Text Book Back Questions and Answers - Chapter 1 Organ System Term 1 5th Science Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

Updated On May 15, 2024

By SaraNextGen

Chapter 1 - Organ System - 5th Science Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions

Text Book Back Questions and Answers
Evaluation
I. Choose the Correct Answer:
Question $1 .$
What is the length of the alimentary canal?
a) $3-5 \mathrm{~m}$
b) $5-6 \mathrm{~m}$
c) 9-11 m
d) $6-9 \mathrm{~m}$
Answer:
d) $6-9 \mathrm{~m}$

Question $2 .$
Which organ is involved in respiration?
a) Kidney
b) Lungs
c) Heart
d) Brain
Answer:
b) Lungs

Question $3 .$
How many kidneys do we have?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 1

d) 4
Answer:
a) 2

Question $4 .$
Functional unit of brain is
a) Neuron
b) Nephron
c) Brain stem
d) Nerves
Answer:
a) Neuron

Question $5 .$
Blood is bumped by
a) Lungs
b) Heart
c) Kidneys
d) Bones
Answer:
b) Heart

II. Fill in the blanks:
Question $1 .$
A group of organs together make up an ______system.
Answer:
organ system

Question $2 .$
The process by which the body removes waste is called______
Answer:
Excretion

Question $3 .$
The number of chambers in human heart is _______
Answer:
Four

Question $4 .$
The functional unit of kidney is______
Answer:
Nephron

Question $5 .$
The human nervous system is divided into _______ parts.
Answer:
Two

III. Say True or False:
Question $1 .$
The circulatory system is made up of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Answer:
True

Question $2 .$
Important function of the heart is to transport blood with nutrients, oxygen, waste, and hormones.
Answer:
True

Question $3 .$
The brain is protected by the rib cage.
Answer:
False

Question 4 .
The functional unit of kidney is neuron.
Answer:
False

IV. Circle the odd one:
Question 1:

Answer:

V. Match the following:

Answer:
1. $\mathrm{C}$
2. $\mathrm{e}$
3. d
4. a
5. $\mathrm{b}$

VI. Answer briefly:
Question 1.
Name the salivary glands in our mouth?
Answer:
The three parts of salivary glands in our mouth are parotid, sublingual and submandibular glands.

Question $2 .$
What is respiration?
Answer:
The process of providing oxygen to the tissues of the body and removing carbon dioxide from the tissues is called respiration.

Question $3 .$
What is the function of pericardial fluid?
Answer:
The space between the membranes is filled with pericardial fluid. This fluid protects the heart from shock.

Question $4 .$
Name the chambers in human heart?
Answer:
The heart is divided into four chambers. Two upper chambers are called atria or auricles. Two lower thicker chambers are called ventricles. The upper and lower chambers are separated by a muscular wall or tissue known as auriculo-ventricular septum of the heart.

Question $5 .$
Arrange the excretory system in correct sequence.
(Urinary bladder, Ureter, Kidney, Urethra).
Answer:
Kidney, Ureter, Urinary bladder, Urethra.

Question $6 .$
What are the two parts of peripheral nervous system?
Answer:
Peripheral nervous system consists of nerves extending from spinal cord to all parts of the body. It is made up of 2 parts.
- Somatic nervous system
- Autonomous nervous system.

Question 7.
What are the functions of blood?
Answer:
- Blood transports nutrients, oxygen, wastes, and hormones.
- It regulates the water level and body temperature.
- It takes oxygen to tissues and cells finally reaches the lungs to take oxygen again.

VII. Answer in detail:
Question 1.
List out the functions of the digestive system.
Answer:
- The process of conversion of complex food molecules into simpler molecules is called digestion.
- Saliva moistens food.
- Salivary enzymes which break down complex starch into simple carbohydrate molecules.
- Digestive enzymes are used for digesting fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Question $2 .$
Explain the main parts of the circulatory system.
Answer:
- In circulatory system, Blood is circulated to transport oxygen and nutrients to every part of the body through circulatory system.
- Circulatory system consists of the
1. Heart
2. Blood
3. Blood Vessels

1. Heart:
- The heart is a hollow, muscular organ conical in shape.
- It is covered by a double walled pericardium membrane, filled with pericardial fluid.
- This fluid protects the heart from shock.
- Heart is placed inside the rib cage between the two lungs.
- Heart has 4 chambers, the two upper chambers called auricles.
- The two lower thicker chambers called ventricles.
- The upper and lower chambers of the heart are separated by muscular wall known as auriculo-ventricular septum.
- The right side of the heart receives de-oxygenated blood from various parts of body and pumped to the lungs for oxygenation.
- The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps to different parts of the body.

2. Blood:
- It transports nutrients' oxygen, wastes and hormones.
- It regulates the water level and body temperature.
- Blood pumped through out the body by the heart.
- It takes oxygen to the tissues and cells from the lungs.

3. Blood vessels:
Blood vessels consists of arteries and veins. Arteries carry oxygenated blood except pulmonary arteries which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart vein carries deoxygenated blood except pulmonary veins which carries oxygenated blood to heart.

Question $3 .$
Explain three major parts of human brain.
Answer:
Human brain is divided into 3 major parts.
1. Fore Brain (Cerebrum)
2. Mid Brain (Cerebellum)
3. Hind Brain (Medulla Oblongata)

1. Fore Brain - Cerebrum
The fore brain consists of cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus.
- It is the largest part of the brain.
- It is the centre of human memory.
- It is responsible for intelligence, imagination and reasoning.

2. Mid Brain - Cerebellum
- It lies behind the cerebrum.
- It co-ordinates the movements of the muscules of body.
- It helps to maintain the balance of the body.

3. Hind Brain - Medulla Oblongata
- The hind brain comprises of pons and medulla oblongata.
- It is also called the brain stem.
- It controls breathing, heartbeat, and other involuntary muscles, so it is called "Vital Knot".
- It connects the brain to the spinal cord.

Question $4 .$
Label the diagram given below.

Answer:

VIII. Questions based on higher order thinking (HOT):
Question 1. Why It is important to wear helmet while riding a bike?
Answer:
Wearing helmet helps to protect your life and protect your head from danger. The head and brain is the most vulnerable to injury in a motorcycle accident. Drivers and passengers wearing helmets increase their chances of survival over non-helmet wearers. Riders who do not wear helmets are at risk of suffering a traumatic brain injury, if they are in accident. Brain trauma often results in spinal cord injuries and disability that requires extended care and physical therapy. The damaged brain may deteriorate after hospitalization and die days to weeks after the injury due to secondary injury.

Eating fast-food and junk food affects our health. Justify.
Answer:
- Fast food is usually higher in fat, calories cholesterol, and sodium in comparison to homemade meals.
- Eating too much fast food can increase the risk for health problems such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and obesity.
- Eating a poor quality diet high in junk food is linked to a higher risk of obesity, depression, digestive issues, heart diseases and stroke, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and early death.

I. Choose the Correct Answer:
Question $1 .$
The brain is kept in a bony case called
a) Cranium
b) Cerebellum
c) Cerebrum
d) Medulla Oblongata
Answer:
a) Cranium

Question $2 .$
The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from
a) Lung
b) Heart
c) Liver
d) Kidney
Answer:
a) Lung

Question $3 .$
Name the functional unit of brain
a) Neurons
b) Nephrons
c) Fibrous membrane
d) Capsule
Answer:
a) Hind Brain

Question $4 .$
The brain loses the ability to function when it does not get oxygen for more than.
a) 2 minutes
b) 3 minutes
c) 4 minutes
d) 5 minutes
Answer:
4 minutes

Question $5 .$
The volume of blood in human adults is
a) 4-5 litres
b) $5-6$ litres
c) $3-5$ litres
d) 4-8 litres
Answer:
a) 4-5 litres

Question $6 .$
The volume of blood in human adults is
a) 4-5 litres
b) $5-6$ litres
c) $3-5$ litres
d) 4-8 litres
Answer:
a) 4-5 litres

Question $7 .$
Heart is covered with double walled membrane called
a) cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) pericardium
d) rib cage
Answer:
c) pericardium

Question $8 .$

______ carries sensation's from the organs to the brain.
a) Somatic nervous system
b) Autonomous nervous system
c) Central nervous system
d) Spinal cord
Answer:
Somatic nervous system

Question $9 .$

________is the largest part of the brain.
a) Fore Brain
b) Mid Brain
c) Hind Brain
d) Centre Brain
Answer:
a) Fore Brain

Question $10 .$
Medulla oblongata is called as
a) pia meter
b) durameter
c) vital knot
d) pons verolli
Answer:
c) vital knot

Question $11 .$
Which of the following statement is correct about cerebellum?
a) It is the largest part of the brain
b) It co-ordinates the movements of the muscles of the body.
c) It controls involuntary action
d) It lies behind the cerebrum
Answer:
Both (b) and (d)

II. Fill in the blanks:
Question $1 .$
Salivary glands secrete
Answer:
saliva

Question $2 .$
Name the organism which lives in the digestive system of human
Answer:
Tapeworm

Question $3 .$
Liver produces for the digestion of fat.
Answer:
Bile

Question 4 .
________ is sac-like in shape.
Answer:
Urinary bladder

Question $5 .$
Kidneys receive approximately ________ litres of blood.
Answer:
250 liter

Question $6 .$
The kidneys are made up of millions of excretory units called
Answer:
Nephrons

III. Say True or False:
Question $1 .$
Liver transport nutrients, oxygen, wastes, and hormones.
Answer:
False

Question $2 .$
Blood vessels consist of arteries and veins.
Answer:
True

Question $3 .$
Crab has blue blood.
Answer:
True

Question $4 .$
Autonomous nervous system carries sensation from the organs to the brain.
Answer:
True

Question $5 .$
Average weight of human brain $i \mathrm{~s} 2.3 \mathrm{~kg}$.
Answer:
False

Question $6 .$
Brain is made up of immovable bones.
Answer:
True

Question $7 .$
Fore brain lies behind the cerebrum.
Answer:
False

Question $8 .$
Fore brain is the centre of human memory.
Answer:
True

IV. Circle the odd one out:
Question $1 .$
(a) Heart
(b) Blood vessels
(c) Airway
(d) Pancreatic juice
Answer:
(d) Pancreatic juice

Question $2 .$
(a) Air way
(b) Lungs
(c) Liver
(d) Muscles of respiration
Answer:
(c) Liver

Question $3 .$
(a) pancreatic juice
(b) Bile
(c) Digestive enzymes
(d) paracardial fluid
Answer:
(d) paracardial fluid

Question $4 .$
(a) Nasal cavity
(b) Pharynx
(c) Nostrils
(d) Pancreas
Answer:
(d) Pancreas

Question $5 .$
(a) Dura mater
(b) Cranium
(c) Arachnoid membrane
(d) Pia meter
Answer:
(b) Cranium

Question $6 .$
(a) Pharynx
(b) Larynx
(c) bronchi
(d) Arteries
Answer:
(d) Arteries

V. Match the following:
Question $1 .$

Answer:

1. d
2. a
$3 . \mathrm{b}$
4. c

Question 2.

Answer:
1. $b$
2. a
3. d
4. $c$

VI. Answer briefly:
Question $1 .$
What is digestion?
Answer:
The process of conversion of complex food molecules into simpler molecules is called digestion.

Question $2 .$
What are the compounds present in the food?
Answer:
The food contain complex compounds like carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

Question $3 .$
Mention the 3 important digestive glands in the process of digestion?
Answer:
Three important digestive glands in the process of digestion are:
- Salivary glands
- Pancreas
- Liver.

Question $4 .$
Why do we eat?
Answer:
Food contains sources of energy that the body needs to stay alive and to repair itself.

Question $5 .$
What happens when we swallow our food?
Answer:
- Our tongue squeezes off a portion and pushes down into your throat to the top of the esophagus.
- When we swallow muscular waves push the food along the digestive tract from the mouth down the esophagus to the stomach.
- From the stomach, it moves on to the small and large intestine.

Question $6 .$
What are the most important toxic gases in smoke?
Answer:
Smoke contains many toxic gases. The most common is carbon monoxide.

Question $7 .$
What is the primary organ of the respiratory system?
Answer:
The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system. They are paired cone-shaped organs. They are located near the backbone on both sides of the heart.

Question $8 .$
Name the muscles of respiration?
Answer:
Muscles of respiration include diaphram and intercostal muscles.

VII. Answer in detail:
Question $1 .$
Draw a flow chart to explain the function of digestive system in human being.
Answer:

Question 2.

Draw and label the parts for the structure of kidney. 
Answer:

Question $3 .$
Explain the structure of heart.
Answer:
- The heart $i s$ a hollow, muscular organ. It $¡ s$ conical $j n$ shape.
- It is covered with double walled membrane called pericardiurn.
- The space between themembranes is filled with pericardial fluid. .
- The pericardial fluid protects the heart from shock.
- Heart is placed inside the thoracic chamber (rib cage) in between the two lungs.
- The heart is divided into four chambers.
- Two upper chambers are called atrio or auricles.
- Two lower thicker chambers are called ventricles.
- The upper and lower chambers of the heart are separated by a muscular wall or tissue known as the auriculo-ventricular septum of the heart.
- The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from various parts of the body and pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation.
- The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it into different parts of the body.