c) Haldighati

Question 3.
Whose palace in Delhi was destroyed by Sher Shah?
(a) Babur
(b) Humayun
(c) Ibrahim Lodi
(d) Alam Khan

Answer:
(b) Humayun

Question 4.
Who introduced Mansabdari system?
(a) Sher Sha
(b) Akbar
(c) Jahangir
(d) Shah Jahan

Answer:
(b) Akbar

Question 5.
Who was the revenue minister of Akbar?
(a) Birbal
(b) Raja Bhagwan Das
(c) RajaTodarmal
(d) Raja Man Singh

Answer:
(b)Raja Todarmal
II. Fill In the Blanks
1. _________ was the name of the horse of Rana Pratap.
2. _______ was a hall at FatehpurSikri where scholars of all religions met for a discourse.
3. The Sufi saint who received Akbar's utmost respect was ________
4. During the reign of __________ the Zabti system was extended to the Deccan provinces.

5. _______ were tax-free lands given to scholars and religious institutions.

Answers:
1. Chetak
2. Ibadatkhana
3. Salim Chishti
4. Shah Jahan
5. Suyurghal
III. Match the following

Question 1.
1. Babur - Ahmednagar
2. Durgavati - Jaipur
3. Rani Chand Bibi - Akbar
4. Din Ilahi - Chanderi
5. Raja Man Singh - Central Province

Answer:
1. Babur - Chanderi
2. Durgavati - Central Province
3. Rani Chand Bibi - Ahmednagar
4. Din Ilahi - Akbar
5. Raja Man Singh - Jaipur
IV. True or False
1. Babur inherited Farghana, a small kingdom in Central Asia.
2. Humayun succeeded in recapturing Delhi in 1565.
3. Aurangzeb married a girl of a notable Rajput family.
4. Jahangir ordered execution of Sikh leader Guru Arjun for helping his son Khusrau.
5. During Aurangzeb's reign, architecture received much patronage.

Answers:
1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. False
V. Consider the following statements. Tick $(\checkmark)$ the appropriate answer.

Question 1.
Assertion (A): The British established their first factory at Surat.
Reason (R): Jahangir granted trading rights to the English.
(a) $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$.
(b) $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(c) A is wrong and $\mathrm{R}$ is correct.
(d) (A) and (R) are wrong.

Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$

Question 2.
Assertion (A): Aurangzeb's intolerance towards other religions made him unpopular among people.
Reason (R): Aurangzeb re-imposed the jizya and pilgrim tax on the Hindus.
(a) $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$.
(b) $\mathrm{R}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(c) A is wrong and $\mathrm{R}$ is correct.
(d) (A) and (R) are wrong.

Answer:
(a) $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$

Question 3.
Find out the correct statements
(i) Kamran was the son of Afghan noble, Hasan Suri, ruler of Sasaram in Bihar.
(ii) Akbar abolished the jizya poll tax on non-Muslims and the tax on Hindu pilgrims.
(iii) Aurangzeb acceded the throne after killing his three brothers.
(iv) Prince Akbar entered into a pact with Shivaji's son Shambuji in the Deccan.
(a) (I), (II) and (III) are correct
(b) (II), (III) and (IV) are correct
(c) (I), (III) and (IV) are correct
(d) (II), (III), (IV) and (I) are correct

Answer:
(b) (II), (III) and (IV) are correct

Question 4.
Arrange the battles in chronological order
1. Battle of Khan wa
2. Battle of Chausa
3. Battle of Kanauj
4. Battle of Chanderi

Answer:
1. Battle of Khanwa (1527)
2. Battle of Chanderi (1528)
3. Battle of Chausa (1539)
4. Battle of Kanauj (1540)

Question 5.
Arrange the following administrative divisions in descending order
1. Sarkars
2. Parganas

3. Subhas

Answer:
1. Subhas
2. Sarkars
3. Parganas

Match the lather and son

Answer:

VI. Give short answer

Question 1.
Write the circumstance that led to the Battle of Panipat in 1526.
Answer:
Babur did not have any ambition beyond Punjab till 1524. Then a greater opportunity came knocking. Dilawar Khan, who was Daulat Khan Lodi's son, and Alam Khan, who was the uncle of Sultan of Delhi, arrived in Kabul to seek Babur's help in removing Ibrahim Lodi from power. Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the famous Battle of Panipat in 1526.

Question 2.
Mention the Humayun recapture the Delhi throne in 1555.
Answer:
Sher Shah defeated Humayun at Chausa (1539) and again at Kanauj (1540). Humayun, defeated and overthrown, had to flee to Iran. With the help of the Persian ruler Shah Tahmasp of the Safavid dynasty, Humayun succeeded in recapturing Delhi in 1555.

Question 3.
Write a note on Mansabdari system.
Answer:
Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system. According to this system, the nobles, civil and military
officials were combined to form one single service. Everyone in the service was given a mansab, meaning a position or rank. A Mansabdar was a holder of such a rank. Mansabdar rank was dependent on Zat and Sawar.

VII. Answer the following

Question 1.
Describe the land revenue administration of the Mughals.
Answer:
Land Revenue Administration:
(i) Land revenue administration was toned up during the reign of Akbar. Raja Todar Mai, Revenue Minister of Akbar, adopted and refined the system introduced by Sher Shah.
(ii) According to Zabt system, after a survey, lands were classified according to the nature and fertility of the soil. The share of the state was fixed at one-third of
(iii) the average produce for 10 years.
(iv) The Mughal emperors enforced the old iqta system, renaming it jagir. It is a land tenure system developed during the period of Delhi Sultanate. Under the . system, the collection of the revenue of an area and the power of governing
(v) it were bestowed upon a military or civil official now named Jagirdar.
(vi) Every Mansabdar was a Jagirdar if he was not paid in cash. The Jagirdar collected the revenue through his own officials.
(vii) Those appointed to collect the revenue from the landholders were called zamindars. Zamindars collected taxes and maintained law and order with the help of Mughal officials and soldiers.
(viii) The local chieftains and little kings were also called zamindars.

Question 2.
Estimate Akbar as a patron of learning.
Answer:
(i) Akbar was a great patron of learning. His personal library had more than four thousand manuscripts.

(ii) He patronised scholars of all beliefs and all shades of opinions.
(iii) He extended his benevolence to authors such as Abul Fazl, Abul Faizi and Abdur Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, the great storyteller Birbal, competent officials like Raja Todar Mai, Raja Bhagwan Das and Raja Man Singh.
(iv) The great composer and musician Tansen and artist Daswant adorned Akbar's court as well. VIII. HOTs

Question 1.
Shah Jahairs time witnessed the climax of Mughal splendour. Support this statement in comparison with the times of other Mughal rulers.
Answer:
(i) The famous peacock throne, covered with expensive jewels, was made during Shah Jahan's time for the emperor to sit on. The world famous Taj Mahal, the Moti Masjid, the pearl mosque at Agra, the Jama Masjid of Delhi, the Diwan-i- Khas and Diwan - i Am in his palace exhibit his taste for Art and Architecture.
(ii) Babur built many structures at Agra, Biana, Dholpur, Gwalior and Kiul in Persian style of Architecture.
(iii) Sher shah built a mausoleum at Sasaram. Diwan-i-khas, Diwan-i-Am, Panch Mahal Rang Mahal, Salim Chishti's tomb and Buland Darwaza were built during Akbar's time.

(iv) Jahangir completed Akbar's tomb at Sikandara and the beautiful building containing the tomb of Itmad-ud-daula, at Agra.
(v) During Aurangzeb's reign, architecture did not receive much patronage.

Map
Mark the extent of Mughal Empire during the reign of Akbar and Aurangzeb with special focus on important battle fields.

Answer:

IX. Activity

Collect information about the scholars in Akbar's court and conduct a mock llxiikitfi khana in the class.
Answer:
Scholars of Akbar's court:
Tansen - Renowned Singer
Fakir Aziao Din - Religious Advisor and Minister
Faizi - Minister of education
Mulla - Do - Piyaza - Minister of affairs
Raja Birbal - Minister of foreign affairs
Raja Todar Mai - Finance Minister
Abu'l Fazl ibn Mubarak - Grand Vizier

Additional Questions
I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
__________ was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India.
(a) Humayun
(b) Babur
(c) Akbar

(d) Sher Shah

Answer:
(b) Baburl

Question 2.
Babur inherited _______ a small kingdom in central Asia.
(a) Farghana
(b) Chanderi
(c) Agra
(d) Delhi

Answer:
(a) FarghanaI

Question 3.
Babur led his first expedition towards _____
(a) Kabul  
(b) China
(c) India
(d) Turkey

Answer:
(c) India

Question 4.
Babur chose his eldest son, ____ as his heir.
(a) Akbar
(b) Sher Shah
(c) Jahangir
(d) Humayun

Answer:
(d) Humayun

Question 5.

________ started the rule of Sur dynasty at Agra.
(a) Shah Jahan

(b) Muhammad Shah
(c) Akbar
(d) Slier Shah

Answer:
(d) Sher Shah

Question 6.
The memory of the gallant Rajput, ______ is treasured in Rajputara.
(a) Rana Pratap
(b) Rana Uday Singh
(c) Prithiviraj Chauhan
(d) Rana Sanga

Answer:
(a) Rana Pratap

Question 7.
Akbar sent _________ of Jaipur as governor of Kabul once.
(a) Rana Pratap
(c) Raja Man Singh
(c) Raja Todarmal
(d) Rana Sanga

Answer:
(b) Raja Man Singh

Question 8.

_______ after as struggle for power, succeeded Jahangir.
(a) Akbar
(b) Aurangazeb
(c) Humayun
(d) Shah Jahan

Answer:
(d) Shah Jahan

Question 9.
_____ assumed the title Alamgir (the conqueror of the world).
(a) Babur
(b) Akbar
(c) Aurangazeb
(d) Humayun

Answer:
(c) Aurangazeb

Question 10.
Shivaii proclaimed himself the 'Emperor of Maratha' state in ____ 
(a) 1674
(b) 1754
(c) 1685
(d) 1690

Answer:
(a) 1674

Question 11.
The towns and cities were administered by ______ during the Mughal administration.
(a) Subedar
(b) Kotwal
(c) Sarkar
(d) Wakil

(b) Kotwal

Question 12.
______ were conferred hereditary rights over Zamin.
(a) Kotwals
(b) Subedars
(c) Zamindars
(d) Sarkars

Answer:
(c) Zamindars

Question 13.
The famous monument of Sher Shah's reign was his mausoleum built at _______ in Bihar.
(a) Gaya
(b) Patna
(c) Nalanda
(d) Sasaram

Answer:
(d) Sasaram

Question 14.
The world famous Taj Mahal is by the side of the river .
(a) Ganga
(b) Jumna
(c) Brahmaputra
(d) Indus

Answer:
(b) Jumna

Question 15.
The Bibi Ka Maqbara in Aurangabad was built by Prince
(a) Akbar
(b) Humayun
(c) Babur
(d) Azam Shah

Answer:
(d) Azam Shah
II. fill in the blanks
1. Babur was the great grandson of ___________
2. Zahir-ud-din means _____ 
3. Mughal dynasty came to be established in India with ___ as its capital.
4. Humayun's trusted general ____ became the regent and ruled on behalf of Akbar.
5. ______________ a general of sur dynasty, captured Agra and Delhi in 1556.
6. Bairam Khan killed Hemu in the ____________ 
7. Jahangir's wife Mehr-un-nisa known as ___________ was the real power behind the throne.
8. ______________, a representative of Kind James I of England, visited Jahangir's court.
9. ______ maintained law and order in the Mughal Administration.
10. ______ was the number of horses and horsemen, a Mansabdar had to maintain.

11. In Akbar's court, the _______ missionaries were great favourites.

Answers:
1. Timur
2. Defender of faith
3. Agra
4. Bairam Khan
5. Hemu
6. Second battle of Panipat
7. Nur Jahan
8. Thomas Roe
9. Kotwalsi
10. Sawar

11. Portuguese
III. Match the following
1. Wakil - (a) In-charge of the army
2. Wazir - (b) Chief judge
3. Mir Bhakshi - (c) Prime Minister
4. Mir Saman - (d) In-charge of revenue
5. Qazi - (e) Royal house hoed

Answers:
1. $-\mathrm{c}$
2. $-\mathrm{d}$
3. $-\mathrm{a}$
4. $-\mathrm{e}$
5. $-\mathrm{b}$
IV. State true or false
1. Babur was driven out form Farghana by Uzbeks.
2. Kamran, Hindal and Askari were the brothers of Akbar.
3. The fight Rani chand Bibi put up impressed Mughal Army.
4. The Sikh shrine Haramandir Sahib was built in Amritsar.
5. The Mansabdars were paid low salary by the Emperor.

Answers:
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False
V. Considerthe following statements Tick $(\checkmark)$ the appropriate answer:

Question 1.
Assertion (A) : Bairam khan was murdered in Gujarat, allegedly at the instance of Hemu.
Reason (R) : Akbar could not tolerate his dominance in day-to-day governance of the kingdom.
(a) $\mathrm{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$.
(b) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong and $\mathrm{R}$ is correct
(c) $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ are wrong
(d) $\mathrm{A}$ is not the correct explanation of $\mathrm{A}$

Answer:
(b) $\mathrm{A}$ is wrong and $\mathrm{R}$ is correct

Question 2.
Find out the correct statements.
i. Akbar was succeeded by Prince Salim, his son through a Rajput wife.
ii. The toleration of religious of Akbar's time continued in Shah Jahan's time.
iii. Aurangazeb suppressed the revolt of Bundelas Jats, Satnamis and sikhs.
iv. In the Mughal administration, Sadr-us-Sudr was the minister of Finance.
(a) i, ii and iv are correct
(b) $i$ and iii are correct

(c) ii and iv are correct
(d) i and ii are correct

Answer:
(b) i and iii are correct

Question 3.
Match the pairs (Akbar's invasion).
(a) Fort of Chittoor - i. 1576
(b) Ranthambore - ii. 1568
(c) Battle of Haldighati - iii. 1569

Answer::
a - ii, b- iii, c-i
VI. Give short Answers

Question 1.
Where did Babur record his impressions about Hindustan?
Answer:
Babur recorded his impressions about Hindustan, its animals, plants and trees, flowers and fruits in his autobiography Tuzuk-i-Baburi.

Question 2.
Write a few sentences about the reign of Sher Shah.
Answer:
Sher Shah introduced an efficient land revenue system. He built many roads, and standardised coins, weights and measures.

Question 3.
Why was Akbar's defeat of Rani Durgavati hot appreciated?
Answer:
1. Akbars defeat of Rani Durgavati, a ruler in the Central Province, is not appreciated, since the brave Rani did him no harm.
2. Yet larged by his ambition to build an empire, Akbar had no consideration for the good nature of the ruler.

Question 4.
How did Akbar establish commercial access to Arabia, Southeast Asia and China?
Answer:
1. Akbar's conquest of Gujarat helped him to establish control over Gujarat's overseas trade with the Arabs and the Europeans.
2. Akbar's military campaigns in East Bihar and Odisha and victory over Bengal facilitated access to Southeast Asia and China.

Question 5
Write a brief account of Akbar's military campaigns in the Northwest.
Answer:
1. Akbar added Kandahar, Kashmir and Kabul to the Mughal Empire. His battles in the Deccan led to the annexation of Berar, Khandesh and parts of Ahmednagar.
2. Under Akbar, the Mughal Empire extended from Kashmir in the north to Godavari in the south, and from Kandahar in the west to Bengal in the east.

Question 6.
Why did the Mughals had to lost control over the trade routes to Afghanistan? Persia and Central Asia?
Answer:
1. Jahangir ordered the execution of Sikh leader Guru Aijun (or Arjan) for helping his rebellious son Khusrau, who contested for the throne.
2. This resulted in a prolonged fight between the Sikhs and the Mughals.

3. As a result of this confrontation, the Mughals had to lose control over the trade routes to Afghanistan, Persia and Central Asia.

Question 7.
Why was there a sustained resistance from Marathas in the Deccan to the Mughal?
Answer:
Some Maratha warriors, notably Shahji Bhonsle (Shivaji's father), entered the services of the Deccan kingdoms and trained bands of Maratha soldiers to fight against the Mughals. So there was a sustained resistance in the Deccan to the Mughals from the Marathas too.

Question 8.
Narrate the circumstances under with Aurangzeb become the ruler.
Answer:
1. Aurangzeb, the last of the Great Mughals, started off his reign by imprisoning his old father.
2. He assumed the title Alamgir (the Conqueror of the World). He reigned for 48 years.
3. He was no lover of art like his grandfather Jahangir and architecture like his father Shah Jahan.

Question 9.
Why did Aurangzeb march to the Deccan in 1689 ?
Answer:
Aurangzeb's rebellious son, Prince Akbar, joined the forces of Rajputs and created troubles to him. Prince Akbar entered into a pact with Shivaji's son Shambuji in the Deccan. So Aurangzeb had to march to the Deccan in 1689 .

Question 10.
Name the places where the British established their trade centres.
Answer:
The British established their trade centres at Madras (Chennai), Calcutta (Kolkata) and Bombay (Mumbai).

Question 11.
Describe the local administration of the Mughals.
Answer:
The towns and cities were administered by kotwals. Kotwals maintained law and order. The administration of villages was left in the hands of local village panchayats (informal institution of justice in villages). The Panchayatdars (jury) dispensed justice.

Question 12.
Write a short note on Mansabdars.
Answer:
(i) A mansabdar was a holder of a rank. Mansabdar rank was dependent on Zat and Sawar. Mansabdar's salary was fixed on the basis of the number of soldiers each Mansabdar received ranging from 10 to 10,000 .
(ii) The Mansabdars were paid high salary by the Emperor. Before receiving the salary, a Mansabdar has to present his horsemen for inspection. Their horses were branded to prevent theft.

Question 13.
Name the famous buildings of Akbar's time.
Answer:
The Diwan-i-Khas, Diwan-i-Am, Panch Mahal (pyramidal structure in five stories), Rang Mahal, Salim Chishti's Tomb and Buland Darwaza were built during Akbar's time.

Question 14.
Write a short note on Red Fort.
Answer:
Red Fort, also called Lai Qila, in Delhi was the residence of the Mughal emperors. Constructed in 1639 by Emperor Shah Jahan as the palace of his fortified capital Shajahanabad. The Red Fort is named for its massive enclosing walls of red sandstone.

VII. Answer the following

Question 1.
Given an account of the Religious policy of Akbar.
Answer:
1. The Mughal emperors were the followers of islam. Akbar was very liberal in his religious policy.
2. In Akbar's court, the Portuguese missionaries were great favourites.
3. Akbar tried to include the good principles in all religions and formulated them into one single faith caftxl Din-I-Ilahi (divine faith).
4. Ja.hpgir and Shah Jahan also followed the policy ofAkbar. Aurangzeb rejected the liberal views of his predecessors.
5. As we pointed out earlier, he re-imposed the jizya and pilgrim tax on the Hindus. His intolerance towards other religions made him unpopular among the people.
VIII. HOTS

Question 1.
Name a few famous monuments built during Mughal rule in Delhi.
Answer:
Alai Darwaza, Red Fort, Qutub Minar, Safdarjung tomb, Humayun's tomb, Isa Khan's tomb.