Text Book Back Questions and Answers - Chapter 2 Matter and Materials Term 1 5th Science Guide Samacheer Kalvi Solutions - SaraNextGen [2024-2025]

Updated On May 15, 2024

By SaraNextGen

Text Book Back Questions and Answers
Evaluation
I. Choose the Correct Answer:
Question $1 .$
Which of the following are the states of matter?
a) Solid, Liquid, Water
b) Solid, Liquid, Gas
c) Solid, Liquid, Wood
d) Solid, Liquid, Sugar
Answer:
b) Solid, Liquid, Gas

Question $2 .$
Which of the following is a solid?
a) Kerosene
b) Air
c) Water
d) Apple
Answer:
d) Apple

Question $3 .$
Jute fibre is obtained from
a) leaf
b) stem
c) flower

d) root
Answer:
b) Stem

II. Fill in the blanks:
Question $1 .$

_________soil is suitable for growing cotton.
Answer:
Black soil and alluvial soil

Question $2 .$
The process of making cotton yarn from cotton fibre is
Answer:
Spinning

Question $3 .$
Ginning is done to separate from ________the seeds.
Answer:
Raw fibres

Question $4 .$
Synthetic fibre is also called ________fibre.
Answer:
Artificial fibre

Question $5 .$
Woolen clothes are manufactured from
Answer:
Plant / animals

III. Match the following:

Answer:
1. $b$
2. a
3. $\mathrm{e}$
4. c
5. $\mathrm{d}$

IV. Say True or False:
Question $1 .$
Coir is the outer covering of coconut.
Answer:
True

Question $2 .$
Beans and peas are pulses.
Answer:
False

Question $3 .$
Table is a household good.
Answer:
True

Question $4 .$
Sweet corn is not a product of maize.
Answer:
False

Question $5 .$
Cotton balls contain jute fibre.
Answer:
False

V. Complete the given analogy:
Question $1 .$
Solid: Table::_______ : Water.
Answer:
Liquid

Question $2 .$
Cotton seed: _______: Lint: Spinning.
Answer:
Ginning

Question 3.
Coir fibre:_______ :Cotton fibre: Cotton Plant.
Answer:
Coconut tree

Question $4 .$
Black Pepper: Spice:: Sweat corn:_______
Answer:
Cereal

VI. Answer brief:
Question $1 .$
What is known as ginning?
Answer:
The raw fibres are separated from the seed by a process is known as ginning.

Question $2 .$
Give two examples of food products made from wheat.
Answer:
Wheat products are breads, cakes, pasta, wheat germ and cracked wheat.

Question $3 .$
What are synthetic fibres?
Answer:
The fibres made by human beings with the help of chemical process are called synthetic fibres or artificial fibres. These fibres are obtained from coal, petroleum and natural gas.
Eg: Rayon, nylon, polyester, Acrylic.

Question $4 .$
What is known as upthrust?
Answer:
When an object is immersed into a liquid, the liquid exerts an upward force on the object. It is known as upthrust.

Question $5 .$
Name the list of whole grains.
Answer:
Wheat, maize, rice, beans, peas, barley, and millets are some of the whole grains.

VII. Answer in detail:
Question $1 .$
Discuss briefly about three states of matter.
Answer:
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter can exist in three states: Solid, liquid and gas.
a) Solid: In solids, molecules are very closely packed, solids are incompressible. They have a definite shape, size and volume.
Eg: Table, Book, Metals.
b) Liquid: In liquids, molecules are loosely packed. Hence, liquids are ineligibly compressible. They have a definite volume but no definite shape and size.
Eg: Water, Milk, Petrol
c) Gas: In gases, molecules are very loosely poked. Hence gases are highly compressible.
Eg: Air, LPG, Oxygen.

Question $2 .$
Draw a flow chart to indicate the process of making fabrics from cotton ball.

Answer:

VIII. Give Reason:
Question $1 .$
Why umbrellas are made up of synthetic clothes?
Answer:
Umbrellas are made up of synthetic clothes because synthetic fibres are more hydrophobic than natural fibres. Nylon and polyester, the two fabrics most commonly used in umbrellas. Synthetic are not naturally absorb water like natural fibres. (Cotton, wool).

Question $2 .$
What determines whether an object floats or sinks in a fluid?
Answer:
Whether an object floats or sinks is determined by its density. When an object is immersed into a liquid, the liquid exerts an upward force on the object. It is known as upthrust. If the weight is greater than the upthrust, it sinks. But it is less on the empty water bottle and so it floats.

Activity $1 .$
Look at your surroundings. Give some examples of solid, liquid, and gases.
Answer:

Activity $2 .$
Classify the following Natural Fibres:
Polyster, Jute, Silk, Nylon, Cotton, Wool, Acrylic, Rayon.

Answer:

Activity 3 .
Take water in a bucket and drop the following items in the water. Apple, Scissors, Silver fork, Marbles, Plastic ball.
Fill the table with your observation.

Activity $4 .$
Collect some samples of solid substances such as salt, sugar, chalk powder, sand and saw dust. Take five beakers filled with water and add. a small amount of sugar to the first beaker, salt to the second and similarly, add small amounts of other substances in other beakers. Stir the content with a glass rod. Wait for few minutes. What happens to the substances added? Note your observation.
Answer:

Activity 5 .
Collect samples of coconut oil, kerosene, mustard oil, lemon juice, and vinegar. Take five test tubes, fill them up to half with water. Add a spoon full of one liquid to this and stir it well. Keep it in a test tube stand and wait for few minutes. Observe whether the liquid mixes with water. Repeat the experiment with other liquids and tabulate your observation.
Answer:

I. Choose the correct answer:
Question $1 .$
Which of these is a synthetic fibre.
a) Cotton
b) Jute
c) Rayon
d) Hemp
Answer:
c) Rayon

Question $2 .$
The natural fibre obtained from animal is
a) Rayon
b) Nylon
c) Silk
d) Jute
Answer:
c) Silk

Question $3 .$

_________is used for making dhotis and sarees.
a) Cotton
b) Jute
c) Coir
d) All the above
Answer:
a) Cotton

Question $4 .$
A cotton plant is a bushy plant of _______feet hight.
a) $4-5$
b) $5-6$
c) 6-7
d) $7-8$
Answer:
b) $5-6$

Question $5 .$
Which state of matter has a definite shape.
a) liquid
b) solid
c) gas
d) all the above
Answer:
b) solid

II. Fill in the blanks:
Question $1 .$
________is an important process for making fabric from the yarn.
Answer:
knitting

Question 2.
Impurities of the cotton fibre can be removed by the process
Answer:
combing

Question $3 .$
The world's most valuable fibre is
Answer:
Vicuna

Question $4 .$

________is used as a sweetener instead of sugar.
Answer:
Corn syrup

Question $5 .$
The process of making yarn from lint is called
Answer:
spinning

Question $6 .$
The artificial fibres are also known as
Answer:
synthetic

III. Match the following:

Question 1.

Answer:

1. $b$
2. a
3. $\mathrm{d}$
4. $c$

Question $2 .$

Answer:
1. $b$
2. a
3. d
4. $c$

Question $3 .$

Answer:
1. $b$
2. a
3. $d$
4. $c$

IV. Say True or False:
Question $1 .$
Solids are compressible.

Answer:
False

Question $2 .$
Dacron is an example of artificial fibres.
Answer:
True

Question $3 .$
The fibrous material left after separating cotton seeds is called lint.
Answer:
True

Question $4 .$
Barley and maize are grains.
Answer:
True

Question $5 .$
Maize is also known as rice.
Answer:
False

Question $6 .$
White rice contains essential nutrients.
Answer:
True

Question $7 .$
Coir fibre is obtained from the Jute.
Answer:
False

Question $8 .$
White rice is usually considered much healthier than Brown rice.
Answer:
False

V. Complete the Analogy:
Question $1 .$
Solids: incompressible: Gas:_________
Answer:
Compressible

Question 2.

Hemp: ______ : Wool
Answer:
Animal fibre Plant fibre

Question $3 .$
Maize product: Tortilla chips:: Pasta
Answer:
Wheat products

Question $4 .$
________: Films:: Nylon: Fishing nets.
Answer:
Polyester

VI. Circle the odd one:
Question $1 .$
a) Ginning
b) Spinning
c) Filling
d) Weaving
Answer:
Filling

Question $2 .$
a) Sweet corn
b) Tortilla chips
c) Pasta
d) Taco
Answer:
Pasta

Question $3 .$
a) Chalk powder
b) Sand
c) Sugar
d) Sawdust
Answer:
Sugar

Question $4 .$
a) Vinegar
b) Mustard oil
c) Kerosene

d) Coconut oil
Answer:
Vinegar

Question $5 .$
a) Wool
b) Nylon
c) Rayon
d) Acrylic
Answer:
Wool

VII. Answer briefly:
Question $1 .$
What is material?
Answer:
A material is a mixture of substances that constitute an object. They can be pure or impure, natural or man-made.

Question $2 .$
What kind of soil needed for growing cotton?
Answer:
Cotton grows well in black soil and alluvial šoil.

Question $3 .$
What is cotton balls?
Answer:
The cotton plant bears a large number of small green pods called cotton balls.

Question $4 .$
What is Ginning?
Answer:
The raw fibres are separated from the seeds by a process known as Ginning.

Question $5 .$
Mention the two uses of cotton?
Answer:
Uses of cotton
- It is used to manufacture cotton textiles and garments.
- It is used as fillers in pillows and mattresses.
- It used for making surgical bandages.

Question $6 .$
Why jute fibre is called as Golden fibre?
Answer:
It is also referred to as the golden fibre due to its colour and cost effectiveness.

Question $7 .$
Write the uses of Jute?
Answer:
Uses of Jute
- It is used for making bags, carpets, curtains and ropes.
- It is used for making clothes for wrapping bales of raw cotton and to make socks for storing grains.
- It is used for making wall hangings for decoration.

Question $8 .$
What do you mean by synthetic fibre?
Answer:
These fibres are made by human beings with the help of chemical process. Hence, they are called synthetic fibres or manmade fibres.

Question 9.
Give an example of food products made from rice?
Answer:
Rice, idly, Idiappam and Rice aval (Flattened rice) are the food items made from rice.

Question $10 .$
Will eating millets reduce weight?
Answer:
Yes. It helps in weight loss. It is rich in fibre.

Question $11 .$
What are household goods?
Answer:
- These are the products that we use in our house.
- The goods that are found in a house permanently are called household goods.
- Household goods are:
- Furniture
- Kitchenware,
- Cloths, Towels,
- Beddings
- Boots
- Electronic goods.

Question $12 .$
What insoluble substance? Give examples.
Answer:
Substances which do not dissolve in water are said to be insoluble Substance.
Eg. chalk powder, sand, sawdust.

VIII.Answer in Detail :
Question $1 .$
Write a note on fibres.
Answer:
- Fibre is a thin thread of natural or artificial substances.
- It is used to make clothes with the help of power looms or weaving machines.
- The fibres we get from plants and animals are called natural fibres. Cotton, jute, coir, flax, hemp are examples for plant fibres.

- Wool and silk are examples for animal fibres
- Fibres made by humans by chemical synthesis are called synthetic fibres or artificial fibres.
- Rayon, nylon, acrylic and dacron are examples for artificial fibres.
- These fibres are obtained from petroleum by complex chemical processes.

Question $2 .$
Write the uses of synthetic fibres.
Answer:
- Rayon is used to make rope, cloth, cap, tyre cords and carpets.

- Nylon is used to make fishing nets/ropes, parachutes, fabrics and bristles for brushes.
- Polyester is used to make fabric for suits and shirts, hoses, conveyer belts, films, PET bottles and wires.
- Acrylic is used to make sweaters, shawls and blankets.

Question $3 .$
Explain about the solubility of solids in water with examples.
Answer:
- Some substances completely dissolve in water. We say that these substances are soluble in water.
- Other substances do not dissolve in water even after we stir for a long time. These substances are insoluble in water.
- Examples: Salt, Sugar, Chalk powder, Sand, Sawdust

- Wool and silk are examples for animal fibres.
- Fibres made by humans by chemical synthesis are called synthetic fibres or artificial fibres.
- Rayon, nylon, acrylic and dacron are examples for artificial fibres.
- These fibres are obtained from petroleum by complex chemical processes.